Front propagation in certain one-dimensional exclusion models

Recent results on two interacting particle systems on are summarized, the asymmetric simple exclusion process and the branching exclusion process.     

纳秒激光闪光光解装置功能扩展──有机非线性材料二阶非线性系数测定

纳秒级激光闪光光解装置可用于有机光化学、光物理过程，瞬态发光和吸收的动力学过程的研究，在不改变原装置整体布局和结构的基础上，建立了有机非线性光学材料的二阶非线性系数测定方法，并为国家８６３专家委员会承担过仲裁测定。     

In（Ⅲ）－和Y（Ⅲ）－1，2－PDTA配合物的动态核磁共振研究

研究了Ｉｎ（Ⅲ）和Ｙ（Ⅲ）－１，２－丙二胺四乙酸配合物￣１ＨＮＭＲ谱的温度依赖性，其结果显示出８个乙酸质子处于不同的磁环境中，分４组ＡＢ谱。ＡＢ谱交换现象由氮原子翻转引起，通过全线型分析求得了速率常数及相关热大学参数。对不对称的氮原子，其翻转速率不同，靠近ＣＨ＿３─基团的氮原子翻转速率要比远离ＣＨ＿３─的小．活化能与金属离子的离子势呈线性关系。     

Industrial multi-stage continuous filtration process: influence of operating parameters

This paper presents a theoretical study of the effects of operating parameters on the behaviour of an industrial crossflow filtration unit. A continuous three stage unit and its application to yeast cell harvesting are considered. A model of standard industrial processing is developed, and the influence of dead volumes, start-up procedure, crossflow and permeation velocities and maximum transmembrane pressure are investigated. Concentration factors are discussed with respect to the effects due to dead volumes.     

无相移滤波技术用于分析化学信号处理

把无相移滤波技术引入了分析化学信号处理领域。其方法为：先将输入序列按顺序滤波，然后将所得结果逆转后反向通过滤波器，再将所得结果逆转后输出。通过对色谱信号的实验研究表明，与普通的数字滤波方法相比较，无相移滤波不但具有普通数字滤波的优点，而且不会产生滤波前后的相位偏移，具有良好的应用前景，尤其对于需要准确计算保留时间的场合，用此预处理方法非常适合。     

AM1法研究乙烯与环己－1，3－二烯热加成反应

用ＡＭ１方法（采用非限制的Ｈａｒｔｒｅｅ－ＦｏｃｋＵＨＦ计算）研究乙烯与环己－１，３－二烯的热Ｄｉｅｌｓ－Ａｌｄｅｒ反应。结果表明反应是放热的且存在两条竞争的路径；协同反应的活化能以及双自由反应速度控制步骤的活化能分别为１１２．６６７ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ和７８．４０６ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ。     

有机硅耐磨透明涂层的固化分析

ＦＴＩＲ、ＴＧ、ＴＢＡ等对有机硅耐磨涂料（有机硅溶胶）的热固化过程研究表明有机硅胶体中缔合羟基间的脱水缩合速率很高；羟基脱水程度与固化温度有关，温度越高，达平衡时羟基的浓度越低，在１０５～１３０℃间羟基的浓度变化最大，加入适当的固化剂，对羟基的脱水交联有促进作用，在较高的固化温度下，反应体系中出现了环氧环异构化产生的酮羰基的吸收峰     

Uncoupled metabolism stimulated by chemical uncoupler and oxic-settling-anaerobic combined process to reduce excess sludge production

The effects of three uncoupled metabolic systems (conventional activated sludge process with the addition of 3,3′,4′,5-tetrachlorosalicylanilide [TCS], oxic-settling-anaerobic [OSA] process modified by insertion of a sludge-holding tank in the sludge return line, and TCS and OSA combined process) on reducing excess sludge production were studied. Compared with the control conventional activated sludge process, the most effective system was the combined process, which could reduce excess sludge production by 46.90%. The 180-d operation results confirmed that TCS is an effective chemical uncoupler in reducing the sludge yield but that it had an adverse effect on substrate removal capability, effluent nitrogen concentration, and sludge settleability. The OSA process decreased excess sludge production by only 26% but had less adverse effect on effluent quality and could improve sludge settleability. The effluent total phosphorous concentration of the three systems was slightly lower than of the control unit. Microbial populations were monitored by both microscopic and molecular biologic analysis method (polymerase chain reaction [PCR]-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis [DGGE]). The presence of TCS caused metazoans to disappear and decreased the number and activity of protozoa. PCR amplification of 16S rRNA and sequent DGGE analysis found a shift in the diversity of the predominant species. The results imply that OSA combined with the chemical uncoupler process may effectively reduce excess sludge yield and not affect process performance significantly.     

Nanoporous TiO2 Coatings for Infrared Detectors

In GaAs based infrared detectors, a considerable part of the incident light will be reflected at the surface, thus it decreases the detectors sensitivity considerably. In this paper, a TiO₂ nanoporous coating was prepared successfully on the GaAs substrate by sol-gel method. The optical parameters of the coating were also controlled successfully. It was proved that the coating could greatly improve the transmittance of the incident light, which agrees with the theoretical results quite well. In the 2.5–6.0 m waveband, the maximum transmittance of GaAs substrate is 56%, while the transmittance of the GaAs substrate coated with a nanostructured TiO₂ coating is about 94%.     

Organic–inorganic nanocomposites prepared from fluoro-aramid and silica

Fluoro-aramid-based sol/gel-derived nanocomposites were synthesized by condensing a mixture of 4,4′-(hexafluoro-isopropylidene)dianiline and 1,3-phenylenediamine with terephthaloylchloride (TPC) in dimethylacetamide. TPC was added in slight excess to produce amide chains with carbonyl chloride end groups and then replaced with alkoxy groups using aminophenyltrimethoxysilane to develop bonding with the silica network. Mechanical, dynamic mechanical thermal, water absorption and morphological measurements were carried out on the thin hybrid films. Increase in the tensile strength and modulus was observed as compared to pristine polyamide. The thermal decomposition temperature was found in the range of 400–500 °C. The water absorption was found to be reduced with higher silica content. The glass transition temperature and the storage moduli increased with increasing silica concentration. The maximum increase in the T _g value (345 °C) was observed with 20 wt% silica. Scanning electron microscopy revealed the uniform distribution of silica in the matrix with an average particle size ranging from 8 to 50 nm.