Hermetic Seal of Organic Light Emitting Diode with Glass Frit

The components of OLED encapsulation with hermetic sealing and a 1026-day lifetime were measured by PXI-1033. The optimal characteristics were obtained when the thickness of the TPBi layer was 20 nm. This OLED obtained a maximum luminance (Lmax) of 25,849 cd/m² at a current density of 1242 mA/cm², an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 2.28%, a current efficiency (CE) of 7.20 cd/A, and a power efficiency (PE) of 5.28 lm/W. The efficiency was enhanced by Lmax 17.2%/EQE 0.89%/CE 42.1%/PE 41.9%. The CIE coordinates of 0.32, 0.54 were all green OLED elements with wavelengths of 532 nm. The shear strain and leakage test gave results of 16 kgf and 8.92 × 10⁻⁹ mbar/s, respectively. The reliability test showed that the standard of MIL-STD-883 was obtained.     

雾化辅助化学气相沉积法氧化镓薄膜生长研究

采用自主设计搭建的雾化辅助化学气相沉积系统设备,开展了Ga₂O₃薄膜制备及其特性研究工作。通过X射线衍射研究了沉积温度、系统沉积压差对Ga₂O₃薄膜结晶质量的影响。结果表明,Ga₂O₃在425~650 ℃温度区间存在物相转换关系。随着沉积温度从425 ℃升高至650 ℃,薄膜结晶分别由非晶态、纯α-Ga₂O₃结晶状态向α-Ga₂O₃、β-Ga₂O₃两相混合结晶状态改变。通过原子力显微镜表征探究了生长温度对Ga₂O₃薄膜表面形貌的影响,从475 ℃升高至650 ℃时,薄膜表面粗糙度由26.8 nm下降至24.8 nm。同时,高分辨X射线衍射仪测试表明475 ℃、5 Pa压差条件下的α-Ga₂O₃薄膜样品半峰全宽仅为190.8″,为高度结晶态的单晶α-Ga₂O₃薄膜材料。     

Biotic Cathode of Graphite Fibre Brush for Improved Application in Microbial Fuel Cells

The biocathode in a microbial fuel cell (MFC) system is a promising and a cheap alternative method to improve cathode reaction performance. This study aims to identify the effect of the electrode combination between non-chemical modified stainless steel (SS) and graphite fibre brush (GFB) for constructing bio-electrodes in an MFC. In this study, the MFC had two chambers, separated by a cation exchange membrane, and underwent a total of four different treatments with different electrode arrangements (anodeǁcathode)—SSǁSS (control), GFBǁSS, GFBǁGFB and SSǁGFB. Both electrodes were heat-treated to improve surface oxidation. On the 20th day of the operation, the GFBǁGFB arrangement generated the highest power density, up to 3.03 W/m³ (177 A/m³), followed by the SSǁGFB (0.0106 W/m³, 0.412 A/m³), the GFBǁSS (0.0283 W/m³, 17.1 A/m³), and the SSǁSS arrangements (0.0069 W/m⁻³, 1.64 A/m³). The GFBǁGFB had the lowest internal resistance (0.2 kΩ), corresponding to the highest power output. The other electrode arrangements, SSǁGFB, GFBǁSS, and SSǁSS, showed very high internal resistance (82 kΩ, 2.1 kΩ and 18 kΩ, respectively) due to the low proton and electron movement activity in the MFC systems. The results show that GFB materials can be used as anode and cathode in a fully biotic MFC system.     

Spectroscopic and quantum-chemical study of molecular interactions of iso-quinolinium ylids in polar solutions

Abstract

Three iso-quinolinium ylids are studied by visible electron absorption spectroscopy from the point of view of their interactions with solvent molecules. The quantum mechanical calculations with Spartan 14 Program and solvatochromism of the intramolecular charge transfer visible absorption band of the studied molecules emphasized the prevalence of universal orientation-induction interactions in aprotic solvents and additionally the presence of hydrogen bond between the ylid molecules and the hydroxyl groups of the solvent molecules. The contribution of each type of interactions in the studied solutions is finally established by a multilinear regression applied to solvatochromic data.     

Influence of Electron–Phonon Interaction on the Lattice Thermal Conductivity in Single-Crystal Si

Lattice thermal conductivity can be reduced by introducing point defect, grain boundary, and nanoscale precipitates to scatter phonons of different wave-lengths, etc. Recently, the effect of electron–phonon (EP) interaction on phonon transport has attracted more and more attention, especially in heavily doped semiconductors. Here the effect of EP interaction in n-type P-doped single-crystal Si has been investigated. The lattice thermal conductivity decreases dramatically with increasing P doping. This reduction on lattice thermal conductivity cannot be explained solely considering point defect scattering. Further, the lattice thermal conductivity can be fitted well by introducing EP interaction into the modified Debye–Callaway model, which demonstrates that the EP interaction can play an important role in reducing lattice thermal conductivity of n-type P-doped single-crystal Si.     

Impact of drifts in the ASDEX upgrade upper open divertor using SOLPS-ITER

SOLPS-ITER L-mode-like simulations with the full set of currents and drift velocities activated, and fluid neutrals have been carried out to interpret experimental results obtained in AUG. Drifts are critical to quantitatively reproduce the experimental results; however, simulations without drifts can also reproduce some trends qualitatively. The magnitude and dependence of the peak heat flux onto both targets on the upstream collisionality are, in general, in quantitative agreement within uncertainties with infrared thermography measurements in favourable field direction. The onset of power detachment is observed. In unfavourable toroidal field direction, a more symmetrical inner/outer target solution with regards to the power distribution is predicted, in agreement with experimental observations. However, also in unfavourable toroidal field direction, insufficient power is dissipated in the simulations and therefore q_{peak, inn} is overpredicted by up to a factor of 4 and q_{peak, out} by up to a factor of 1.5. The largest contribution to the sources due to radial transport in the energy balance equation is the radial divergence of the energy flux due to V_{E × B}.     

Optimization of STEM-HAADF Electron Tomography Reconstructions by Parameter Selection in Compressed Sensing Total Variation Minimization-Based Algorithms

A novel procedure to optimize the 3D morphological characterization of nanomaterials by means of high angle annular dark field scanning-transmission electron tomography is reported and is successfully applied to the analysis of a metal- and halogen-free ordered mesoporous carbon material. The new method is based on a selection of the two parameters (μ and β) which are key in the reconstruction of tomographic series by means of total variation minimization (TVM). The parameter-selected TVM reconstructions obtained using this approach clearly reveal the porous structure of the carbon-based material as consisting of a network of parallel, straight channels of ≈6 nm diameter ordered in a honeycomb-type arrangement. Such an unusual structure cannot be retrieved from a TVM 3D reconstruction using default reconstruction values. Moreover, segmentation and further quantification of the optimized 3D tomographic reconstruction provide values for different textural parameters, such as pore size distribution and specific pore volume that match very closely with those determined by macroscopic physisorption techniques. The approach developed can be extended to other reconstruction models in which the final result is influenced by parameter choice.     

垂直旋转流场中单颗粒运动状态判别及受力分析

为研究单颗粒在旋转流场中的运动状态及受力情况,以毫米级球形颗粒为例,利用旋转流场颗粒运动装置,通过使用摄像机记录颗粒在流场中的运动轨迹以获取其运动参数,分析了不同转速和颗粒直径条件下颗粒的运动轨迹,拟合得到了颗粒运动状态判别公式以及颗粒运动轨迹公式,分析了颗粒在旋转流场中的受力情况。结果表明,颗粒在旋转流场平衡状态下运动状态主要分为两类,一类是未离开壁面保持静止,另一类是离开壁面保持稳定周向运动;颗粒进行周向运动的轨迹为椭圆形,并且圆心随着转速的增大靠近旋转中心,而随着粒径的增大靠近壁面;颗粒在旋转流场的运动过程中主要受到离心力和旋转科式力作用。     

Yarrowia lipolytica as an Alternative and Valuable Source of Nutritional and Bioactive Compounds for Humans

Yarrowia lipolytica, an oleagineous species of yeast, is a carrier of various important nutrients. The biomass of this yeast is an extensive source of protein, exogenous amino acids, bioavailable essenctial trace minerals, and lipid compounds as mainly unsaturated fatty acids. The biomass also contains B vitamins, including vitamin B12, and many other bioactive components. Therefore, Y. lipolytica biomass can be used in food supplements for humans as safe and nutritional additives for maintaining the homeostasis of the organism, including for vegans and vegetarians, athletes, people after recovery, and people at risk of B vitamin deficiencies.