基于滤波方法提高精寻北阶段的寻北精度

为了解决摆式陀螺寻北仪在复杂环境下寻北精度不高的问题,在分析寻北过程各个阶段信号特点的基础上,将滤波方法引入精寻北阶段的陀螺信号处理中。该文使用最小均方算法(LMS)自适应滤波、滑动均值滤波、低通滤波及中值滤波对精寻北阶段陀螺信号进行处理,然后对滤波效果进行了分析比对,并进行了精度分析。结果表明,滤波处理后的精寻北阶段数据信号较之前更平滑,波动减小,有利于提高寻北结果的准确度,且经计算,滑动均值滤波的处理结果精度更高。使用滤波方法对陀螺信号进行处理,减小了信号的精度损失,提高了寻北结果的精度和可靠度,具有良好的工程实践性。     

A study of the precision and accuracy of peak quantification in comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography in time

Simulated chromatographic data were used to determine the precision and accuracy in the estimation of peak volumes (i.e., peak sizes) in comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography in time (LC × LC). Peak volumes were determined both by summing the areas in the second dimension chromatograms and by fitting the second dimension areas to a Gaussian peak. The Gaussian method is better at predicting the peak volume than the moments method provided there are at least three second dimension injections above the limit of detection (LOD). However, when only two of the second dimension signals are substantially above baseline, the accuracy and precision of the Gaussian fit method become quite poor because the results from the fitting algorithm become indeterminate. Based on simulations in which the modulation ratio (M_R = 4¹σ/t_s) and sampling phase (?) were varied, we conclude for well-resolved peaks that the optimum precision in peak volumes in 2D separations will be obtained when the M_R is between two and five, such that there are typically four to ten second dimension peaks recorded over the eight σ width of the first dimension peak. This sampling rate is similar to that suggested by the Murphy–Schure–Foley criterion. This provides an RSD of approximately 2% for the signal-to-noise ratio used in the present simulations. The precision of the peak volume of experimental data was also assessed, and RSD values were in the range of 4–5%. We conclude that the poorer precision found in the LC × LC experimental data as compared to LC may be due to experimental imprecision in sampling the effluent from the first dimension column.     

Determining the optimum wavelength pairs to use for molecular absorption thermometry based on the continuous-spectral lower-state energy

A novel technique for selecting wavelengths that optimize the temperature precision of absorption-based thermometry is developed. A single universal objective function considering continuous spectral lower-state energy , spectral absorbance intensities and an experimental noise level is derived and applied in a brute-force approach to analyze two-wavelength, Doppler-broadened H₂O vapor-absorbance thermometry in the 1.33-1.37 μm range. The results reveal the top wavelength pairs and their temperature precisions over a wide temperature range from 280 to 2800 K. Although the spectral database used includes over thousands of transitions in this spectral range, the top pairs are composed of only 12 unique wavelengths. This wavelength selection technique is able to help researchers choose key wavelengths that will perform well in practical applications.     

高功率激光装置打靶精度测试技术

 多路激光打靶精度在惯性约束聚变实验中起着至关重要的作用,提出了基于X光针孔相机的激光打靶精度测试方法。根据显微镜读取的靶平面坐标系的靶孔中心坐标及打多孔靶后X光针孔相机所记录的靶孔中心坐标,建立靶平面坐标系和X光针孔相机坐标系之间的转换关系;通过打焦斑靶,建立焦斑模板,采用套模板的方法,读取X光针孔相机坐标系中焦斑中心坐标;由靶平面坐标系和X光针孔相机坐标系之间的转换关系,求出靶平面坐标系中焦斑中心坐标,计算得到激光打靶精度,分析打靶精度测试结果的不确定度,从而给出多路激光打靶精度测量技术和方法。     

中法激光时间比对和探测基本物理的相关空间计划

激光时间比对T2L2(Time Transfer by Laser Link)是法国蔚蓝海岸天文台(OCA)和法国空间中心(CNES)进行的新一代的时间传递计划,将于2008年年中随Jason-2卫星发射上天,并开始观测。它利用激光脉冲在空间的传播来实现地面—卫星,地面—地面远距离时钟的同步,精度比现有的微波比对方式提高1~2个数量级。中国拥有5个固定激光测距站和2个流动激光测距站,基于良好的地理位置和中法双方比较成熟的激光测距技术,中法激光站之间的时间比对和中国内部激光站之间的时间比对是该计划的重要内容。本文系统描述了T2L2的主要内容和关键技术,初步估算了该计划的精度和稳定度,对中法之间的时间比对做出了初步的观测规划。同时,简单介绍了目前世界上精密时钟的发展现况、T2L2的应用前景及正在研究中的TIPO、ASTRODⅠ、ACES、EGE等探测基本物理的相关空间计划。     

基于磁光调制偏振光的空间方位失调角高精度测量新方法

调制偏振光可以作为方位信息的载体,实现方位角度信息的传递,在军事、航天和生物医药等领域有广泛的应用前景.阐述了基于磁光调制偏振光的方位失调角测量原理,分析了现有测量原理中的误差来源.为了从理论方法上提高测量精度,提出了直接计算的方法,将磁光调制后的光强信号直接进行取极值点处理,建立了失调角与极值点之间的方程,详细分析了...     

绩效度量的一致性、敏感性及准确性关系研究

将环境的波动性和度量噪音看作是影响绩效度量的两类不同的随机误差,在Linear-exponential-normal框架下,建立了以价值绩效度量和补偿绩效度量的线性组合为基础的收益激励模型,并分析了激励强度与绩效度量的一致性、敏感性和准确性之间的关系,以及环境波动性对上述关系的影响.研究发现,在确定性环境条件下,激励强度与绩效度量的"信号噪音比"成正比关系,但绩效度量的一致性的提高并不必然增加该度量指标在激励契约中的权重,而要视敏感性或噪音相对于一致性的变化幅度来定.特别地,在绩效度量的敏感性与一致性之间并不存在权衡取舍关系.研究还发现,波动性与激励强度之间存在负向关系,且波动性的存在降低了绩效度量的一致性和敏感性,但波动性对绩效度量的准确性的影响则呈非单调性变化.     

双参数十二参矩形板元的对称列式

1 引言 在位移有限元中,九参数三角形板元的研究取得了丰硕成果,根据不同方法已构造出众多收敛性能很好的单元（见[1]、[2]、[3]）。相比之下,矩形板元的研究却较少报道,ACM元及广义协调元RGC—12是其中比较成功的单元.但是ACM是C~0元。其位移形函数的外法向导数平均值在单元间不连续。广义协调元是基于势能原理建立单元协调的,其自由度(协调条件)不对称是其本身的一个弱点,陈万吉研究表明。这种不对称性会破坏单元的几何不变性。     

有限精度混沌系统的m序列扰动实现

本文研究利用ｍ序列的扰动来实现有限精度混沌系统的方法，考察了扰动序列的周期，幅度以及扰动分布对混沌信号特性的影响，研究表明，扰动ｍ序列所需的阶数取决于混沌序列所需要达到的周期长度，扰动的位数取决于混沌映射的最大斜率，随着混沌系统实现粗度的提高，所需的扰动幅度呈指数减小。     

电扫描恒差比幅测向精度分析

电扫描多波束恒差比幅测向体制在现代雷达截获接收机中有着广泛应用。他是由微波开关依次快速接通各个天线，通过比较相邻天线接收通道上信号幅度的大小来实现测向的。文章首先以任两个相邻天线和全向参考天线接收及信号处理过程，详细推导了电扫描恒差比幅测向方程。然后以该方程为基础，根据该方程中各个观测量相互独立的特点，方位测量误差的均方根值可由测向方程的全微分求得，并将其作为电扫描恒差比幅测向的精度，由该精度公式可以看出，电扫描恒差比幅测向有很高的精度，并且在不同的角度上，其精度保持稳定。