Accuracy of speech transmission index predictions based on the reverberation time and signal-to-noise ratio

This paper examines the accuracy of the speech transmission index (STI) calculated from the reverberation time (T) and signal-to-noise ratio (L_SN) of enclosed spaces. Differences between measured and predicted STIs have been analysed in two rooms (reverberant vs. absorbent), for a wide range of absorption conditions and signal-to-noise ratios (sixteen tests). The STI was measured using maximum length sequence analysis and predictions were calculated using either measured or predicted values of T and L_SN, the latter assuming diffuse sound field conditions. The results obtained for all the conditions tested showed that STI predictions based on T and L_SN tend to underestimate the STI, with differences between measured and predicted STIs always lower than 0.1 (on a 0.0–1.0 scale), and on average lower than 0.06. According to previous research, these differences are noticeable and therefore non-negligible, as 0.03 is the just noticeable difference in STI. The use of either measured or predicted values of T and L_SN provided similar STI predictions (i.e. non-noticeable changes), with differences between predictions that are on average lower than 0.03 for the absorbent room, and lower than 0.01 for the reverberant room.     

Image quality assessment in multiband DCT domain based on SSIM

The performance of image quality assessment method based on SSIM (structural similarity) is better than the PSNR (peak signal to noise ratio), but the assessment effects of SSIM is poor for seriously blurred image, therefore, the model that combined HVS (human visual sensitivity) and SSIM was established. The basic idea is based on the human eye's sensitivity to different frequency distortion image, the image is two-dimensional discrete cosine transform frequency component into low, mid, high-frequency component, to obtain the frequency component of light, contrast and structural information, using Pearson coefficient for weight and sum processing to the sub-image according to frequency bands of different sensitive degree, finally, get the sharpness of the image. Through nonlinear regression analysis of objective assessment and DMOS, experiments showed that this method was closer to human perception than SSIM and GSSIM for serious blurred distortion image. At the same time, compared to conventional algorithm MAE (mean absolute error), MSE (mean square error) and PSNR, this model was more consistent with human visual characteristics.     

Intracellular lectins are involved in quality control of glycoproteins

Glycoprotein quality control is categorized into three kinds of reactions; the folding of nascent glycoproteins, ER-associated degradation of misfolded or unassembled glycoproteins, and transport and sorting of correctly folded glycoproteins. In all three processes, N-glycans on the glycoproteins are used as tags that are recognized by intracellular lectins. We analyzed the functions of these intracellular lectins and their sugar-binding specificities. The results clearly showed that the A, B, and C-arms of high mannose-type glycans participate in the folding, transport and sorting, and degradation, respectively, of newly synthesized peptides. After correctly folded glycoproteins are transported to the Golgi apparatus, N-glycans are trimmed into Man₃GlcNAc₂ and then rebuilt into various complex-type glycans in the Golgi, resulting in the addition of diverse sugar structures that allow glycoproteins to play various roles outside of the cells.     

大流量河道的水质荧光指纹变化

荧光光谱因与水样一一对应而被称为"水质荧光指纹",越来越多地被用于水环境监测。研究了大流量河道A河的水质荧光指纹特征及变化。结果表明,该河的三维荧光光谱中含有三个典型的荧光峰,分别在230/340,280/320和250/450nm附近,而三个峰的强度变化很大,而且有突变的现象。同期的CODMn没有明显变化。研究表明,荧光指纹很适合显示大流量水体的水质变化,且可以弥补常规参数不能反映成分变化的不足,是水质预警的好工具。     

FPGA中信号可靠性设计的方法研究

对FPGA程序设计中存在的信号抖动、相位差异以及在模块继承时不同时钟域引起的软件异常等可靠性设计问题,将目前常用的信号抖动抑制及判断方法进行了分析总结,提出了几种新的FPGA内部的信号处理方法;通过实验验证,这些方法对不同脉冲宽度、不同突发频率的随机干扰,能够进行有效抑制;通过合理降频、例化原语等方法优化软件设计,提高了FPGA输出信号的完整性和可靠性;在航天、航空和工业控制领域中,有效地解决了软件系统的可靠性问题,为建立可靠性高、运行稳定的软件系统创造了条件。     

气相沉积法制备聚酰亚胺微球的均匀性及性能

为满足惯性约束聚变(ICF)对聚酰亚胺(PI)靶丸的要求,研究了气相沉积过程单体加热温度对PI薄膜厚度的影响并测试其均匀性,测试了脉冲敲击模式下复合微球的表面质量。研究了薄膜热环化过程中的结构变化,并对所得PI薄膜进行了热稳定性分析。研究结果表明:脉冲敲击下制备所得复合微球表面粗糙度均方根值波动在29~45nm之间,在相同时间内其薄膜厚度随单体加热温度的增加而增加,通过调节不同单体加热温度,可将薄膜厚度控制在一定范围;薄膜厚度测试发现其较为均匀,横向和纵向各点厚度相差不足1μm;热环化后聚酰胺酸转化为PI,CONH与COOH结合形成C-N键;热重分析数据显示PI薄膜热稳定性较好,600℃左右才开始大量分解。     

灰度调整与数字全息图像质的关系

如何在有限的灰度级别下输出高质量全息图是人们关注的问题之一.文章从数字全息图 （计算机制全息图）的灰度直方图出发,研究灰度调整对全息图再现像质的影响.首先通过理论推导研究了压缩计算机制全息图中占比例少的灰度,展宽占比例多的灰度后全息图衍射效率的变化,发现处理后的计算机制全息图经灰度压缩的阈值越大,衍射效率越高.然后研究了灰度压缩的阈值对计算机制全息图再现像噪音的影响,发现全息图再现像的噪音随着阈值的增大,先减少再增大.实验表明,通过取合适的阈值对全息图进行灰度调整,可以在保证全息图再现像的信噪比的同时,提高全息图的衍射效率.计算机仿真和全息图光学再现实验证明了理论分析是正确的,为制作高质量的计算机制全息图提供了参考依据.     

基于等效节点的子孔径拼接系统公差分析

在子孔径拼接系统中,各子孔径之间的倾斜与位移对整个系统的成像质量有直接影响.本文应用动态光学理论中等效节点概念,根据各个子孔径倾斜及轴向与垂轴位移位移时等效节点也将发生相应移动的原理,利用拼接元件形成像点的位移引起的各个子镜形成像点叠加误差形成的弥散圆尺寸变化之间的关系,简化了子孔径倾斜与位移对拼接系统像质影响的分析与计算.通过在子孔径拼接原理样机结构设计与公差分析中的应用,得出原理样机的倾斜公差为4 μrad,位移公差为6 μm,使原理样机的子孔径装配调整得到了有效控制.     

基于应用的可见光遥感图像质量评价方法研究

遥感应用需求的增加和应用水平的提高,对遥感图像质量提出越来越高的要求。为提高图像质量,一方面不断改进成像系统,另一方面也研究开发出各种图像处理方法,其中如何评价图像处理前后图像质量的变化是处理算法开发的重要环节。从应用的角度,通过对比评价图像处理前后的质量,初步研究提出了基于图像应用的主、客观评价方法,以找出算法处理的薄弱环节,为算法的优化提供支持。     

GB／T18657传输规约的构件设计与实现

针对电能质量监测系统中的数据传输问题,对GB／T18657远动设备与系统传输规约进行分析。根据规约的分层结构特点,定义并实现物理接口层构件、链路层构件、网络层构件。在具体的实现过程中,为构件定义状态和控制数据结构,使用基于消息的连接子实现构件的组合。通过在基于STM32的嵌入式设备上的实现,验证了构件的结构和组合方式,满足嵌入式系统的要求,使得程序结构清晰,易于测试维护,提高系统的稳定性。