Synthesis and Structural Characterization of a Polyoxomolybdate HNa7[Mo36O112(H2O)16]·47H2O

A new polyoxomolybdate complex HNa7[Mo36O112(H2O)16]·47H2O 1 has been prepared in the beaker solution and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and elemental analyses. Crystal data: H127Mo36Na7O175, Mr = 6542.79, monoclinic, C2/c, a = 40.891(6), b =17.900(3), c = 25.580(4) (A), β = 125.673(2)°, V = 15210(4)(A)3, Z = 4, Dc = 2.857 g/cm3, F(000) =12464, μ = 3.013 mm-1, R = 0.0633 and wR = 0.1654 (I＞ 2σ(Ⅰ)). With the bridging sodium cations,the [Mo36O112(H2O)16]8- units in compound 1 are linked to form a one-dimensional structure, on the basis of which a three-dimensional architecture is further constructed via other sodium cations and complicated hydrogen bonds.     

Removal of Copper(II) in the Presence of Sodium Dodecylobenzene Sulfonate from Acidic Effluents Using Adsorption on Ion Exchangers and Micellar-Enhanced Ultrafiltration Methods

The selective removal of Cu(II) in the presence of sodium dodecylobenzene sulfonate from acidic effluents was made using the adsorption and micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration methods. Lewatit MonoPlus TP220 showed the best adsorption behavior in the systems containing Cu(II) in the presence of ABSNa50 surfactant compared to the other adsorbents (removal efficiency ≈ 100%, sorption capacity ≈ 10 mg/g). The kinetics followed the pseudo-second order kinetic equation. The Langmuir adsorption capacities were 110 mg/g (the system with ABSNa50 above CMC) and 130.38 mg/g (the system with ABSNa50 below CMC). The working ion exchange capacities were C_w = 0.0216 g/mL and C_w = 0.0135 g/mL. The copper removal by the micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration method was 76.46% (0.1 mol/L HCl).     

Latest advances in zwitterionic structures modified dialysis membranes

End-stage renal diseases are affecting many patients and as a result, demand to receive dialysis service is growing annually. Morbidity and mortality rates are reported to be higher in comparison with healthy humans. The reason is reported to be the hemoincompatiblity of blood purification membranes, which hinders patients’ lives. Activation of different immune systems in the body, in case of blood-membrane interaction, results in several side effects, of which cardiovascular shocks have been mentioned to be a major one. Efforts to solve this issue have resulted in different generations of dialysis membranes. Zwitterionic immobilized membranes are the latest (third) generation, which owns a higher degree of hemocompatiblity with more stability of immobilized structures. This critical review intends to cover recent efforts conducted over the zwitterionization of polymeric membrane surfaces with the goal of improving hemocompatibility. Different aspects of third-generation membranes are discussed for a better understanding of the current gap and gathering the knowledge to further develop the field. Accordingly, this critical survey provides an in-depth understanding of blood purification membranes zwitterionization for paving the way for the optimum enhancement of hemodialysis membrane hemocompatibility.     

高效液相色谱法测定红细胞保存液中枸橼酸及其钠盐总量

建立了测定输血用红细胞保存液(MAP液)中枸橼酸及其钠盐总量的高效液相色谱分析方法。采用十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶填充色谱柱(Inertsil ODS-3)(250 mmX4.6 mm i.d.,5 μm),流动相为1718 mmol/L磷酸溶液(pH 2.02.5),检测波长为210 nm,柱温40 ℃,流速1.0 mL/min,进样量20 μL。以内标法定量,丙酸为内标。样品测定的相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.37%。测得枸橼酸钠的平均回收率为99.8%。该方法简便、快速、准确,15 min内就可以完成一个样     

Effect of Thermal History on Rheological Properties of Partially Hydrolyzed Polyacrylamide／Anionic Surfactant SDS Complex Systems

The effects of thermal history on the rheological properties of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide/sodium dodecyl sulfate complex aqueous solutions have been studied using both steady shear and dynamic temperature sweep characterizations. An abnormal rheological behavior was found that dynamic moduli of the aqueous solutions increased, while the viscosity decreased after thermal treatment,which could help to gain insight into the micro-phase evolution of the polymer/surfactant complex aqueous solutions and its dependence on temperature     

新试剂N－烯丙基－N′－（氨基对苯磺酸钠）硫脲（ASATu）的合成、表征及其反应性能的研究

本文报道了新试剂Ｎ－烯丙基－Ｎ′－（氨基对苯磺醚钠）硫脲（ＡＳＡＴｕ）的合成并确定了结构。该试剂与４５种元素在不同介质中反应，仅有Ｃｕ￣（２＋）、Ａｇ￣＋、Ｂｉ￣（３＋）、Ｈｇ￣（２＋）和Ｆｅ￣（３＋）等离子产生特征性反应。实验证明，它可作为Ｃｕ￣（２＋）、Ａｇ￣＋等新的鉴定试剂；在酸性和近中性介质中测定了该试剂与稀土元素等四十多种金属元素反应的摩尔吸光系数。     

聚天冬氨酸与钨酸钠复配对黄铜缓蚀作用的光电化学研究

应用光电化学的方法研究了两种环境友好型缓蚀剂聚天冬氨酸(PASP)和钨酸钠(Na2WO4)的单一配方及其复配对黄铜在含硼砂硼酸缓冲溶液的模拟水中的缓蚀作用. 结果表明, 在光电流循环伏安测试中, 单一的PASP与Na2WO4均能够使黄铜表面Cu2O膜引起的p-型光电流响应增大, 这说明缓蚀剂增大了Cu2O膜的厚度, 使黄铜的腐蚀速率减小. 单一的PASP与Na2WO4的最佳添加浓度分别为20与25 mg•L－1. 若以总浓度为20 mg•L－1时对两者进行复配, 当PASP与Na2WO4的质量比为1∶1时, 两者复配比单一使用时的p-型电流光响应都更大, 黄铜的腐蚀更小, 即缓蚀剂的效果更好.     

基于莫高窟成盐元素相关系探究壁画盐害作用机理

壁画盐害与壁画的成盐元素种类、盐分迁徙活动以及环境气象条件等密切相关.莫高窟壁画酥碱病变的可溶盐主要为NaCl和Na2SO4,盐的结晶是破坏力的重要来源.本文运用经典溶液化学的研究方法,界定了三元体系NaCl-Na2SO4-H2O于308K,298K,288K,278K,268K的相关系,以此为基础阐释了壁画盐害的发生和发展规律,计算得到了安全含盐量和环境条件的临界数值.研究表明:NaCl的饱和溶解度对温度敏感度不大,它的结晶析出更多的是伴随着水分的蒸发而发生;Na2SO4的饱和溶解度对温度表现较为敏感,它的结晶析出,除了因溶剂水分的蒸发而发生发展之外,还将因温度的降低而产生,他们各自在壁画盐害的发生发展过程中有一定的行为差异,其主导作用的交替点大致在wNa2SO4 /w NaCl=1:3～6左右,即当该体系中Na2SO4的质量比约达30%～15%时,Na2SO4将成为壁画盐害随洞窟温度变化而发生的主导诱因.三元体系NaCl-Na2SO4-H2O中NaCl和Na2SO4在5～35℃的介稳饱和溶解度的测定,取得了与相图相一致的结果.NaCl结晶物质地坚硬、粒度均匀,在壁画盐害表现形式上应以点状疱疹为主;Na2SO4结晶物主要以十水硫酸钠Na2SO4·10H2O的形式析出,质地疏松,易风化,易返潮,所导致的壁画酥碱病变有一定的反复性.Na2SO4的过饱和溶解度大,易富集,易浓缩,结晶区域较大,相应破坏面也较大,在壁画盐害的表现形式应以粉状酥碱为主,如壁画较大面积的空鼓、地仗层酥松等.     

Review on recent and advanced applications of monoliths and related porous polymer gels in micro-fluidic devices

This review critically summarises recent novel and advanced achievements in the application of monolithic materials and related porous polymer gels in micro-fluidic devices appearing within the literature over the period of the last 5 years (2005-2010). The range of monolithic materials has developed rapidly over the past decade, with a diverse and highly versatile class of materials now available, with each exhibiting distinct porosities, pore sizes, and a wide variety of surface functionalities. A major advantage of these materials is their ease of preparation in micro-fluidic channels by in situ polymerisation, leading to monolithic materials being increasingly utilised for a larger variety of purposes in micro-fluidic platforms. Applications of porous polymer monoliths, silica-based monoliths and related homogeneous porous polymer gels in the preparation of separation columns, ion-permeable membranes, preconcentrators, extractors, electrospray emitters, micro-valves, electrokinetic pumps, micro-reactors and micro-mixers in micro-fluidic devices are discussed herein. Procedures used in the preparation of monolithic materials in micro-channels, as well as some practical aspects of the micro-fluidic chip fabrication are addressed. Recent analytical/bioanalytical and catalytic applications of the final micro-fluidic devices incorporating monolithic materials are also reviewed.     

聚苯乙烯凝胶色谱柱分离头孢呋辛钠聚合物杂质

建立了聚苯乙烯基质的凝胶色谱柱系统对头孢呋辛钠中聚合物杂质(或称缩合物杂质)的分离分析方法.凝胶色谱柱为MKF-GPC-100柱(100 mm×7.8 mm,5 μm),流动相为0.01 mol/L的磷酸盐缓冲液(pH 7.0)-乙腈(70:30,体积比),流速1.0 mL/min,检测波长254 nm.头孢呋辛钠与其...