Modeling of pair distribution functions for XAFS in disordered systems

A commonly used expression for modeling the XAFS of highly disordered systems is shown to generate substantial systematic errors in the coordination number in many cases of practical interest. This expression is corrected and generalized. Further, a simpler and more flexible model distribution is proposed, and the corresponding XAFS expression is derived. Comparison with experimental and simulated data show that the new expressions are useful in cases of high disorder for which the cumulant expansion loses its utility, and they explicitly account for the k-dependence of the mean free path.     

飞秒激光辐照Tm:YAG晶体的紫外发光研究(英文)

本文报道了室温下飞秒激光辐照Tm∶YAG晶体的紫外光上转换荧光。Tm3+荧光的强度与泵浦光的功率之间的依赖关系揭示了晶体的上转换过程由三光子吸收过程所主导。研究表明上能级粒子的增加来自于Tm3+吸收一个泵浦光子跃迁到3H4能级后再吸收两个泵浦光子,然后离子跃迁至下能级产生上转换荧光。     

高效太阳能电池

设计了一种可提高太阳能电池吸收太阳光的效率和有效存储能量的方法和装置.介绍了太阳能电池的伏安特性和法拉电容的充放电特性.该装置通过凹面镜实现太阳光的双面吸收,并以法拉电容存储太阳能.和传统单面受光电池以及用蓄电池储电相比,该装置太阳光吸收效率高、法拉电容充电时间快、放电电流大,可广泛适用于路灯及楼道灯照明等领域.     

激光测速系统中驱动电路的研究

激光测速技术的主要方法有脉冲法和相位法。由于激光相位法测速系统设计复杂,成本较高,因此只考虑脉冲法激光测速。针对脉冲法激光测速,提出了两种易于实现的脉冲驱动电路的设计方法,方法一基于555振荡电路和CPLD,主要利用了CPLD的逻辑延时;方法二完全基于CPLD的逻辑实现。逻辑分析和仿真结果证明,两种方法都可以驱动激光器工作,产生的驱动脉冲的频率和脉宽均可调节。     

动态红外景像仿真技术综述及帕尔贴效应的应用

在进行红外探测系统测试和评估经常使用红外动态景像仿真系统,随着红外探测技术的发展,红外动态景像仿真系统的性能也亟待提高.首先介绍了目前红外动态景像仿真系统的相关技术要求,然后介绍了悬浮薄膜电阻阵列、红外液晶光阀、薄膜黑体腔和激光二极管阵列这4种典型器件的工作原理及其优缺点;提出了一种基于帕尔贴效应的红外动态景像仿真技术,并对其进行了理论分析,指出该技术具有动态范围大、帧频高、分辨率高、均匀性好、双向仿真的优点.     

新型多功能矿用危险气体传感器的研究

基于CH4气体的吸收光谱特性,采用开腔气室结构及单光束多波长探测技术,研制出一种多种功能矿用危险气体传感器.与商用的各种CH4传感器相比,它除了具有测量范围宽、精度高及响应快等常规特点外,还能进行多组气体组分含量的测量,且能对所测气体的爆炸性和危险度进行分析.     

分布式电极连续面型微变形反射镜力电耦合特性分析

针对基于MEMS技术制造的连续面型薄膜微变形反射镜,从薄膜理论出发对其力电耦合变形特性进行理论分析,导出了镜面变形表达式。利用该式及响应频率表达式,定量分析了镜面相关尺寸参数对变形量的关系,为变形镜的结构设计提供了可靠的理论依据。结果表明,当镜面厚度为1 μm且与驱动电极间距20 μm时,对控制电压不超过120 V,响应频率大于50 kHz的应用场合,变形镜镜面半径应在2.1～13.8 mm之间进行选择。仿真结果显示,驱动电压较小时,镜面变形与驱动电压平方近似成线性关系。     

Optical and fluorescence spectroscopy of Eu2O3-doped P2O5-K2O-KF-MO-Al2O3 (M = Mg, Sr and Ba) glasses

Fluorophosphate glasses of composition, P₂O₅ + K₂O + KF + MO + Al₂O₃ + xEu₂O₃ (M = Mg, Sr and Ba; x = 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 and 6.0 mol%) were prepared and characterized their optical properties. Crystal-field (CF) analysis revealed a relatively weak CF strength around Eu³⁺ ions in the Ba based fluorophosphate glasses. The Judd-Ofelt parameters have been estimated from the oscillator strengths of ⁷F₀ → ⁵D₂, ⁷F₀ → ⁵D₄ and ⁷F₀ → ⁵L₆ absorption transitions of Eu³⁺ ions and were used to evaluate the radiative properties of the ⁵D₀ → ⁷F_J (J = 0-4) transitions. Considerable variation has been observed in the relative intensity ratio of ⁵D₀ → ⁷F₂ to ⁵D₀ → ⁷F₁ transitions of Eu³⁺ ions due to change in the alkaline earth metal ions. The decay of the ⁵D₀ level shows single exponential and less sensitive to Eu³⁺ ions concentration as well as MgO/SrO/BaO modifiers.     

Multilayer dielectric cylindrical mirrors based on omnidirectional reflection from a one-dimensional photonic crystal

A multilayer dielectric cylindrical mirror (MDCM) based on the one-dimensional omnidirectional reflection of a photonic crystal is presented. In this case, the refractive indices of the two materials are 1.6 (polystyrene) and 4.6 (tellurium), and the corresponding optimized thicknesses are 0.75a and 0.25a. A very high reflectance over a wide frequency range is observed. In this case, a is the lattice constant of the photonic crystal. In this band, the MDCM has good reflection and focal properties. Therefore, it is feasible to use the MDCM for integrated waveguide devices. As an example, an etched diffraction grating demultiplexer based on the MDCM is also proposed. Both the operational principle and design of the device are introduced. This provides a method for designing compact integrated waveguide devices.     

1 064 nm高反射薄膜激光损伤阈值测量方法

参照国际上对激光损伤阈值不同测量技术建立起来的相应检测规范和标准,分别采用1-on-1,S-on-1,R-on-1和光栅扫描共4种测量方式,在1 064 nm波长下对HfO2/SiO2周期性高反射薄膜进行了激光损伤阈值的测量研究。根据测量结果,比较并分析了这4种测量方式之间的差异,重点研究了R-on-1和光栅扫描测量方式中存在的激光预处理效应对薄膜损伤阈值的影响,以及辐照激光光斑尺寸与损伤阈值之间的联系,并讨论了光栅扫描方式中预处理效应与扫描间距和扫描能量密度梯度的关系。研究表明：R-on-1方式下测得的损伤阈值最高,光栅扫描和1-on-1次之,S-on-1最小;1 000个脉冲激光辐照下的累积效应不显著,并且在激光光斑尺寸的差异较小时,阈值与光斑尺寸的对应关系并不明显;光斑尺寸相同时,扫描光斑的间距越小,激光预处理效果越好。