基于网络的智能精密压力传感器原理与应用

基于网络的压力传感器是由压敏电阻传感器、A／D转换器、微处理器、存储器和接口电路构成的，它能实现各传感器之间、传感器与系统之间的数据交换和资源共享。本文介绍PPT系列、PPTR系列网络化智能精密压力传感器的工作原理与典型应用。     

GM(1,1)改进模型及其应用

根据 GM( 1 ,1 )灰色模型的指数特性 ,通过在区间上求积分给出了关于背景值的一个比较确切的计算公式 ,讨论了由此建立的 GM( 1 ,1 )改进模型的适用范围和预测精度 .结果表明改进模型比原 GM( 1 ,1 )模型适用性要强、模拟和预测精度要高 ,不仅适用于低增长序列、也适用于高增长序列 ,不仅适用于短期预测 ,同样也适用于中、长期预测     

在线误码监测方法及其性能

本文论述了在数字通信中进行在线误码监测的必要性，介绍了几种在线误码监测方法，并对其监测性能进行了理论分析。     

多波束相控阵天线角度测量方法

在雷达、通信、测控等领域中,基于相控阵天线的幅度和差单脉冲测角技术是基本方法,但该方法通过旋转法向方向图去近似表示子波束方向图,并用一阶泰勒公式近似表示子波束接收信号幅度,从而带来非噪声因素误差,最终导致目标角度估计精度不高。为此,通过相控阵天线同时产生两个形状相同但相互独立的子波束,旋转波束指向中心轴方向的方向图函数来确定两个子波束的方向图函数,并用高阶泰勒公式对子波束接收信号幅度进行近似,从而减少误差。仿真和硬件测试结果表明所提方法能够有效提高测角精度。     

基于改进ICP的复杂机械零件测量点云配准方法

点云配准是基于机器视觉进行复杂机械零件三维非接触精密测量的关键环节。针对传统迭代最近点(iterative closest point, ICP)算法对初始位置依赖性强,迭代收敛速度慢,错误对应点对多,难以满足大批量复杂机械零件测量点云配准效率和精度要求的问题,提出了一种基于ISS-FPFH(intrinsic shape signature-fast point feature histogram)特征结合改进ICP的复杂机械零件测量点云配准方法。为了减少点云配准数量,并保留点云表面原来的细微特征,提出了基于重心邻近点的体素滤波器对点云进行下采样预处理。为解决传统ICP算法因合适初始位置难以确定而导致多视角测量点云配准失败的问题,采用了基于ISS-FPFH特征的采样一致性初始配准(sample consensus intial alignment, SAC-IA)算法进行粗配准。为解决传统ICP算法迭代收敛速度慢、错误对应点对多的问题,提出结合法向量夹角约束的点到平面ICP算法进行精配准。以斯坦福大学的bunny点云模型为对象,验证了本文提出方法对噪声点云的鲁棒性。以常见的复杂机械零...     

Quality assurance and statistical control

In scientific research laboratories it is rarely possible to use quality assurance schemes, developed for large-scale analysis. Instead methods have been developed to control the quality of modest numbers of analytical results by relying on statistical control: Analysis of precision serves to detect analytical errors by comparing thea priori precision of the analytical results with the actual variability observed among replicates or duplicates. The method relies on the chi-square distribution to detect excess variability and is quite sensitive even for 5–10 results. Interference control serves to detect analytical bias by comparing results obtained by two different analytical methods, each relying on a different detection principle and therefore exhibiting different influence from matrix elements; only 5–10 sets of results are required to establish whether a regression line passes through the origo. Calibration control is an essential link in the traceability of results. Only one or two samples of pure solid or aqueous standards with accurately known content need to be analyzed. Verification is carried out by analyzing certified reference materials from BCR, NIST, or others; their limited accuracy of 5–10% make them less suitable for calibration purposes.     

Determination of Low Contents of Fenpiverine Bromide by Extraction Spectrophotometry

An ion-pair extraction spectrophotometry method was developed for the determination of fenpiverine bromide in tablets. To determine this substance it was necessary to find experimental conditions that would allow eliminating the influence of other components of the tablets. Attention was paid to the fact that a suitable pH of water phase was necessary to achieve high selectivity.Received December 11, 2002; accepted April 24, 2003 Published online July 28, 2003     

高精度测量F-P标准具间距的光谱方法

利用高分辨率光谱分析仪对空气隙F P标准具透射谐振峰频率进行测量 ,然后通过直线拟合获得自由谱域 ,从而计算得出F P标准具的间距。对F P标准具间距测量的精度进行分析 ,F P标准具间距测量的相对误差为2× 10 -3 。提出了一种新颖的入射光与F P标准具垂直的精确调节方法     

腔长失调对光腔衰荡法测量精度的影响

 只考虑腔长失调因素下建立了反射率模拟测量的理论模型。根据高斯光束传输规律分析了腔长失调对衰荡腔模式耦合的影响，推导了腔长失调与谐振腔输出脉冲信号、衰荡信号与反射率之间的关系，模拟了腔长失调在±10mm范围内的光脉冲衰荡现象。结果表明：对于光敏面直径为0.2mm的高速探测器，为了保证10^-6的测量精度，腔长的失调量应控制在±1mm之间。在光路调节中采用具有对数变换功能的示波器和动态范围较大的探测器，可以提高测量精度。