New Generation of Multifunctional Nanoparticles for Cancer Imaging and Therapy

Advances in nanotechnology have contributed to the development of novel nanoparticles that enable the tumor‐specific delivery of imaging probes and therapeutic agents in cancer imaging and therapy. Nanobiotechnology combines nanotechnology with molecular imaging, which has led to the generation of new multifunctional nanoparticles for cancer imaging and therapy. Multifunctional nanoparticles hold great promise for the future of cancer treatment because they can detect the early onset of cancer in each individual patient and deliver suitable therapeutic agents to enhance therapeutic efficacy. The combination of tumor‐targeted imaging and therapy in an all‐in‐one system provides a useful multimodal approach in the battle against cancer. Novel multifunctional nanoparticles thus offer a new avenue in the application of personalized medicine in the near future. Herein, new trends and the significance of novel multifunctional nanoparticles in cancer imaging and therapy are reviewed.

     

FCC非执照频段的射频模块认证

介绍FCC对射频模块的分类、界定条件,阐述FCC非执照频段的射频模块认证方式,并以游戏机手柄、无线路由器和笔记本采用的无线射频模块为例分析FCC的认证要求,明确正确的认证程序以保证产品顺利通过目标市场认证。     

p53--a natural cancer killer: structural insights and therapeutic concepts

Every single day, the DNA of each cell in the human body is mutated thousands of times, even in absence of oncogenes or extreme radiation. Many of these mutations could lead to cancer and, finally, death. To fight this, multicellular organisms have evolved an efficient control system with the tumor-suppressor protein p53 as the central element. An intact p53 network ensures that DNA damage is detected early on. The importance of p53 for preventing cancer is highlighted by the fact that p53 is inactivated in more than 50 % of all human tumors. Thus, for good reason, p53 is one of the most intensively studied proteins. Despite the great effort that has been made to characterize this protein, the complex function and the structural properties of p53 are still only partially known. This review highlights basic concepts and recent progress in understanding the structure and regulation of p53, focusing on emerging new mechanistic and therapeutic concepts.     

函数连接型网络应用于维生素B族四组分同时测定

报道了函数连接型网络（ＦＬＮ）用于维生素Ｂ族四组分同时测定。采用相关系数和标准偏差从原始紫外光谱数据中挑选１１个波长点供网络处理。在函数连接型网络中，非线性输入模式得到了增强，并使用了推广的δ学习规则。预测结果极行，其相关系数和标准偏差分别为０．９９９０４和０．２６８８５。     

采用电脑激光肾病治疗仪治疗慢性肾炎及慢性肾功能不全的临床疗效观察

电脑激光肾病治疗仪与常规药物治疗结合 ,治疗慢性肾小球肾炎、肾病综合征、慢性肾功能不全 ,共 30例 ;并与单用常规药物治疗对照。结果 :慢性肾小球肾炎组 ,2 4小时尿蛋白由治疗前的 1.34± 0 .82 g/日 ,下降至0 .85± 0 .61g/日 ,与对照组相比 ,有显著性差异 ( P<0 .0 5) ;治疗组 2 4小时尿量由治疗前的 184 6.67± 356.69ml/日 ,增加至 2 0 78.33± 4 30 .0 5ml/日 ,与对照组相比 ,有显著性差异 ( P<0 .0 5)。提示 :该治疗仪对肾小球肾炎等慢性肾病有一定疗效     

聚电解质复合物在药物控释中的应用

近年来聚电解质复合物在药物控释领域受到重视。对聚电解质复合物在响应型药物控释、细胞免疫隔离移植、多肽蛋白质药物的缓释及其基因治疗等领域的应用进行了综述。     

In vitro studies of cutaneous retention of magnetic nanoemulsion loaded with zinc phthalocyanine for synergic use in skin cancer treatment

In this study was developed a new nano drug delivery system (NDDS) based on association of biodegradable surfactants with biocompatible magnetic fluid of maguemita citrate derivative. This formulation consists in a magnetic emulsion with nanostructured colloidal particles. Preliminary in vitro experiments showed that the formulation presents a great potential for synergic application in the topical release of photosensitizer drug (PS) and excellent target tissue properties in the photodynamic therapy (PDT) combined with hyperthermia (HPT) protocols. The physical chemistry characterization and in vitro assays were carried out by Zn(II) Phtalocyanine (ZnPc) photosensitizer incorporated into NDDS in the absence and the presence of magnetic fluid, showed good results and high biocompatibility. In vitro experiments were accomplished by tape-stripping protocols for quantification of drug association with different skin tissue layers. This technique is a classical method for analyses of drug release in stratum corneum and epidermis+dermis skin layers. The NDDS formulations were applied directly in pig skin (tissue model) fixed in the cell's Franz device with receptor medium container with a PBS/EtOH 20% solution (10 mM, pH 7.4) at 37 °C. After 12 h of topical administration stratum corneum was removed from fifty tapes and the ZnPc retained was evaluated by solvent extraction in dimetil-sulphoxide under ultrasonic bath. These results indicated that magnetic nanoemulsion (MNE) increase the drug release on the deeper skin layers when compared with classical formulation in the absence of magnetic particles. This could be related with the increase of biocompatibility of NDDS due to the great affinity for the polar extracelullar matrix in the skin and also for the increase in the drug partition inside of corneocites wall.     

Development and validation of a high‐performance liquid chromatography method for the simultaneous determination of aspirin and folic acid from nano‐particulate systems

Attention has shifted from the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) to chemoprevention using aspirin and folic acid as agents capable of preventing the onset of colon cancer. However, no sensitive analytical method exists to simultaneously quantify the two drugs when released from polymer‐based nanoparticles. Thus, a rapid, highly sensitive method of high‐performance liquid chromatography analysis to simultaneously detect low quantities of aspirin (hydrolyzed to salicylic acid, the active moiety) and folic acid released from biodegradable polylactide‐co‐glycolide (PLGA) copolymer nanoparticles was developed. Analysis was done on a reversed‐phase C₁₈ column using a photodiode array detector at wavelengths of 233 nm (salicylic acid) and 277 nm (folic acid). The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile–0.1% trifluoroacetic acid mixture programmed for a 30 min gradient elution analysis. In the range of 0.1–100 μg/mL, the assay showed good linearity for salicylic acid (R² = 0.9996) and folic acid (R² = 0.9998). The method demonstrated good reproducibility, intra‐ and inter‐day precision and accuracy (99.67, 100.1%) and low values of detection (0.03, 0.01 μg/mL) and quantitation (0.1 and 0.05 μg/mL) for salicylic acid and folic acid, respectively. The suitability of the method was demonstrated by simultaneously determining salicylic acid and folic acid released from PLGA nanoparticles. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.