一种用于强激光系统的高比能脉冲电容器

为了满足“神光-Ⅲ”原型装置能源系统的需要,桂林金属膜电容器厂研制成功一种高比能脉冲电容器,其尺寸为295 mm×138 mm×730(830) mm,额定电压25 kV,额定电容及偏差为55 μF,0~5 %,损耗角正切值(2.5 kV,50 Hz)小于 0.1%,比能达0.56 J/cm3 。对该型电容器进行性能测试,所得电容偏差都在2%~5%范围,损失角正切值小于0.05%;极间耐压试验全部通过,极-地耐压试验全部通过。寿命试验中,放电电流5 kA,1×104次充放电后,电容量下降1.8%。该型电容器目前已投入运行,工作情况良好。     

域内自愈路由研究综述

 路由的自愈性是指在网络故障发生后,路由系统能够自动恢复或重建路由,保证分组转发不受影响的能力.虽然目前的域内路由协议都具备一定的自愈能力,但是它们的自愈时间通常在几秒到上百秒之间,难以完全满足用户的需求.在自愈过程中,网络路由可能是错误的,甚至会出现"路由黑洞"或"路由环路",导致分组丢失,影响网络应用.为了解决这个问题,研究者设计了很多域内自愈路由方案.本文在总结和分析了当前域内自愈路由的问题后,提出了自愈路由模型,依据模型将这些方案分成五类:调整设置权值、限制洪泛、快速重路由、多路径和本地重路由.在分析每类中典型算法的基础上,总结对比了各类方案的特点,详细分析了算法的有效性.最后探讨了域内自愈路由研究中需要进一步考虑的问题.     

Electrospun N‐Substituted Polyurethane Membranes with Self‐Healing Ability for Self‐Cleaning and Oil/Water Separation

Membranes with special functionalities, such as self‐cleaning, especially those for oil/water separation, have attracted much attention due to their wide applications. However, they are difficult to recycle and reuse after being damaged. Herein, we put forward a new N‐substituted polyurethane membrane concept with self‐healing ability to address this challenge. The membrane obtained by electrospinning has a self‐cleaning surface with an excellent self‐healing ability. Importantly, by tuning the membrane composition, the membrane exhibits different wettability for effective separation of oil/water mixtures and water‐in‐oil emulsions, whilst still displaying a self‐healing ability and durability against damage. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to demonstrate a self‐healing membrane for oil/water separation, which provides the fundamental research for the development of advanced oil/water separation materials.     

DCC开销交叉技术在光传输网络中的应用

提出了一种利用DCC开销交叉技术建立DCC的解决方案,介绍了该方案的技术原理和实现途径,最后对该技术进行了测试验证,试验结果表明该技术方案是正确可行的。     

波分复用技术及其在通信中的应用

波分复用 ( WDM)技术以其优异特征成为对现有光纤传输系统进行扩容、升级改造及建设新的高速、大容量通信网络的优选技术方案。文中阐述了它的主要技术特点 ,着重论述了它在通信领域中的应用 :长途通信干线传输、区域网、接入网等 ,并对 WDM技术的未来发展和应用进行了分析与展望。     

Printing-Induced Alignment Network Design of Polymer Matrix for Stretchable Perovskite Solar Cells with Over 20% Efficiency

Polymer matrix is felicitously applied into the active layer and transporting layer of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) to enable a stretchable function. However, the chaotic deposition of polymer chains is the main cause for the inferior photoelectric performance. When the stretchable PSCs are in a working state, the stress cannot be removed effectively due to the random polymer chain deposition. The stress accumulation will cause irreversible damage to the stretchable PSCs. Herein, the structural bionics and patterned-meniscus coating technology are combined to print the polymer chain-oriented deposition in the stretchable PSCs. Based on this approach, the conducting polymer electrode is printed with both significant mechanical stability and conductivity. More importantly, the oriented polyurethane with self-healing property can enhance the crystal quality of perovskite films and repair perovskite cracks caused by stress destruction. Thus, the corresponding stretchable PSCs achieve a stabilized power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 20.04% (1.0 cm²) and 16.47% (9 cm²) with minor efficiency discrepancy. Notably, the stretchable PSCs can maintain 86% of the primitive PCE after 1000 cycles of bending with a stretch ratio of 30%. This directional growth of polymer chain strategy provides guidance for printing prominent-performance stretchable PSCs.     

Self-Healable Spider Dragline Silk Materials

Developing materials with structural flexibility that permits self-repair in response to external disturbances remains challenging. Spider silk, which combines an exceptional blend of strength and pliability in nature, serves as an ideal dynamic model for adaptive performance design. In this work, a novel self-healing material is generated using spider silk. Dragline silk from spider Nephila pilipes is demonstrated with extraordinary in situ self-repair property through a constructed thin film format, surpassing that of two other silks from spider Cyrtophora moluccensis and silkworm Bombyx mori. Subsequently, R2, a key spidroin associated with self-healing, is biosynthesized, with validated cohesiveness. R2 is further programmed with tunable healability (permanent and reversible) and conductivity (graphene doping; R2G) for electronics applications. In the first demonstration, film strips from R2 and R2G are woven manually into multidimensional (1D-3D) conductive fabrics for creating repairable logic gate circuits. In the second example, a reversibly-healable R2/R2G strip is fabricated as a re-configurable wearable ring probe to fit fingertips of varying widths while retaining its detecting capabilities. Such a prototype displays a unique conformable wearable technology. Last, the remarkable finding of self-healing in spider silk can offer a new material paradigm for developing future adaptive biomaterials with tailored performance and environmental sustainability.     

Self-Healing Photochromic Elastomer Composites for Wearable UV-Sensors (Adv. Funct. Mater. 20/2023)

Photochromic materials have recently received strong interest for the development of wearable ultraviolet (UV) detection technologies because they do not require electronic components, resulting in systems and devices that change color upon irradiation. However, their implementation in wearable technology has lightweight, compliance, and durability (especially under mechanical stress) requirements that are limited by the materials’ properties. Here, a self-healing photochromic elastomer composite (photoPUSH) consisting of phosphomolybdic acid (PMA) in a self-healing polyurethane dynamic network with reversible disulfide bonds (PUSH) is presented. The unique properties of the dynamic polymer matrix enable multiple complementary functions in the UV-sensing composite: i) photochromism via electron donor groups without requiring additional dopants, ii) stretchability and durability via elastomeric properties, iii) healing of extreme mechanical damage via dynamic bonds, and iv) multimaterial integration via adhesive properties. PhotoPUSH composites exhibit excellent durability, tunable sensing range, and no loss of performance under mechanical stress and severe damage, as well as in underwater environments (waterproof). Leveraging these properties, soft, portable, multimaterial photoPUSH-based UV-sensing devices are developed for applications in environmental monitoring, packaging, and healthcare wearable technology (including skin-mounted, textile-mounted, and wristband devices) in challenging environments and tunable to different skin types.     

Degradable Self-healable Networks for Use in Biomedical Applications

Among biomaterials, 3D networks with capacities to absorb and retain large quantities of water (hydrogels) or withstand significant deformation and stress while recovering their initial structures at rest (elastomers) are largely used in biomedical applications. However, when damaged, they cannot recover their initial structures and properties. To overcome this limitation and satisfy the requirements of the biomedical field, self-healable hydrogels and elastomers designed using (bio)degradable or bioeliminable polymer chains have been developed and are becoming increasingly popular. This review presents the latest advances in the field of self-healing degradable/bioeliminable networks designed for use in health applications. The strategies used to develop such networks based on reversible covalent or physical cross-linking or their combination via dual/multi-cross-linking approaches are analyzed in detail. The key parameters of these hydrogels and elastomers, such as mechanical properties, repair and degradation times, and healing efficiencies, are critically considered in terms of their suitabilities in biomedical applications. Finally, their current and prospective uses as biomaterials in the fields of tissue engineering, drug/cell delivery, and medical devices are presented, followed by the remaining challenges faced to ensure the further success of degradable self-healable networks.     

Two-Dimensional Material-Enhanced Flexible and Self-Healable Photodetector for Large-Area Photodetection

Flexible photodetectors are fundamental elements to develop flexible/wearable systems, which can be widely used for in situ health and environmental monitoring, human–machine interacting, flexible displaying, etc. However, the degraded performance or even malfunction under severe mechanical deformation and/or damage remains a key challenge for current flexible photodetectors. In this article, a flexible photodetector is developed with strong self-healing capability and stable performance under large deformation. This photodetector is made of the 2D material self-healing film by mixing 2D materials homogenously with the self-healing polymer of imidazolium-based norbornene polymerized with ionic liquids and counterions. The 2D material self-healing films show enhanced light absorption, and thus, decent photoresponse as compared to the pure self-healing film. The achieved photoresponse remains stable and even increases under small tensile strain within 150%, while decreases slightly under large tensile strain up to 1000%. Moreover, the photodetector not only can be fully recovered from repeated mechanical cuttings, but also presents excellent long-term stability in ambient condition for 500 days without showing any obvious degraded performance. Furthermore, a large-area 2D material self-healing photodetection array is designed with adjustable pixel size, which successfully recognizes the patterns of “T”, “J”, and “U”.