位置社交网络的潜在好友推荐模型研究

为了提高位置社交网络的服务便捷性和用户感受度,与位置相关的推荐服务越来越具有重要意义和应用需求.提出的潜在好友推荐模型主要是根据签到位置的相似度及好友相似度进行潜在用户推荐.通过用户的好友关系、签到特性及签到历史记录,计算用户在各个位置兴趣点的位置权重,再分别利用位置权重及好友关系计算用户的位置相似度和好友相似度,最后根据用户位置和好友关系的综合相似度进行潜在用户推荐.实验结果表明,提出的潜在好友推荐模型是切实有效的.     

点源离焦图像位相复原方法

为了实现利用点源传递函数测试仪器在测量可见光镜头光学传递函数的同时测出镜头出瞳的波前,采用了一种基于点源目标离焦图像的位相复原算法.该方法无需改变点源传递函数测试仪器的硬件设置,直接利用在传递函数测试过程中,通过改变位于镜头后焦面附近的显微镜与CCD的位置所采集的多幅离焦图像及改进的GS算法实现离焦面与镜头出瞳面光场的...     

基于两时相图像联合分类的SAR图像变化检测

传统分类后比较法(post-classification comparison,PCC)存在分类累积误差问题,且对单幅图像分类精度要求较高,对此,根据不同时相图像的不变信息所具有的相关性,提出了一种基于两时相图像联合分类的SAR图像变化检测方法.该方法以灰度值作为输入信息,通过相似度计算可得两时相图像对应位置像素的灰度相似度,然后求解全局相似度阈值,并用于控制基于K-均值的联合分类器对两时相图像进行联合分类,最后通过类别比较获得变化检测结果.实验结果表明本文方法不但可提高单幅图像的分类精度,而且能够精确地把不同时相图像的不变地物信息划分为同一类别,减少了分类累积误差的影响,提高了变化检测性能.     

基于特征子图的异构信息网络节点相似性度量

为解决异构信息网络相似性度量的问题,提出了基于节点特征子图的节点相似性度量算法,通过节点特征子图的最大公共子图与最小公共超图之间的差异性,进行节点间的相似性度量.该算法以图理论为基础,根据连边的不同类型设定不同权值,在考虑节点信息相似的同时,加入节点在网络中的结构信息,最大程度地利用了异构信息网络所富含的信息.实验结果表明,提出的算法具有较好的性能和有效性.     

Integrated Access to Genomic and Other Bioinformation: An Essential Ingredient of the Drug Discovery Process

Abstract

Due to the high rate of data production and the need of researchers to have rapid access to new data, public databases have become the major medium through which genome mapping and sequencing data as well as macromolecular structural data are published. There are now more than 250 databases of biomolecular, structural, genetic, or phenotypic data, many of which are doubling in size annually. These databases, many of which were created and are maintained by experimentalists for their own research use, provide valuable collections of organized, validated data. However, the very number and diversity of databases now make efficient data resource discovery as important as effective data resource use. Existing autonomous biological databases contain related data which are more valuable when interconnected than when isolated. Political and scientific realities dictate that these databases will be built by different teams, in different locations, for different purposes, and using different data models and supporting DBMSs. As a consequence, connecting the related data they contain is not straightforward. Experience with existing biological databases indicates that it is possible to form useful queries across these databases, but that doing so usually requires expertise in the semantic structure of each source database. Advancing to the next level of integration among biological information resources poses significant technical and sociological challenges.     

Avoiding problems with hydrogen misplacement in reporting crystal structures

Intermolecular hydrogen bonding is an integral part of many crystal structures. Hydrogen bonding sometimes results in one‐, two‐ or three‐dimensional supramolecular assemblies, a common feature of which is positional disorder of H atoms related to space‐group symmetry. Yet some reported structures fail to include all possible donor–acceptor close contacts, or to seek H‐atom electron densities associated with apparent D—H...A trios, while some H‐atom positions violate principles of chemistry or crystal physics. Modern diffraction equipment and sophisticated computing systems provide high‐quality data; thus, failure to characterize and report fully an accurate, complete and physically correct hydrogen‐bonding model should not be acceptable. We illustrate the relevant issues with three published examples in the hope of slowing the proliferation of these problems, with the scientifically desirable goal of improving the accuracy of crystallographic models while also providing improved search keys for information retrieval.     

Determination of Brain Tissue Samples Storage Conditions for Reproducible Intraoperative Lipid Profiling

Ex-vivo molecular profiling has recently emerged as a promising method for intraoperative tissue identification, especially in neurosurgery. The short-term storage of resected samples at room temperature is proposed to have negligible influence on the lipid molecular profiles. However, a detailed investigation of short-term molecular profile stability is required to implement molecular profiling in a clinic. This study evaluates the effect of storage media, temperature, and washing solution to determine conditions that provide stable and reproducible molecular profiles, with the help of ambient ionization mass spectrometry using rat cerebral cortex as model brain tissue samples. Utilizing normal saline for sample storage and washing media shows a positive effect on the reproducibility of the spectra; however, the refrigeration shows a negligible effect on the spectral similarity. Thus, it was demonstrated that up to hour-long storage in normal saline, even at room temperature, ensures the acquisition of representative molecular profiles using ambient ionization mass spectrometry.