Factors that affect quantification of diode array data in comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography using chemometric data analysis

There has been a tremendous increase in research on comprehensive two dimensional LC (LC×LC); however, to date, the central analytical issue, quantification, has received only minimal attention. It is vital to the further development of LC×LC that a greater understanding of the specific factors affecting peak quantification in LC×LC be attained. This work focuses on the following factors: data complexity, retention time shifting, dynamic range issues, chromatographic and spectral peak overlap and difficulties related to background signal removal. The above mentioned factors that affect peak quantification are investigated using fourteen replicate analyses of a urine sample, representing the effects of such factors when analyzing samples in complex matrices. We demonstrate that quantification of LC×LC data is improved following implementation of chemometric techniques that minimized the deleterious effects on quantification due to chromatographically overlapped peaks, retention time shifting and background signal interference. The chemometrically resolved data shows a 2.5-fold increase in precision of quantification over the quantification of the raw data. It is also demonstrated that the method quantifies sixteen peaks that were not visually evident prior to chemometric analysis. The purpose of this paper is to determine the impact of these issues on the effectiveness of LC×LC as a technique for the quantitative analysis of complex samples.     

基于FFT校频的分段匹配滤波器性能分析

为了对动态PN码捕获中使用的分段匹配滤波器的设计进行指导,在建立其数学模型的基础上,分析了分段数、FFT点数与载波频偏对滤波器性能的影响。结果表明,增加分段数可以减小载波频偏对相关峰的影响;增加FFT点数可以提高频偏校正的精度;在环境噪声为高斯白噪声情况下,存在最佳的分段数和FFT点数组合,可以用最小运算量达到最佳捕获效果。     

一种应用于直接变频系统的低功耗混合信号直流失调消除电路

A low power mixed signal DC offset calibration (DCOC) circuit for direct conversion receiver applications is designed. The proposed DCOC circuit features low power consumption, fast settling time and a small die area by avoiding the trade-off between loop response time and the high pass frequency of the DCOC servo loop in conventional analog DCOC systems. By applying the proposed DC offset correction circuitry, the output residue DC offset voltages are reduced to less than 38 mV and the DCOC loop settling time is less than 100 μs. The DCOC chip is fabricated in a standard 0.13-μm CMOS technology and drains only 196 μA from a 1.2-V power supply with its chip area of only 0.372 × 0.419 mm².     

一种新的三维纯角度无偏定位跟踪算法

三维空间中多站纯角度无源定位跟踪实质上是一个非线性状态估计问题。经典的扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)算法等递推类算法性能不稳定,而将非线性观测方程转化为伪线性方程会产生有偏估计。为了实现快速稳定无偏定位跟踪,提出了一种新的双站纯角度快速渐进无偏定位跟踪算法。该算法通过对未知状态变量含二次约束的伪线性方程进行约束最小二乘(CLS)极小化处理,最终只需要对一对矩阵束进行广义特征分解即可获得目标状态估计值。仿真结果表明,该算法与EKF算法及最小二乘(LS)算法相比,定位性能更稳定,精度更高,在测量误差较大或者两个观测站测量误差不一致时优势更明显。     

Double-Layer Data Embedding Scheme Based on Three-Pixel Differences

Steganography is a technique to hide the secret data into digital media without getting any unexpected notices. The traditional steganographic method, namely least significant bit (LSB) replacement, is a simple but insecure scheme. To overcome the traditional drawbacks, this paper proposes a steganographic scheme, which is called double-layer hiding method. The experimental results confirm that the proposed scheme achieves better hiding capacity with high ability of resisting security analysis.     

LS-SVM在桥梁结构健康预测评估中的研究

桥梁的结构变形包含的桥梁结构内涵信息丰富,具有非线性、时序性和样本容量小的特点.利用支持向量机,以杭州湾大桥实测变形数据为研究对象,提出了基于LS-SVM的桥梁结构变形预测模型,通过实验证明了运用其对桥梁结构健康状况进行评估的可行性和有效性,并且通过实验结果对比显示了最小二乘支持向量机在变形预测中的优势.     

航天扩频测控系统中伪码捕获方法研究

 针对航天扩频测控系统的捕获需求,提出一种能够降低谱峰衰减且具有较高频率估计精度的FFT伪码捕获方法.在部分匹配滤波过程中采用汉宁窗对数据加权后再累加,以减小谱峰衰减.采用插值FFT估计多普勒频率,以提高频率估计精度,根据不同测控环境下伪码捕获的特点,分析比较了抛物线插值法和改进的Rife法两种插值算法.理论分析和仿真结果表明,改进方法能够减小FFT输出的峰值衰减,提高多普勒频率估计精度.     

尺度可调的混合核RBF网络

针对传统核模型中采用单一核函数的局限性,利用两个核函数的线性组合得到混合核.在RBF网络的训练中,采取正交最小二乘的方法进行逐步回归建模.在学习每个神经元参数时,首先,用全局K均值聚类法得到数据样本的聚类中心,然后对每一个聚类中心,利用群搜索优化器搜索出最佳的尺度和混合核调节参数,误差最小的参数组合即为径向基函数参数....     

一种基于自适应双向扩散过程的无源毫米波图像去噪与增强

研究和设计了一种新型自适应双向扩散过程,对无源毫米波图像进行降噪和增强处理.根据图像的局部特征进行自适应扩散处理,在图像的同质区域进行各向同性扩散降低噪声,在图像的边缘处沿着图像边缘的切向方向进行正向扩散降低噪声,沿着图像边缘的法向方向进行反向扩散锐化边缘.通过对仿真图像和实测的91.5 GHz无源毫米波图像的实验表明...