Integrals containing products of Airy functions and planar photon propagation in a magnetic field

We derive a number of new results on integrals of products of Airy functions, using various integral transform techniques. As an application, we deduce a compact integral representation, suitable for numerical integration, of the one‐loop photon propagator in a magnetic field in 2 + 1 dimensional scalar quantum electrodynamics. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Sensitive detection of infrared photons using a high-Q microcantilever

A new approach based on microcantilevers is presented to detect infrared photons with high sensitivity. Infrared photons are measured by monitoring the amplitude change of a vibrating microcantilever under light pressure force.The irradiating light is modulated into sinusoidal and pulsed waves,and to be in-phase and anti-phase with the cantilever driving signal.A linear relationship between the amplitude change of the cantilever and the light power distributing on the cantilever was observed.Under a vacuum of 10^-4 Pa,an infrared light power of 7.4 nW was detected with the cantilever.The in-phase and anti-phase modulation to the cantilever vibration using a pulsed light results in an enhanced response of the cantilever.     

激光测高技术的发展趋势

激光测高技术作为一种的先进测量手段,已广泛应用于地形地貌测绘、地球科学研究、航天工程、城市规划、森林资源调查等诸多方面。虽然激光测高技术已相对成熟,但随着激光技术的发展和应用需求的拓展,激光测高技术仍有很大的发展空间。通过对国外近期研制或正在研究的几个具体激光测高设备的介绍和分析,总结了激光测高技术的一些典型技术特点和发展趋势,介绍了多光束发射和接收、单光子探测、多回波测量和多功能集成等技术在激光测高仪的应用。这对开展新型激光测高技术的研究具有一定参考价值。     

Two‐Photon Probes for Zn2+ Ions with Various Dissociation Constants. Detection of Zn2+ Ions in Live Cells and Tissues by Two‐Photon Microscopy

A series of Zn²⁺‐selective two‐photon fluorescent probes (AZnM1−AZnN) that had a wide range of dissociation constants (K_d^TP=8 nm‐ 12 μM ) were synthesized. These probes showed appreciable water solubility (>3 μM ), cell permeability, high photostability, pH insensitivity at pH>7, significant two‐photon action cross‐sections (86–110 GM) upon complexation with Zn²⁺, and can detect the Zn²⁺ ions in HeLa cells and in living tissue slices of rat hippocampal at a depth of >80 μm without mistargeting and photobleaching problems. These probes can potentially find application in the detection of various amounts of Zn²⁺ ions in live cells and intact tissues.     

Synthesis,Photophysical, and Two‐Photon Absorption Properties of Elongated Phosphane Oxide and Sulfide Derivatives

A series of rod‐shaped and related three‐branched push–pull derivatives containing phosphane oxide or phosphane sulfide (PO or PS)—as an electron‐withdrawing group conjugated to electron‐donating groups, such as amino or ether groups, with a conjugated rod consisting of arylene–vinylene or arylene–ethynylene building blocks—were prepared. These compounds were efficiently synthesized by a Grignard reaction followed by Sonogashira coupling. Their photophysical properties including absorption, emission, time‐resolved fluorescence, and two‐photon absorption (TPA) were investigated with special attention to structure–property relationships. These fluorophores show high fluorescence quantum yields and solvent‐dependent experiments reveal that efficient intramolecular charge transfer occurs upon excitation, thereby leading to highly polar excited states, the polarity of which can be significantly enhanced by playing on the end groups and conjugated linker. Rod‐shaped and related three‐branched systems show similar fluorescence properties in agreement with excitation localization on one of the push–pull branches. By using stronger electron donors or replacing the arylene–ethynylene linkers with an arylene–vinylene one induces significant redshifts of both the low‐energy one‐photon absorption and TPA bands. Interestingly, a major enhancement in TPA responses is observed, whereas OPA intensities are only weakly affected. Similarly, phosphane oxide derivatives show similar OPA responses than the corresponding sulfides but their TPA responses are significantly larger. Finally, the electronic coupling between dipolar branches promoted by common PO or PS acceptor moieties induces either slight enhancement of the TPA responses or broadening of the TPA band in the near infrared (NIR) region. Such behavior markedly contrasts with triphenylamine‐core‐mediated coupling, which gives evidence for the different types of interactions between branches.     

Two‐Photon Fluorescent Probes for Metal Ions

Two‐photon microscopy (TPM) has become an indispensible tool in biology and medicine owing to the capability of imaging the intact tissue for a long period of time. To make it a versatile tool in biology, a variety of two‐photon probes for specific applications are needed. In this context, many research groups are developing two‐photon probes for various applications. In this Focus Review, we summarize recent results on model studies and selected examples of two‐photon probes that can detect intracellular free metal ions in live cells and tissues to provide a guideline for the design of useful two‐photon probes for various in vivo imaging applications.     

基于硅雪崩光电二极管的双光子吸收实验

研究了硅雪崩光电二极管(APD)对光通信波段近红外光子在不同频率、强度,以及APD 不同偏压下的双光子吸收效应(TPA)。通过实验详细测量了光频率从186.3 THz 到196.1 THz 变化时APD的TPA 效率,结果表明:随着入射光频率的不断增加,TPA 效率呈现出先增大、后减小的规律,并且在190.5 THz 附近达到最优效率。此外,在实验中观察到,随着入射光强的增大,TPA 效率也呈现出先增大、后减小的现象(此实验中的峰值光强度约10 mW)。     

激光过程中真空态和单光子叠加态的量子特性

采用热纠缠态表象和有序算符内的积分技术,通过求解密度矩阵主方程,导出了真空态和单光子叠加态在激光过程中的Wigner函数和光子数分布的解析表达式。采用数值计算方法,给出了腔场的增益和衰减常数等参数取确定值时真空态和单光子叠加态的Wigner函数、负部体积和光子数分布的演化曲线。通过比较Wigner函数负值区域的变化,讨论了耗散过程对该量子态量子特性的影响。研究结果表明:随耗散过程进行,态的Wigner函数负值范围和负值深度都在逐渐减小,直至负值消失。     

Superparamagnetic Twist‐Type Actuators with Shape‐Independent Magnetic Properties and Surface Functionalization for Advanced Biomedical Applications

Directed nanoparticle self‐organization and two‐photon polymerization are combined to enable three‐dimensional soft‐magnetic microactuators with complex shapes and shape‐independent magnetic properties. Based on the proposed approach, single and double twist‐type swimming microrobots with programmed magnetic anisotropy are demonstrated, and their swimming properties in DI‐water are characterized. The fabricated devices are actuated using weak rotating magnetic fields and are capable of performing wobble‐free corkscrew propulsion. Single twist‐type actuators possess an increase in surface area in excess of 150% over helical actuators with similar feature size without compromising the forward velocity of over one body length per second. A generic and facile combination of glycine grafting and subsequent protein immobilization exploits the actuator's increased surface area, providing for a swimming microrobotic platform with enhanced load capacity desirable for future biomedical applications. Successful surface modification is confirmed by FITC fluorescence.