Analytical investigations of poly(acrylic acid) coatings electrodeposited on titanium-based implants: a versatile approach to biocompatibility enhancement

A polyacrylic acid film was synthesized on titanium substrates from aqueous solutions via an electroreductive process for the first time. This work was done in order to develop a versatile coating for titanium-based orthopaedic implants that acts as both an effective bioactive surface and an effective anti-corrosion barrier. The chemical structure of the PAA coating was investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to evaluate the effect of annealing treatment on the morphology of the coatings in terms of their uniformity and porosity. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used to measure ion concentrations in ion release tests performed on Ti-6Al-4V sheets modified with PAA coatings (annealed and unannealed). Results indicate that the annealing process produces coatings that possess considerable anti-corrosion performance. Moreover, the availability and the reactivity of the surface carboxylic groups were exploited in order to graft biological molecules onto the PAA-modified titanium implants. The feasibility of the grafting reaction was tested using a single aminoacid residue. A fluorinated aminoacid was selected, and the grafting reaction was monitored both by XPS, using fluorine as a marker element, and via quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) measurements. The success of the grafting reaction opens the door to the synthesis of a wide variety of PAA-based coatings that are functionalized with selected bioactive molecules and promote positive reactions with the biological system interfacing the implant while considerably reducing ion release into surrounding tissues. Figure Vanadium release from bare Ti-6Al-4V sheets compared with the release from sheets coated with annealed and unannealed electrosynthesised PAA Dedicated to Professor P.G. Zambonin on the occasion of his 72nd birthday.     

复杂阴极保护体系三维有限元建模研究

滨海电厂常以天然海水作冷却水,其碳钢水室和钛管凝汽器在实施阴极保护过程中,要求钢电位应低于-0.85V(vs.SCE),电位过正则碳钢保护不足,而钛的电位则须高于-0.75V(vs.SCE),电位过负则易使钛管发生氢脆损伤.研究牺牲阳极阴极保护,需先得出两种金属在阴极保护过程中的电位分布.本文在设计室建立碳钢水室钛管模型,根据该实验体系阴极保护过程的(稳态极化和恒电流极化)测定获得两种金属有效的边界条件,用有限元(FEM)计算在一个牺牲阳极阴极保护状态得到三维电位分布.计算结果和测量结果基本一致,为优化阴极保护设计提供了理论依据.     

军校大学化学创新实验课:VCI技术在装备储存中的应用

将经过实际应用验证的科研成果--气相缓蚀技术设计成军队院校开设的大学化学课程实验。该实验涉及武器装备存储中的问题与需求和气相缓蚀技术的工作原理、优势以及配方筛选基本原则,并介绍了该实验的具体课堂实施环节。通过本实验的开设,期望达到预定的各层次教学目标,提高军校人才培养质量。     

钒酸铋黄色颜料的制备——推荐一个无机化学教学实验

该实验以Bi(NO_3)_3和NH_4VO_3为原料,采用液相沉淀法,制备钒酸铋黄色颜料。学生通过控制反应物初始浓度、溶液pH、温度与时间等条件制备分散性良好、颗粒细小、组成均匀的钒酸铋。实验涉及溶液配制、加热搅拌、简易回流、控温、调pH、检验、抽滤、洗涤、干燥等操作。钒酸铋是一种绿色环保的黄色颜料,且具有降解污染物的光催化性能,因此,该实验不仅对于提高学生无机制备实验能力具有很好的教学效果,还在实验教学中渗透了环保理念。     

光催化研究与发展的文献计量分析

对ＣＡ１９６１－１９９６年期间卷双期号期刊中收录的与光催化有关的各种文献进行了详细的统计,结果表明,光催化研究正处于快速的发展期,以消除环境污染为目的应用研究是该快速发展期中的主题,日本,美国,俄罗斯和中国发表文献量居世界前４位。     

Cardiorenal Protective Effect of Costunolide against Doxorubicin-Induced Toxicity in Rats by Modulating Oxidative Stress,Inflammation and Apoptosis

Doxorubicin (DXB) is one of the most commonly used anticancer agents for treating solid and hematological malignancies; however, DXB-induced cardiorenal toxicity presents a limiting factor to its clinical usefulness in cancer patients. Costunolide (COST) is a naturally occurring sesquiterpene lactone with excellent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties. This study evaluated the effect of COST on DXB-induced cardiorenal toxicity in rats. Rats were orally treated with COST for 4 weeks and received weekly 5 mg/kg doses of DXB for three weeks. Cardiorenal biochemical biomarkers, lipid profile, oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines, histological and immunohistochemical analyses were evaluated. DXB-treated rats displayed significantly increased levels of lipid profiles, markers of cardiorenal dysfunction (aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, troponin T, blood urea nitrogen, uric acid and creatinine). In addition, DXB markedly upregulated cardiorenal malondialdehyde, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 levels and decreased glutathione, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities. COST treatment significantly attenuated the aforementioned alterations induced by DXB. Furthermore, histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses revealed that COST ameliorated the histopathological features and reduced p53 and myeloperoxidase expression in the treated rats. These results suggest that COST exhibits cardiorenal protective effects against DXB-induced injury presumably via suppression of oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis.     

提升化学学科核心素养的高中化学教学——以“金属的防护”为例

针对人教版选修1《化学反应原理》第4章第3节“金属的腐蚀与防护”课时2“金属的防护”进行教学实践探索,融合STEM教育理念促进知识与社会生活结合。选用任务情境“家用电热水器碳钢内胆防腐”,通过实验探究构建起电化学防护的认知模型,再将模型应用于实际生产生活问题的解决,进行热水器内胆的防腐设计。在真实情境问题的解决中,将知识、方法、应用等3者融合,培养学生的问题意识和创新思维,逐步内化并表现出化学学科核心素养。     

消防阻燃中的化学知识与应用

本文结合阻燃科学技术,对阻燃剂及其应用、阻燃剂处理方法及加工技术、防火涂料、防火板和防火液的基本原理与加工技术中所蕴含和运用的化学知识和原理进行系统归纳和整理,以期加强消防专业化学教学的针对性和实用性,激发消防专业学生学习化学的兴趣,同时为其他化学教学提供实践教学案例。     

油田清垢剂研究进展

油田清垢剂是使用化学方法清除油田生产过程中生成吸附于设备表面、地层的垢的药剂。本文总结了影响油田结垢的主要因素,综述了近十年油田清垢剂的主要清垢类型及各自的优缺点,对各种新型油田清垢剂的清垢类型、清垢效果及存在的主要问题进行了分析介绍,展望了油田清垢剂未来的研究方向和发展前景。     

Fabrication of extreme wettability patterns with water-film protection for organic liquids

Selective fabrication of superhydrophilic (S-philic) region on a superhydrophobic (S-phobic) surface requires complex technology and high cost, which has limited applications of extreme wettability patterns. In this paper, a twice-chemical-etching approach without special modification is used to prepare the extreme wettability patterns. Superhydrophobicity and superhydrophilicity can be successfully achieved after twice chemical etching for 20 seconds. The obtained patterns can maintain their extreme wettability for at least 30 days. Functional platforms with single-S-philic and multi-S-philic regions are fabricated to manipulate water and various organic liquids with water-film protection in an air environment.