Influence of Phytochemical Reductive Capacity on Ultraviolet–visible Spectroscopic Behavior of Silver Nanoparticles

ABSTRACT

A widely used method for obtaining silver nanoparticles uses plant extracts for reduction because of the presence of phytochemicals such as terpenoids, tannins, and flavonoids. Extracts of Flores sambuci, Hypericum perforatum, Lavandula angustifolia, Origanum vulgare, Rosmarinus officinalis, and Salvia officinalis were used for generating silver nanoparticles. The ultraviolet–visible spectra of silver nanoparticle solutions were correlated with variations of phytochemical characteristics to evaluate the plant extracts. These parameters were the antioxidant activity, total flavonoids, total tannins, total terpenoids, and total phenolics. Correlations between measurements of extracts’ phytoreductive characteristics were explained using Pearson coefficients. The results showed medium linear positive correlations for total tannins with the spectra of silver nanoparticle solutions. The antioxidant activity and total terpenoids presented medium linear negative correlations. Pearson coefficients between total phenolics and relative areas from ultraviolet–visible spectra from 350 to 600?nm were close to zero indicating no linear correlation.     

Syntheses,Characterizations, and Crystal Structures of Two Binuclear Silver Complexes Based on O,O'-Dialkyldithiophosphate and 1,10-Phenanthroline

Two binuclear silver complexes, [Ag2{μ-S2P(OCH2Ph)2}2(phen)2](1) and [Ag2{μ-S2P(OCH2CH2Ph)2}2(phen)2](2), were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectrum, thermo-gravimetric analysis and X-ray single-crystal diffraction. Complex 1 crystallizes in the triclinic system, space group P1 with a = 9.7881(4), b = 10.7726(4), c = 13.1952(6) , a= 103.686(4), γ = 99.477(3), γ = 107.494(4)°, V = 1246.88(9) 3, Dc = 1.591 g·m-3 and Z = 1; Complex 2 is of monoclinic system, space group P21/n with a = 10.6014(8), b = 24.3969(15), c = 11.5353(10) , β = 14.125(10)°, V = 2722.9(4) 3, Dc = 1.526 g·m-3 and Z = 2. In the molecules of 1 and 2, O,O'-dialkyldithiophosphate anions,(PhCH2O)PS2- and(PhCH2CH2O)PS2- act as bridging ligands and connect two Ag(I) centers into a binuclear unit with Ag2S4P2 eight-membered rings in "chair" conformations. In both crystal structures, face-to-face π-π stacking interactions between the adjacent paralleling aromatic rings of 1,10-phenanthroline play a prominent role in the crystal packing and result in a 1D chain. And such 1D chains are further linked into 3D networks by weak intermolecular C–H···π interactions for 1.     

沉淀剂和Ag含量变化对甲醛降解性能的影响

采用不同沉淀剂制备CeO₂-Co₃O₄复合金属氧化物载体,通过浸渍负载不同含量Ag获得Ag/CeO₂-Co₃O₄催化剂.借助氮气物理吸附、XRD、Raman和H₂-TPR等手段研究了催化剂的物理化学性质.结果表明：当WHSV=30 000 mL·g^-1·h^-1时,催化剂能表现出良好的催化氧化甲醛性能,在≤ 90℃时实现甲醛的完全转化.草酸沉淀能有效降低Ce-Co氧化物的结晶度,使得Co²⁺含量增加,提供更多的氧空位,促进了氧分子的活化与迁移,从而提高了催化活性.随着Ag含量增加,使得由草酸沉淀制备的Ag/CeO₂-Co₃O₄催化剂的活性增强,且金属与载体间的相互作用也增强,当Ag负载量为1%（重量百分比）时活性最佳.     

“金属的电化学腐蚀”教学设计创新

以学科理解为基础,注重创设真实的教学情境,创新实验设计,使学生在探究暖贴发热原理和钢铁腐蚀原理的过程中获得金属电化学腐蚀的知识,拓展认知结构,学习科学方法,发展科学探究能力。     

氯化银立方体微晶乳剂和{100}面扁平微晶乳剂的甲酸盐掺杂增感

将甲酸盐掺杂在乳剂微晶不同位置处,制备成氯化银立方体微晶乳剂和{100}面扁平微晶乳剂.实验发现:作为正空穴捕获剂,适当计量的甲酸盐在不增加乳剂灰雾的前提下,可使上述乳剂的感光度提升3—8倍.甲酸盐在两种晶形乳剂的不同位置掺杂的研究结果显示,甲酸盐均匀掺杂可比表面掺杂获得更高的感光度.在两种乳剂中甲酸盐掺杂增感都可与其后的硫增感、硫加金增感以及光谱增感协同作用,进一步提升乳剂的感光性能.     

Synthesis,characterization, and application of silver nanoparticle‐thiophenol nanocomposite film on the glassy carbon surface

In this study, 4‐thiophenol modified glassy carbon electrode was prepared by the reduction of 4‐diazothiophenol tetrafluoroborate salt. Silver nanoparticles were attached to the thiophenol modified surface to prepare a thiophenol‐silver nanoparticle composite film. 4‐Aminothiopenol molecules were deposited by self‐assembling technique to form multi‐layered nanofilms of TP/SNP/PhNH₂ on glassy carbon substrate. These surfaces were characterized by cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, reflectance‐absorption infrared spectroscopy, and ellipsometry at each multilayer film growth process. Atomic force microscopic images of GC/TP/SNP/PhNH₂ surfaces were also acquired. The characterization methods show that the amine group containing surface permits the subsequent modification by a variety of coupling reactions for the immobilization of more complex systems. An application of the electrode modification for the determination of uric acid with a significantly lower detection limit is described. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Ag@AgBr光催化剂的制备及其可见光催化降解亚甲基蓝反应性能

采用沉积-沉淀及光还原法制备了Ag@AgBr等离子体光催化剂,利用X射线衍射、扫描电镜和紫外-可见漫反射光谱对其进行了表征,并考察了该等离子体光催化剂在可见光(λ420nm)下的催化性能,探讨了催化剂用量、pH值、亚甲基蓝初始浓度、H2O2添加量、循环使用及捕获剂对Ag@AgBr催化性能的影响.结果表明,当亚甲基蓝的初始浓度为10mg/L,催化剂用量为1g/L,pH=9.8时,光照12min后,亚甲基蓝的降解率高达96%,且样品经5次循环使用后活性基本保持不变;而少量H2O2的添加对光催化活性影响不大,过量的H2O2会降低光催化活性;乙二胺四乙酸捕获空穴后比异丙醇捕获·OH后的光催化活性降得更低.同时,对Ag@AgBr等离子体光催化剂可见光降解亚甲基蓝的催化机理进行了分析.     

硅电极/溶液界面开路电位-时间谱和原子力显微镜在化学镀Ag中的应用研究

用开路电位-时间谱技术,表征了在硅（100）表面化学镀银的硅电极/溶液界 面吸附态。所得结果与原子力显微镜在纳米尺寸上的面结构信息分析结果作了对比 。同时也将该结果与循环伏安法（CV）结果作了比较。证明当硅电极表面具有单层 吸附Ag~+离子、表面单层吸附Ag~+离子发生沉积反应、Ag~+离子发生本体沉积时的 开路电位-时间曲线有完全不同的特征。     

颗粒内部的碘离子对碘溴化银微晶照相性能的影响

本文研究了用连体四角锥碘化银为晶核制备类似于四面体碘溴化银微晶和用六方角锥碘化银为晶核制备片状碘溴化银微晶的方法,并对两种不同微晶的结构,形态和性能进行了比较和分析.     

聚乙二醇类表面活性剂对硅表面无电沉积Ag膜光滑作用研究

应用原子力显微镜技术及开路电位～时间谱技术,研究了非离子表面活性剂聚乙二醇2000,6000,20000对硅(100)表面无电沉积银膜的光滑作用.实验表明硅(100)表面无电沉积银的光滑程度以及镀层的质量均随聚乙二醇聚合度的增加而变好.