渐进多焦点镜片的逐点定向曲率补偿优化设计

提出一种利用逐点定向曲率补偿法对渐进多焦点镜片初始模型进行整体优化以减小周边散光区（俗称盲区）的优化设计方法。推导出自由曲面任意方向法曲率的计算公式、确定主曲率和主方向的方法,求出镜片初始模型上各点的曲率差和最大曲率方向、最小曲率方向,通过迭加由不同曲率、不同轴向微小柱面构成的自由曲面,来实现逐点定向曲率补偿,使镜片各点的曲率差适当减小,从而减小散光。给出具体优化步骤和一个优化设计实例,并进行实际加工制作与检测。对比优化前后的光焦度和散光度的面形分布图。结果表明,逐点定向曲率补偿法能有效减小渐进多焦点镜片初始模型的最大散光并明显扩大视远区清晰视觉范围。     

逐步增加Ⅱ型截尾下指数分布恒加试验的统计分析

本文对逐步增加Ⅱ型截尾下指数分布场合恒定应力加速寿命试验进行了统计分析,得到参数的最大似然估计存在唯一的充要条件。最后通过模拟例子表明最大似然估计是有效的。     

飞机典型结构件的声疲劳实验研究

飞机典型结构件为蒙皮、框和长桁组成的双向双加筋的九格壁板结构.利用高声强行波管系统,以典型试件中心格的第一阶频率为中心、1/3倍频程为带宽的窄带随机谱激励,再现壁板结构的声疲劳破坏方式.通过原始状态的典型试件的两次预试验,发现了原典型结构件的设计缺陷.采用三种方式对原结构框的两端进行了支持加强,得到各种支持状态下的声疲劳破坏形式.     

渐进密度AESO方法及其在热传导结构拓扑优化中的应用

研究用于结构拓扑优化的基于材料添加策略的进化算法(AESO方法).基于进化算法的思想,利用单元材料相对密度的变化描述材料的添加(从O到1)或删除(从1到O).当某些单元满足进化准则时,单元的相对密度进行O-1交化.研究发现.基于一步变化策略的AESO方法往往不能获得正确的拓扑形式,其原因可能是,进化后的响应量是基于密度为O或很小时的敏度经线性近似获得的,与实际相差很大.这种敏度的计算误差问题在ESO、BESO等硬杀算法中都存在.本文提出将进化过程分成多步,以软杀的思想进行硬杀优化,即使材料密度逐渐由O变化到1,实现材料的逐步添加.基于该策略,提出了渐进密度AESO方法,并比较分析了这种逐步添加的做法对结果的影响.算例验证了该方法的正确性和有效性.渐进密度AESO方法为双向进化算法(BESO)提供了有效的进化(材料添加)策略.     

Identification of stiffness properties of composite tubes from dynamic tests

The identification of the stiffness properties of typical laminated composite tubes from dynamic tests is presented. Unknown coefficients are identified by a technique of model updating. The fomulation is based on the minimization of the eigensolution residuals (sensitivity method). Errors of generalized masses are considered. The technique allows for the simultaneous identification of several properties from a single test. Stiffness properties of extension, bending/twisting and transverse shear are identified. Important points of the model updating of tubes in dynamics are addressed: potential energy evaluation, placement of sensors and the problem of multiple eigenvalues. Results obtained by numerical simulation show the efficiency of the proposed method.     

Best achievable modal eigenvectors in structural damage detection

This paper reports a modal formulation of the original method presented by Lim and Kashangaky, based on the use of the best achievable eigenvectors in damage detection problems. The method requires the measurement of both frequencies and mode shapes. The structural damage is located by computing the Euclidean distances between the measured mode shapes and the best achievable modal eigenvectors. The method is able to detect loss of both stiffness and mass properties, even though in this paper only the loss of stiffness will be analyzed. A simple numerical example is reported to investigate the applicability of the modal formulation. Finally, an experimental validation is included using a 10-bay truss laboratory structure.     

基于事件触发的战术互联网拓扑更新策略

重点论述了一种基于事件触发的战术互联网拓扑更新策略,并将之与传统的拓扑更新策略进行比较论证,认为基于事件触发的拓扑更新策略能较好地兼顾无线信道的特点和用户移动的需求,从而使战术互联网的整体性能达到最佳。     

Age Analysis of Status Updating System with Probabilistic Packet Preemption

The age of information (AoI) metric was proposed to measure the freshness of messages obtained at the terminal node of a status updating system. In this paper, the AoI of a discrete time status updating system with probabilistic packet preemption is investigated by analyzing the steady state of a three-dimensional discrete stochastic process. We assume that the queue used in the system is Ber/Geo/1/2*/η, which represents that the system size is 2 and the packet in the buffer can be preempted by a fresher packet with probability η. Instead of considering the system’s AoI separately, we use a three-dimensional state vector (n,m,l) to simultaneously track the real-time changes of the AoI, the age of a packet in the server, and the age of a packet waiting in the buffer. We give the explicit expression of the system’s average AoI and show that the average AoI of the system without packet preemption is obtained by letting η=0. When η is set to 1, the mean of the AoI of the system with a Ber/Geo/1/2* queue is obtained as well. Combining the results we have obtained and comparing them with corresponding average continuous AoIs, we propose a possible relationship between the average discrete AoI with the Ber/Geo/1/c queue and the average continuous AoI with the M/M/1/c queue. For each of two extreme cases where η=0 and η=1, we also determine the stationary distribution of AoI using the probability generation function (PGF) method. The relations between the average AoI and the packet preemption probability η, as well as the AoI’s distribution curves in two extreme cases, are illustrated by numerical simulations. Notice that the probabilistic packet preemption may occur, for example, in an energy harvest (EH) node of a wireless sensor network, where the packet in the buffer can be replaced only when the node collects enough energy. In particular, to exhibit the usefulness of our idea and methods and highlight the merits of considering discrete time systems, in this paper, we provide detailed discussions showing how the results about continuous AoI are derived by analyzing the corresponding discrete time system and how the discrete age analysis is generalized to the system with multiple sources. In terms of packet service process, we also propose an idea to analyze the AoI of a system when the service time distribution is arbitrary.     

PROGRESSIVE DAMAGE ARREST MECHANISM IN TAILORED LAMINATED PLATES WITH A CUTOUT

This study addresses the effectiveness of a simple stiffness tailoring concept to delay damage initiation, control damage progression, and improve residual strength in tensile-loaded composite plates with a central circular cutout. The tailoring concept is to simply reposit all axially oriented （0°） material into regions near the edge of the plate away from the cutout. This tailoring is done in a way so as not to affect the weight of the plate. This accomplishes several beneficial changes in the way that the plate resists loading with no increases in material cost or weight. Lowering the axial stiffness of the laminate surrounding the cutout lowers the stress concentration. Increasing the axial stiffness near edges of the plate attracts loading away from the vicinity of the cutout to further lower stresses in the critical cutout region. This study focuses on in-plane response including damage progression and residual strength as a function of the degree of tailoring and cutout size. Strength and stiffness properties typical of IM7/8551-7 preperg material were assumed and a modified version of the Hashin failure criteria was used to identify the local damage. Results show that tailoring can significantly increase the damage initiation load and the residual strength. In some cases, observed evidence shows that tailoring performs as a damage arrest mechanism.     

张量积型Said-Ball曲面的预处理渐近迭代逼近法

为加快张量积型Said-Ball曲面渐近迭代逼近法的收敛速度,探讨了张量积型Said-Ball曲面渐近迭代逼近法的预处理技术。首先利用对角补偿约化技术构造了预处理子,然后结合矩阵Kronecker积性质,采取预处理渐近迭代逼近法求解张量积型Said-Ball曲面。为进一步降低计算量并提高算法的稳定性,利用广义极小残差法求解预处理方程,得到预处理渐近迭代逼近法的非精确求解方法。分析了预处理渐近迭代逼近法及非精确求解方法的收敛性。最后用数值实例说明预处理子能大大减小迭代矩阵的谱半径,令预处理技术及其非精确求解方法的计算效率明显提高。此外,由于对角补偿预处理子能改善配置矩阵的谱分布,因此也可用于对广义极小残差法的预处理,以改善其收敛性。