Asymmetric reduction of acetophenone and propiophenone by NaAl(IPTOLate)H2 combined with enantiomeric enrichment of the reaction product as an inclusion complex with IPTOL

An improved procedure was developed for asymmetric reduction of acetophenone and propiophenone by the chiral reagent NaAl(IPTOLate)H₂. This procedure is based on isolation of the chiral alcohol that formed as a crystalline host—guest complex with the IPTOL ligand. The enantiomeric enrichment of the product was as high as 97% ee. The ability of IPTOL and its analogs to form host—guest complexes with a number of ether-type solvents, 1-phenylethanol, and 1-phenylpropan-1-ol as well as thermal stabilities of IPTOL-containing complexes with these alcohols were studied.     

Paradigms and Paradoxes: Energetics of Aqueous Oxyanions of Nonmetals and Metalloids

The enthalpies of formation of simple nonmetal or metalloid oxyanions in aqueous solution are discussed. Archival values are cited and estimates are made. Trends prove evasive.     

ESR study of photooxidation of phenothiazines in aqueous micellar solutions

The mechanism of photooxidation of phenothiazine in liquid and frozen (77 K) aqueous micellar solutions of the surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulfate) was studied by ESR. The main reaction of electrons formed by the photochemical oxidation of phenothiazine in a liquid micellar solution of the anionic surfactant is the reduction of molecular oxygen dissolved in the aqueous bulk phase. 10-Methylphenothiazine was used as a stable radical cation probe in a liquid solution. The influence of electrolytes on the photoionization yield in both frozen and liquid solutions of the surfactant was studied.     

亚甲基蓝分光光度法测定锑浸出液中硫化钠

湿法炼锑中常采用硫化钠作为从锑矿中提取锑硫化物的浸出剂。准确测定锑浸出液中的硫化钠浓度对掌握和完善湿法炼锑工艺、提高生产效率有重要作用。将亚甲基蓝分光光度法用于锑浸出液中硫化钠的测定,考察了波长选择、体系酸度、显色时间、基质干扰等条件,测评、优化了方法;将方法应用于锑浸出液中硫化钠的测定,方法检出限为0.002mg/L,测定结果相对标准偏差≤3%,加标回收率≥90%。方法能较理想地应用于锑浸出液中硫化钠的测定,丰富了锑浸出液中硫化钠的测定方法,也为相关研究提供了支持与参考。     

Single Crystals of CaNa[ReO4]3: Serendipitous Formation and Systematic Characterization

In an attempt to crystallize Ce[ReO₄]₄ · xH₂O from aqueous solutions of equimolar amounts of Ce[SO₄]₂ and Ba[ReO₄]₂ via salt‐metathesis the serendipitous formation of colorless, transparent, rod‐shaped single crystals of CaNa[ReO₄]₃ was observed as a result of calcium and sodium impurities within the improperly deionized water used. Structure analysis by X‐ray diffraction lead to the conclusion that the title compound crystallizes in the ThCd[MoO₄]₃ structure type with the hexagonal space group P6₃/m and the lattice parameters a = 991.74(6) pm, c = 636.53(4) pm, c/a = 0.642 for Z = 2. The crystal structure contains purely oxygen surrounded and crystallographically unique cations, namely Ca²⁺ in tricapped trigonal prismatic (d(Ca–O) = 6 × 249 pm + 3 × 254 pm), Na⁺ in octahedral (d(Na–O) = 6 × 241 pm), and Re⁷⁺ in tetrahedral coordination (d(Re–O) = 171–173 pm). Furthermore, it was possible to yield an almost phase‐pure microcrystalline powder of the title compound from a melt of equimolar amounts of Na[ReO₄] and Ca[ReO₄]₂ stemming from aquatically obtained precursors.     

Co3+-Rich Na1.95CoP2O7 Phosphates as Efficient Bifunctional Catalysts for Oxygen Evolution and Reduction Reactions in Alkaline Solution

Implementing sustainable energy conversion and storage technologies is highly reliant on crucial oxygen electrocatalysis, such as the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). However, the pursuit of low cost, energetic efficient and robust bifunctional catalysts for OER and ORR remains a great challenge. Herein, the novel Na-ion-deficient Na_2−xCoP₂O₇ catalysts are proposed to efficiently electrocatalyze OER and ORR in alkaline solution. The engineering of Na-ion deficiency can tune the electronic structure of Co, and thus tailor the intrinsically electrocatalytic performance. Among the sodium cobalt phosphate catalysts, the Na_1.95CoP₂O₇ (NCPO5) catalyst exhibits the lowest ΔE (E_J10,OER−E_J−1,ORR) of only 0.86 V, which favorably outperforms most of the reported non-noble metal catalysts. Moreover, the Na-ion deficiency can stabilize the phase structure and morphology of NCPO5 during the OER and ORR processes. This study highlights the Na-ion deficient Na_2−xCoP₂O₇ as a promising class of low-cost, highly active and robust bifunctional catalysts for OER and ORR.     

十二烷基硫酸钠毛细管电泳法分析非还原单克隆抗体药物纯度的前处理条件优化

十二烷基硫酸钠毛细管电泳法因具有快速、分辨率高的优势，已成为单克隆抗体纯度分析的主流方法。在非还原单克隆抗体纯度检测中，其样品前处理过程对于结果有显著影响。为优化样品前处理，考察了以碘乙酰胺和N-乙基马来酰亚胺为巯基封闭剂，在pH 6.0~9.0的样品缓冲液条件下，不同种类和批次的单抗的纯度。发现在两种巯基封闭剂中，高pH的样品缓冲液会影响巯基封闭的效果，产生较多的抗体片段；而在低pH条件下，抗体片段较少，单抗的纯度更高。因此在进行非还原单抗的纯度检测中，pH 6.0的样品缓冲液为最佳的前处理条件。     

Synthesis,spectroscopic characterization and Antibacterial screening of some new cefotaxime sodium derivatives

Biologically active compounds with heteroaromatic ring system of cefotaxime sodium have been synthesized via aminomethylation reaction. The aminomethylation of cefotaxime sodium with various biologically potent sulphonamides/secondary amines was carried out and then characterized by elemental analysis and spectral studies – IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, Powder X-ray diffraction and Scanning Electron Microscopy. The compounds were screened for their antibacterial activity against various pathogenic bacteria at varying concentrations. The antibacterial activity of cefotaxime sodium derivatives was compared with parent sulphonamides. The toxicity of synthesized cefotaxime sodium derivatives was ascertained by LD₅₀ test.     

Solubilization of methane,ethane, propane andn-butane in aqueous solutions of sodium dodecylsulfate

The solubilities of methane, ethane, propane, and n-butane were measured in aqueous solutions of sodium dodecylsulfate (NaDS) (0–0.1M) from 15 to 27°C. From these measurements the standard Gibbs energies, entropies, and enthalpies for the process of transferring the solute molecules from the gaseous phase into the solutions were calculated. An approximate relationship was found relating the volume fraction of the micelles to NaDS concentration.     

Enthalpies of solution in sodium octanoate + water + alcohol mixtures

Enthalpies of solution of sodium octanoate in water, 1-propanol and aqueous mixtures of 1-propanol, 1-butanol, 1-pentanol and 1-hexanol, and of the alcohols in aqueous solutions of sodium octanoate at various concentrations were determined calorimetrically at 35 °C. MostH(soln) values are exothermic and strongly dependent on the solute concentration. The main energetic factor governing the process of dissolution of the surfactant is associated with changes in the water structure caused by the presence of alcohol. That governing the process of the alcohol dissolution in surfactant solutions is due to the effect alcohols have on the CMC of the octanoate. There is no indication of the alcohol being either solubilized in the interior of the aqueous micelle, or becoming part of the micellar film.The solubility at 35 °C of sodium octanoate in water, 1-propanol and their mixtures has also been determined.