首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   31055篇
  免费   4731篇
  国内免费   1589篇
化学   5246篇
晶体学   59篇
力学   1176篇
综合类   183篇
数学   7805篇
物理学   8005篇
无线电   14901篇
  2024年   70篇
  2023年   383篇
  2022年   499篇
  2021年   848篇
  2020年   929篇
  2019年   782篇
  2018年   643篇
  2017年   948篇
  2016年   1312篇
  2015年   1241篇
  2014年   2072篇
  2013年   2404篇
  2012年   2044篇
  2011年   2188篇
  2010年   1675篇
  2009年   1879篇
  2008年   2175篇
  2007年   2219篇
  2006年   1851篇
  2005年   1455篇
  2004年   1249篇
  2003年   1259篇
  2002年   1083篇
  2001年   874篇
  2000年   849篇
  1999年   683篇
  1998年   576篇
  1997年   445篇
  1996年   373篇
  1995年   325篇
  1994年   267篇
  1993年   232篇
  1992年   227篇
  1991年   150篇
  1990年   123篇
  1989年   127篇
  1988年   135篇
  1987年   82篇
  1986年   78篇
  1985年   123篇
  1984年   92篇
  1983年   28篇
  1982年   63篇
  1981年   59篇
  1980年   54篇
  1979年   42篇
  1978年   38篇
  1977年   37篇
  1976年   35篇
  1974年   13篇
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 805 毫秒
81.
Most of the novel highly potent drugs, developed on the basis of modern molecular medicine, taking into account cell surface recognition techniques, show poor water solubility. A chemical modification of the drug substance enhancing the solubility often decreases the pharmacological activity. Thus, as an alternative an increase of the solubility can be obtained by the reduction of the size of the drug particles. Unfortunately, it is often difficult to obtain micro or nanosized drug particles by classical or more advanced crystallization using supercritical gases or by milling techniques. In addition, nanosized particles are often not physically stable and need to be stabilized in an appropriate matrix. Thus, it may be of interest to manufacture directly nanosized drug particles stabilized in an inert hydrophilic matrix, i.e. nanostructured and nanocomposite systems. Solid solutions and solid dispersions represent nanostructured and nanocomposite systems. In this context, the use of the vacuum-fluidized-bed technique for the spray-drying of a low water soluble drug cosolubilized with a hydrophilic excipient in a polar organic solvent is discussed. In order to avoid the use of organic solvents, a special spray-freeze-drying technique working at atmospheric pressure is presented. This process is very suitable for temperature and otherwise sensitive drugs such as pharmaproteins.  相似文献   
82.
We describe a new algorithm which uses the trajectories of a discrete dynamical system to sample the domain of an unconstrained objective function in search of global minima. The algorithm is unusually adept at avoiding nonoptimal local minima and successfully converging to a global minimum. Trajectories generated by the algorithm for objective functions with many local minima exhibit chaotic behavior, in the sense that they are extremely sensitive to changes in initial conditions and system parameters. In this context, chaos seems to have a beneficial effect: failure to converge to a global minimum from a given initial point can often be rectified by making arbitrarily small changes in the system parameters.  相似文献   
83.
A novel technique to overcome the long-term drift and hysteresis of a scanning Fabry–Perot filter was developed and applied to wavelength and power monitoring of DWDM system. By using the comb peaks generated by a temperature-stabilized, near threshold-biased Fabry–Perot diode laser as wavelength reference for the scanning Fabry–Perot filter, wavelength and power measurement accuracy of better than ±10 pm and 0.2 dB, respectively, were achieved.  相似文献   
84.
A new framework of Gaussian white noise calculus is established, in line with generalized expansion in [3, 4, 7]. A suitable frame of Fock expansion is presented on Gaussian generalized expansion functionals being introduced here, which provides the integral kernel operator decomposition of the second quantization of Koopman operators for chaotic dynamical systems, in terms of annihilation operators dt and its dual, creation operators t*.  相似文献   
85.
关于惠斯登电桥测电阻倍率与检流计灵敏度关系的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
在相同的设备条件下,电桥临近平衡时灵敏度最高的最佳倍率是:组成倍率的两个电阻的数量级与待测电阻数量级相等,且比值为1的倍率。  相似文献   
86.
87.
We first discuss nonlinear aspects of phase transition theory applied to a particular liquid crystal phase transition. A simple derivation is given to show how two coupled Goldstone modes (one appearing as gauge fluctuations of the ordered phase) can force a phase transition, against all expectations, to take place discontinuously (theory of Halperin, Lubensky, and Ma)-but the discontinuity may be immeasurably small. Then, we describe a new dynamical test of phase transition order, developed by Cladiset al., that turns out to be more sensitive than x-ray diffraction and adiabatic calorimetry. Quantitative data found by this new method are in excellent agreement with the measurements of adiabatic calorimetry and x-ray diffraction as well as expectations implicit in the predictions of HLM.This is the text of an after-banquet talk given at the CNLS Workshop on the Dynamics of Concentrated Systems.  相似文献   
88.
The spin-1 Ising model, which is equivalent to the three-component lattice gas model, is used to study wetting transitions in three-component surfactant systems consisting of an oil, water, and a nonionic surfactant. Phase equilibria, interfacial profiles, and interfacial tensions for three-phase equilibrium are determined in mean field approximation, for a wide range of temperature and interaction parameters. Surfactant interaction parameters are found to strongly influence interfacial tensions, reducing them in some cases to ultralow values. Interfacial tensions are used to determine whether the middle phase, rich in surfactant, wets or does not wet the interface between the oil-rich and water-rich phases. By varying temperature and interaction parameters, a wetting transition is located and found to be of the first order. Comparison is made with recent experimental results on wetting transitions in ternary surfactant systems.This paper is dedicated to J. K. Percus in honor of his 65th birthday.  相似文献   
89.
An applied cell mapping method for optimal control problems   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
From the application point of view, a series of modifications are proposed for the cell mapping method discussed in Ref. 1 for the optimal control analysis of dynamical systems. The cell order around the target set is rearranged. A set of common discriminate principles is used for the selection of the optimal one among competing control strategies of the same cost. Inequality constraints of the system are taken into account. The number of elements in the set of allowable time intervals is not prescribed, but left open. These modifications seem to make the cell mapping method more efficient for analyzing feedback systems and for obtaining their global optimal control information. The algorithms presented in this paper could broaden the application of the cell mapping approach of Ref. 1 to a wider class of engineering problems.  相似文献   
90.
Sharp estimates (in the power scale) are obtained for the discretization error in the solutions to Poisson’s equation whose right-hand side belongs to a Korobov class. Compared to the well-known Korobov estimate, the order is almost doubled and has an ultimate value in the power scale.  相似文献   
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号