全文获取类型
收费全文 | 32200篇 |
免费 | 4799篇 |
国内免费 | 3011篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 19123篇 |
晶体学 | 535篇 |
力学 | 1211篇 |
综合类 | 212篇 |
数学 | 975篇 |
物理学 | 10470篇 |
无线电 | 7484篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 108篇 |
2023年 | 345篇 |
2022年 | 646篇 |
2021年 | 755篇 |
2020年 | 1028篇 |
2019年 | 903篇 |
2018年 | 926篇 |
2017年 | 1117篇 |
2016年 | 1407篇 |
2015年 | 1370篇 |
2014年 | 1549篇 |
2013年 | 2950篇 |
2012年 | 1991篇 |
2011年 | 1999篇 |
2010年 | 1645篇 |
2009年 | 1775篇 |
2008年 | 1847篇 |
2007年 | 1876篇 |
2006年 | 1831篇 |
2005年 | 1622篇 |
2004年 | 1529篇 |
2003年 | 1353篇 |
2002年 | 1353篇 |
2001年 | 973篇 |
2000年 | 1014篇 |
1999年 | 831篇 |
1998年 | 752篇 |
1997年 | 614篇 |
1996年 | 543篇 |
1995年 | 569篇 |
1994年 | 442篇 |
1993年 | 379篇 |
1992年 | 332篇 |
1991年 | 275篇 |
1990年 | 224篇 |
1989年 | 159篇 |
1988年 | 158篇 |
1987年 | 127篇 |
1986年 | 120篇 |
1985年 | 100篇 |
1984年 | 98篇 |
1983年 | 46篇 |
1982年 | 74篇 |
1981年 | 57篇 |
1980年 | 52篇 |
1979年 | 55篇 |
1978年 | 24篇 |
1977年 | 13篇 |
1976年 | 9篇 |
1973年 | 17篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
151.
Xiang Lu S. Sundar Kumar Iyer Jin Lee Brian Doyle Zhineng Fan Paul K. Chu Chenming Hu Nathan W. Cheung 《Journal of Electronic Materials》1998,27(9):1059-1066
We have demonstrated feasibility to form silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrates using plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII)
for both separation by implantation of oxygen and ion-cut. This high throughput technique can substantially lower the high
cost of SOI substrates due to the simpler implanter design as well as ease of maintenance. For separation by plasma implantation
of oxygen wafers, secondary ion mass spectrometry analysis and cross-sectional transmission electron micrographs show continuous
buried oxide formation under a single-crystal silicon overlayer with sharp Si/SiO2 interfaces after oxygen plasma implantation and high-temperature (1300°C) annealing. Ion-cut SOI wafer fabrication technique
is implemented for the first time using PIII. The hydrogen plasma can be optimized so that only one ion species is dominant
in concentration and there are minimal effects by other residual ions on the ion-cut process. The physical mechanism of hydrogen
induced silicon surface layer cleavage has been investigated. An ideal gas law model of the microcavity internal pressure
combined with a two-dimensional finite element fracture mechanics model is used to approximate the fracture driving force
which is sufficient to overcome the silicon fracture resistance. 相似文献
152.
153.
用粒子(PIC,Particle-in-Cell)模拟方法研究了当前颇感兴趣的高功率振荡器的锁相问题。给出了模拟计算结果。讨论了锁相(Phase Locking)、Priming和InjectionSeeding等概念的区别。 相似文献
154.
155.
Poly (n-butylisocyanate)-benzene solutions prepared by solubilization at 45°C, followed by aging at room temperature were found to be metastable for months, although, eventually, they separated into a birefringent polymer-rich phase and an isotropic solution. These metastable solutions, as well as isothermally phase-separated biphasic samples, flowed and exhibited dynamic moduli indicative of low polymer connectivity. By contrast samples prepared by a freeze-thaw cycle were uniformly and highly birefringent and showed network (gel) behavior at room temperature. The mechanism of gel formation is most likely the exclusion of the polymer from the benzene crystal during crystallization, forcing the polymer to align and exist at grain boundaries. Films formed from solutions have different moduli than those formed from gels, and are consistent with the proposed mechanism. 相似文献
156.
轴端沟槽底部激光强化工艺参数优化研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
分析了选用不同激光能量密度对HT300进行表面强化处理时,材料表面呈现的四种状况;未相变硬化、相变硬化、表面微熔与表面熔凝的金相组织。根据工艺要求,选取相变硬化方法对轴端沟槽底表面进行处理。分析了工件激光处理方法并通过试验研究,寻找轴端沟槽底部激光强化工艺参数;激光功率(P)、光斑直径(D)及扫描速度(V)的优化组合。硬度测试及耐磨性能试验表明:激光相变处理和激光熔凝处理后轴端沟槽底部表面较表面感应淬火硬度分别提高7%和34%,绝对磨损体积分别下降了13%和25%。实践证实,对轴端沟槽底部激光相变硬化处理方法较其他表面处理方法工艺简单,加工工件符合技术要求,试验结果对零件表面处理提供了可靠依据。 相似文献
157.
P. Kurpas A. Oster M. Weyers A. Rumberg K. Knorr W. Richter 《Journal of Electronic Materials》1997,26(10):1159-1163
Reflectance anisotropy spectroscopy (RAS) has been used to study As-by-P exchange during metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy.
The study focuses on the processes occurring during switching from GaAs to GaInP, especially the effect of purging PH3 over a GaAs surface. GaAsP/GaAs superlattices of different periodicity were grown and the P-content was determined by high-resolution
x-ray diffraction and correlated to the RAS spectra. From the temperature dependence of the P-content, an activation energy
of 0.56 eV was estimated for the incorporation mechanism. In addition to the insights into the processes at mixed group-V
heterointerfaces, our study demonstrates the reproducibility of RAS transients that thus can be used for process monitoring. 相似文献
158.
The structural phase transition from orthorhombic (T) phase to tetragonal (T′) phase in substituted La2−x
R
x
CuO4 (R = Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu and Gd) and T′ to T-phase in Pr2−x
M
x
CuO4−y
(M = Sr, Ca) has been studied by X-ray diffraction technique. The T-phase of La2CuO4 is transferred to T′ phase abruptly atx=0.8, 0.4, 0.4, 0.3 and 0.4 respectively for substitution of Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu and Gd for La in La2CuO4 without evidence of the T* phase. The T′ structure of Pr2CuO4 (x = 0.0) gets transformed to the T* structure at 30% Ca doping (x=0.6) and then to the T structure at 50% Ca doping (x=1.0), while for Sr-contentx=0.0, 0.4 and 1.0 it shows T′, T* and T structure respectively. 相似文献
159.
B. V. Derjaguin 《Progress in Surface Science》1992,40(1-4):240-251
A review is presented about research on surface forces and surface interactions conducted over the past half-century, with some emphasis on the pioneering contributions of the Department of Surface Phenomena at the Institute of Physical Chemistry of the USSR Academy of Sciences. 相似文献
160.
The Stokes motions of three-dimensional screw-sensed slender particles in a homogeneous shear field are investigated, including the effects of buoyancy. Conclusions are drawn about the possibility of achieving a separation of mixtures of right- and left-handed particles. The linearity of the Stokes equations allows complex flows to be solved by adding the effects of the several terms which describe the flow in which the particle is immersed. The homogeneous shear flow considered here consists of three such terms; solutions for a series of 12 unit motions are sufficient to determine the hydrodynamic resistance tensors. The forces and torques experienced by screw-sensed particles are calculated from these 51 resistance tensors, using slender-filament theory. The results allow an estimate of the range of buoyancy parameters for which gravitational sedimentation can be neglected. The fundamental component of the particle motion is a rotation, at approximately the same angular velocity as that of the fluid. Superimposed on this are variations, of large period, in the particle orientation. A phase plane analysis is used to find the terminal orientations. Very long calculation times are required for the phase portrait. An approximate method based on azimuthally-averaged equations is developed to avoid the requirements for long time integration. 相似文献