聪脑益智针法联合精神运动康复改善脑瘫认知障碍临床研究

摘 要:目的 观察聪脑益智针法联合精神运动康复改善脑瘫患儿认知功能障碍的临床疗效。方法 选取我院住院脑瘫患儿伴有认知功能障碍者100例为研究对象,以随机数字表法分为综合康复组、聪脑益智针法联合精神运动康复训练组各50例。两组患儿均以综合康复治疗为基础,治疗组在综合康复治疗基础上进行聪脑益智针刺联合精神运动康复训练治疗,两组患儿均治疗3个月,治疗前后均按参照有关文献拟定的疗效标准进行评定观察。结果 应用聪脑益智针法联合精神运动康复训练治疗脑瘫患儿认知功能障碍在提高智力方面亦优于常规综合治疗组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 聪脑益智针法联合精神运动康复可有效改善脑瘫患儿认知障碍,临床疗效明显,值得在临床上推广应用。     

Biodegradable Shape-Memory Ionogels as Green and Adaptive Wearable Electronics Toward Physical Rehabilitation

Rehabilitation is necessary for the recovery of patients with paralysis caused by stroke and muscle atrophy. Wearable electronics can provide feedback on physical training and facilitate healthcare. However, most existing wearable electronics are difficult to maintain a conformal skin-device interface. Additionally, the use of non-degradable electronic materials is associated with environmental risks. Herein, ionogels with biodegradation and shape-memory properties as eco-friendly and geometry-adaptive wearable electronics for rehabilitation are proposed. The biodegradation is enabled by incorporating polycaprolactone segments into the ionogel matrix. Moreover, the ionogel-based wearable electronics can be conformal to certain joints by shape programming, and provide stable and reproducible real-time signals reflecting joint movements during long-term rehabilitation training assisted by a robotic glove, facilitating carers to assess rehabilitation efficacy and choose an appropriate scheme. This study demonstrates the potential of biodegradable shape-memory ionogels as green and adaptive wearable electronics for robot-assisted rehabilitation.     

一种家用手持式红外偏振光治疗仪的设计与实现

红外偏振光治疗仪是一种将红外技术与电子技术应用到医学领域的康复理疗设备,主要用于软组织损伤和慢性疼痛的康复治疗,已在医院得到了推广使用。然而,现有医院使用的台式治疗仪由于体积大、售价高等特点,不方便居家使用。为了开发体积小、售价低、家庭可用的红外偏振光治疗仪,满足家用市场的潜在需求,本文提出了一种新的便携手持式红外偏振光治疗仪,并开发了该智能控制系统。本文首先介绍了一种新的家用手持式治疗仪应具备的特点和关键技术指标,在此基础上设计了手持式治疗仪的硬件总体方案和软件架构,简要介绍了该治疗仪的一些关键技术,最终实现了治疗仪样机的研制。为了验证该样机的性能,本文通过大量的测试,结果表明,研制的手持式红外偏振光治疗仪在关键参数指标上达到了医院同类产品的水平,能够很好地满足家用的需求,具有良好的市场前景。     

Recognition of occupational therapy exercises and detection of compensation mistakes for Cerebral Palsy

Depth camera-based virtual rehabilitation systems are gaining attention in occupational therapy for cerebral palsy patients. When developing such a system, domain-specific exercise recognition is vital. To design such a gesture recognition method, some obstacles need to be overcome: detection of gestures not related to the defined exercise set and recognition of incorrect exercises performed by the patients to compensate for their lack of ability. We propose a framework based on hidden Markov models for the recognition of upper extremity functional exercises. We determine critical compensation mistakes together with restrictions for classifying these mistakes with the help of occupational therapists. We first eliminate undefined gestures by evaluating two models that produce adaptive threshold values. Then we utilize specific negative models based on feature thresholding and train them for each exercise to detect compensation mistakes. We perform various tests using our method in a laboratory environment under the supervision of occupational therapists.     

脑机接口技术在医疗领域的应用

脑机接口技术不依赖于常规大脑信息输出通路,而是建立了大脑与计算机等外部设备之间直接的信息交流和控制通道。该技术有广阔的应用前景,受到广泛关注。各国都相继提出了国家层面的脑计划,为脑机接口的发展提供政策指引和支持。分析总结了脑机接口技术的现状及其在医疗领域的应用,探讨了该技术面临的挑战、发展和建议。     

一种新型多功能助行器

本文介绍一种新型多功能助行器的设计,以及分析新型助行器在未来的发展前景及市场前景。     

Sex-related Differences in Exercise Capacity Trends and Determinants after Cardiac Rehabilitation in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction

Objective: This study aimed to investigate whether longitudinal changes in exercise capacity in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) differ by sex and clarified what contributed to these differences. Methods: We retrospectively examined the differences in each variable between men and women in 156 patients with AMI (mean age: 65 ± 12 years; 82.0% male) who participated in a 3-month cardiac rehabilitation (CR) program and could be followed-up for exercise capacity 12-months after AMI onset. Sex-related differences in the change in peak oxygen uptake (peak VO₂) at baseline, 3-months, and 12-months after AMI were analyzed. Results: Male patients with AMI were younger and had higher body mass index and employment rate than women. The attendance of the CR program was higher in women (men vs. women; 10 [3–15] vs. 14 [11–24] sessions, p = 0.0002). Women showed a significant lower %change in peak VO₂ after 12 months (men vs. women; 7.8% [–0.49% to 14.6%] vs. 1.3% [–5.7% to 7.5%], p = 0.013). In multiple linear regression analysis, age (β = –0.76, 95% confidence interval [CI] = –1.0 to –0.50, p <0.0001) and female sex (β = –6.3, 95% CI = –9.1 to –3.5, p <0.0001) were negative independent predictors of change in peak VO₂ over 12 months, while CR attendance (β = 0.21, 95% CI = 0.0032–0.42, p = 0.047) and recommended exercise habit after the CR program (β = 2.1, 95% CI = 0.095–4.1, p = 0.040) were positive independent predictors of change in peak VO₂ over 12 months. Conclusion: In female patients, exercise capacity improved during the CR program but decreased to AMI onset levels after 12 months.     

锌在不同植物种苗中的吸收效应分析

为探讨植物种苗对水体中锌的吸收效应,采用实验室内培养方法,选择了玉米等7种作物种苗为受试品种,研究了不同植物对锌的吸收。结果表明,除棉花外,各类作物在5 d内可使水体中锌含量明显降低,黑芝麻、玉米、水稻植物幼苗的根中分别积累了高达19.8、18.8、15.9mg.g1,地上部茎叶中积累了8.2、10.1、7.1 mg.g1的锌。提出选择具有"超量积累倾向"的作物种苗进行环境水体中锌污染的植物修复。     

半导体激光对肩周炎患者疼痛症状的改善作用

探讨半导体激光治疗改善肩周炎患者疼痛症状的效果。随机将91例患者分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组在常规治疗的基础上,予以半导体激光照射治疗。治疗后,治疗组总有效率高于对照组,并且在镇痛方面较对照组明显减轻。半导体激光对疼痛症状有明显的改善作用。     

The Effect of Toe-grasping Exercises on Balance Ability in Home-based Rehabilitation: A Randomized Controlled Trial by Block Randomization

Objective: The purpose of the study was to clarify the causal effect of toe-grasping exercises on the improvement of static or dynamic balance ability in home-based rehabilitation users. Method: Our study included 34 subjects who met the criteria and were evaluable out of 98 rehabilitation service users at home nursing stations. This study was a randomized controlled trial. The intervention group performed towel gathering exercises in addition to the regular home-based rehabilitation program. The primary outcome was one-leg standing time, and the secondary outcomes were two-step test and toe grip strength. Results: Seventeen subjects were assigned to the intervention group and seventeen to the control group by block randomization. Data from 15 and 12 subjects in the intervention group and control group, respectively, who were able to complete the initial evaluation and the evaluation after 3 months, were analyzed. We compared the amount of change after 3 months of evaluation in the intervention group with the change in the control group. The results showed that the left/right mean value of oneleg standing time in the intervention group was significantly greater than that in the control group. In terms of the amount of change in the intervention period (T2-T1) within each assessment, there were significant improvements in both the toe-grip strength and the two-step values in the intervention group. Conclusion: We found that toe-grasping exercises could improve the balance ability of home-based rehabilitation users. This suggests the clinical significance of toe function in rehabilitation programs.