An empirical re-examination of natural resource scarcity and economic growth

This paper is concerned with the effect of natural resource scarcity on economic growth in the United States. After defining the notion of scarcity and introducing two measures of scarcity—unit costs and relative resource price—changes in resource scarcity trends for lead, zinc, nickel, aluminium, silver, iron and copper over the most recent three decades are investigated. Only for silver and iron is there any indication that such a change has occurred. For silver, the change is transitory. To the extent that change takes place, it has implications for future economic growth, i.e. natural resource scarcity and economic growth are interrelated. To see whether this is a relevant concern, subsequent to the examination of changing resource scarcity trends an objective effort is made to identify a long-run equilibrium relationship between natural resource scarcity and economic growth. Relying on cointegration techniques, only for the unit cost measure for lead and copper for one of the measures of cointegration is there a suggestion that natural resource scarcity has affected economic growth in the United States over the period 1889–1992.     

一种高效的基于可复制资源的分布式负载均衡策略

为了克服传统负载均衡策略的缺陷,本文提出了一种高效的基于可复制资源的分布式负载均衡策略.在传统负载均衡策略基础上,本文提出了将节点的资源负载分为内部、外部和转发负载,并且分别进行处理的策略;同时给出了该策略的模型.此外,本文提出了负载的方向性概念,并将它应用于负载均衡策略中.最后,分析及仿真结果证明,该策略能够有效的均衡负载,减小内部通信量,同时能够有效的抑制系统负载抖动.     

浅谈电信运营商的转型

随着中国电信集团转型口号的正式提出,一时间基础电信运营商的战略转型成为行业关注的热点问题.本文系统地分析了电信运营商转型的必要性和转型的方向,探讨了转型给电信运营商所带来的运营模式和竞争模式的改变等问题.本文认为电信运营商未来运营的核心将是运营一个资源系统,运营商所担当的角色不仅仅是管道提供商,更多的是一个产业链、价值链的管理者和协调者.对于价值链的核心环节,电信运营商必须牢牢控制,而对于非核心的或者辅助性的环节,大可放心地采取外包方式,让更为专业的独立第三方运营.     

面向集团客户信息化服务的移动运营体系分析

本文参照eTOM模型,从端到端的运营过程、面向集团客户的组织保障、面向集团客户的资源储备等几个方面,对移动运营商在信息运营时代面向集团客户的运营体系进行了初步的分析,旨在为向信息化转型中的移动运营商从流程、组织和资源开发等方面提供运营方面的一些参考建议.     

Investigation of uplink radio resource management schemes for multi-services in TDD-CDMA systems employing smart antennas

In this paper, a theoretical analysis of Time Division Duplex-Code Division Multiple Access （TDD-CDMA） uplink capacity constraint is presented when employing the smart antenna techniques. The evaluation formulations of capacity and load for multi-services are proposed. In order to maximize the throughput, the objective of optimization is proposed, and an advanced uplink resource management algorithm is developed. The proposed algorithm based on the least interference admission control scheme focuses on the maximum throughput for the circuit switched multi-services. The simulation results show that the proposed strategy has a significant improvement in throughput when the optimum admission control threshold is set.     

An efficient radio resource management strategy for adaptive OFDM cellular systems

This paper presents an efficient Radio Resource Management （RRM） strategy for adaptive Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing （OFDM） cellular systems. In the proposed strategy, only those users who have the same distance from their base stations can reuse a same subcarrier. This can guarantee the received Carrier-to-Interference ratio （C/I） of each subcarrier to be acceptable as required by system planning. Then by employing different modulation scheme on each subcarrier according to its received C/I, system spectral efficiency can be gracefully increased. Analytical and simulation results show that the spectral efficiency is improved by 40% without sacrificing the Bit Error Rate （BER） performance and call blocking probability and system capacity of the proposed strategy is better than conventional systems.     

家用插头插座的单一化研究

分析了家用插头插座使用中存在的问题,结合国外产品的使用情况,提出家用插头插座单一化的优点及其发展趋势,并论证了技术上的可行性。     

基于联合神经网络学习的中文电力计量命名实体识别

随着电力计量业务的不断扩展,迫切需要由业务信息、技术知识、行业标准及其内在联系所组成的电力计量知识图谱,为电网的决策和发展提供更为全面有效的支持。命名实体识别是构建知识图谱的基础。针对电力计量领域需要,结合中文分词技术特点,基于联合学习思想,提出了一种基于联合学习的中文电力计量命名实体识别技术。该技术联合CNN-BLSTM-CRF模型与整合词典知识的分词模型,使其共享实体类别和置信度;同时将2个模型的先后计算顺序改为并行计算,减少了识别误差累积。结果表明,在不需要人工构建特征的情况下,方法的正确率、召回率、F值等均显著优于以往方法。     

遥感技术在上海立体绿化调查与规划中的优点与局限分析

由于立体绿化对于改善城市环境具有明显效应,上海近些年来正在大力推广立体绿化。然而,立体绿化在调查与规划上面临着难以掌握现状和潜在资源的难题。在上海的应用中,使用高分辨率航空遥感影像有效解决了上述难题。实践结果表明,遥感技术具有较多优点,同时也存在一些局限性。对此进行了分析,并针对局限性提出了相关对策。     

氮掺杂碳原位锚定铜纳米颗粒用于高效氧还原反应催化剂

与贵金属铂基电化学氧还原反应（ORR）催化剂相比,廉价的非贵金属催化剂引起了广泛的关注。本文以壳聚糖作为一种富含氮和碳元素的生物质资源,利用碳浴法成功制备了氮掺杂碳原位负载铜纳米颗粒（Cu/N-C）催化剂。纯壳聚糖碳化得到的样品N-C的比表面积为67.5 m²·g^-1、平均孔径0.14 nm、平均孔体积8.00 m²·g^-1,与之相比,Cu/N-C比表面积可达607.3 m²·g^-1、平均孔径为2.5 nm、平均孔体积为0.40 cm³·g^-1。通过密度泛函理论（DFT）进行计算表明,Cu(111)/N-C的自由能值低于N-C,更有利于氧还原催化进行。在0.1 mol·L^-1 KOH的介质中,Cu/N-C不仅表现出优异的起始和半波电势（分别为0.96 V和0.84 V）,而且还表现出了优异的抗甲醇性能和稳定性,并且Cu元素掺杂量达到1.67wt.%。