局部偏最小二乘回归建模参数对近红外检测结果的影响研究

报道了在局部加权(LWR)回归方法基础上,自主改进的更简单、实用的局部偏最小二乘回归(LPLS)的原理和方法。并以云南优质烤烟为实验材料,在国产光栅漫反射型近红外仪器上,研究了主成分数以及局部建模样品数对检测结果的影响。结果表明：应用交叉验证方法推荐的尼古丁组分模型主成分数并不是最优,通过适当降低主成分数可提高检测效果;局部建模样品数为30～50个时总糖、总氮、尼古丁预测准确度的提高幅度可分别达7%,14%,10%以上。该方法能有效提高近红外数学模型的预测准确度,是建立具有高度适应性近红外数学模型的有效方法。     

基于彩色扫描仪的图像光谱重构

针对彩色扫描仪的特点,采用主元分析法(PCA)和反向传播(BP)人工神经网络(ANN)相结合的方法对图像光谱重构进行研究。选择IT8.7/2标准色卡作为训练样本,将该色卡中的另一组色靶作为检验样本以讨论不同网络结构以及不同主元数和训练样本数对光谱重构的影响,再以自然色系统(NCS)色卡为检验样本来分析不同种类的训练和检验样本与光谱重构性能的关系。实验结果表明,采用3-14-6网络结构和6个主元数是最佳选择,训练样本和扫描目标之间的一致性是基于彩色扫描仪图像光谱重构的关键所在。     

一种磁控管用扼流线圈仿真设计

采用电路仿真软件仿真滤波组件S参数曲线,观察曲线随器件参数的变化;介绍利用三维全波电磁仿真软件HFSS简化设计流程的方法,并与测试结果对比.结果 表明:利用3D仿真软件在满足器件设计精度的同时可以简化线圈的设计流程.     

Preparation and Performance of Thickened Liquids for Patients with Konjac Glucomannan-Mediated Dysphagia

The present study sought to characterize the rheological and thickening properties of Konjac glucomannan (KGM) and prepare thickening components for special medical purposes using KGM and maltodextrin as the primary raw materials and guar gum (GG), xanthan gum (XG), locust bean gum (LBG), and carrageenan (KC) as the supplemented materials. The formulation and preparation processes were optimized through single factor experiments taking sensory evaluation as an indicator. The results confirm that KGM had excellent thickening performance, reaching about 90 times its own mass. The optimal formulation process of the thickening components based on KGM was as follows: the mass concentration of the compound thickener (KGM/GG/XG/LBG/KC = 13:2:2:2:1) was 5.0–7.0 mg/mL; the maltodextrin concentration was 10.0 mg/mL; the brewing temperature of the thickening component was 60 °C with no restriction on consumption time. The rheology test results revealed that the thickening components had shear thinning characteristics, which could provide three different thickening effects of nectar-thick level (350 mPa·s), honey-thick level (1250 mPa·s), and pudding-thick level (1810 mPa·s) suitable for people with different degrees of chewing disorders. Overall, this study provides a theoretical basis and technical reference for KGM as a dietary nutrition support for patients with dysphagia.     

The Alleviating Effect of Lagerstroemia indica Flower Extract on Stretch Marks through Regulation of Mast Cells

Striae distensae (SD) or stretch marks are common linear scars of atrophic skin with disintegrating extracellular matrix (ECM) structures. Although fibroblasts contribute to the construction of ECM structure in SD, some studies have reported that mast cell degranulation causes the disruption of ECM in early SD lesions. Lagerstroemia indica flower (LIF) has traditionally been used in India as a diuretic. However, little is known about the effect and molecular action of Lagerstroemia indica flower extract (LIFE) on alleviating SD. This study evaluated the effects of LIFE on mast cell degranulation and the synthesis of ECM components in fibroblasts. LIFE inhibits the adhesion of rat basophilic leukemia (RBL) cells, RBL-2H3 on fibronectin (FN) and the expression of integrin, a receptor for FN, thereby reducing focal adhesion kinase (FAK) phosphorylation. In addition, LIFE attenuated the allergen-induced granules and cytokine interleukin 3 (IL-3) through the adhesion with FN. Moreover, the conditioned medium (CM) of activated mast cells decreases the synthesis of ECM components, and LIFE restores the abnormal expressions induced by activated mast cells. These results demonstrate that LIFE suppresses FN-induced mast cell activation and promotes the synthesis of ECM components in fibroblast, which indicates that LIFE may be a useful cosmetic agent for SD treatment.     

基于Gabor和PCA的面部图像识别方法

文中利用Gabor变换和PCA降维的优点,提出了Gabor+PCA的面部图像识别方法.该方法先提取图像的Gabor特征,然后将Gabor特征与原图像特征结合构成新的融合特征并用PCA降维,最后用KNN分类器分类.所提Gabor+PCA方法不仅能挖掘出图像的细节信息,而且拓宽了特征空间的维数.另外,Gabor+PCA方法...     

太赫兹成像技术对玉米种子的鉴定和识别

利用太赫兹时域光谱(THz_TDS)测试技术及透射式太赫兹逐点扫描成像技术分别对几种玉米种子DNA和胚的样品进行了光谱和成像测量;利用空间图样成份分析(component spatial pattern analysis)方法对得到的THz像进行识别运算。实验结果表明,几种样品在THz波段都有不同的吸收特性,但都没有明显的吸收峰,不能利用“特征指纹谱”进行识别。用基于THz扫描成像的空间图样成份分析方法能很好地实现不同玉米种子DNA样品的鉴定和识别。与现有的THz图像识别方法相比,这个方法只需要THz像的实验数据和样品的吸收谱信息,不需要样品的其它特征。这项研究为进一步利用THz成像技术实现无损检测、安全检查、质量监测等提供了依据,具有实际应用价值。     

光斜入射时偏振器作用的表述

对偏振器特性的分析表明,当光斜入射时,振动方向与偏振器透光轴不平行的光也能通过偏振器,只要该方向与系统光轴与透光轴构成的平面平行。提出了透光平面的概念。利用欧拉角表示光波坐标系和偏振器坐标系之间的变换,得到透过偏振器后偏振光的振动方向及其大小的数学表述,给出了简化表达式及其使用条件。表达式具有一般性,可以直接使用。     

动态光谱法对提高近红外无创血液成份检测精度的理论分析

近红外光谱无创血液成分检测因测量方法具有优越性,已经成为生物医学领域的研究热点之一.但除血氧以外,目前还没有进入临床应用的报道,其原因在于个体差异和测量条件对检测精度的影响.研究了一种不同于传统的新检测方法-动态光谱法可使测量精度提高.先从检测原理出发,研究了传统的近红外无创血液成分测量过程中产生误差、造成测量精度较低的因素;再分析了动态光谱法对这些因素的抑制或克服.从理论上得到了动态光谱法可以大大提高血液成分无创检测精度的结论,为基于光谱法的无创血液成分检测的临床应用提供了条件.     

一组新氨基酸描述子用于肽定量构效关系研究

用主成分分析从20种天然氨基酸0D～3D结构信息中收集到的共1369个描述子变量得到了一组新氨基酸描述子(SZOTT), 将其用于血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂和苦味二肽结构表征并以偏最小二乘法建立定量构效关系模型, 得复相关系数R_CU²分别为0.894和0.908, 留一法交互检验的复相关系数R_CV²分别为0.828和0.736, 估计均方根误差RMS分别为0.331和0.195. 研究结果表明, SZOTT描述子含信息量大, 操作简便, 结构表达能力强, 有望在多肽定量构效关系研究中得到进一步推广.