基于PWM和Sigma-Delta调制的数字音频功率放大器的实现

介绍了一种新型的功率放大器,通过Sigma-Delta调制和PWM(脉宽调制)技术,将音频数字信号转换成PWM信号,经外接的模拟低通滤波器还原出原始的音频信号.该功率放大器在保持高品质声音的同时能够极大地提高电源的使用效率.分析了信号处理过程中非线性误差产生原因,提出了相应的纠正措施,还介绍了PWM和高阶Sigma-Delta调制器的设计及实现方法.     

An anti‐repeater‐jamming approach based on blind source separation for the downlink of satellite communication systems

In this paper, an anti‐jamming approach is proposed for the downlink of satellite communication systems when encountering a hostile repeater‐jamming. Based on blind source separation, this approach can eliminate repeater‐jamming by separating the mixtures of the communication signals and the repeater‐jamming. Meanwhile, oversampling method is employed to transform the underdetermined mixing of signals into a determined mixing for facilitating the separation. In the simulations, the symbol error ratio (SER) of the separated communication signals can approximate the theory SER, and the anti‐repeater‐jamming capacity can arrive to nearly 28 dB.     

基于过抽样Gabor变换的核磁共振FID信号增强算法

基于作者先前提出的过抽样实值离散Gabor变换,本文提出了一有效的算法用于核磁共振自由感应衰减（NMR FID）信号的减噪. 由于NMR FID信号在时域中是一短暂的振荡衰减信号,使得变换后的NMR FID信号能量在时频域中集中在少数变换系数上,而噪声则遍布在整个变换系数上,因此通过对变换系数幅度进行阈值限制方法可达到明显地增强NMR FID信号的目的. 文中在理论和模拟实验上分析表明,过抽样Gabor变换比临界抽样Gabor变换更适宜于NMR FID信号的减噪,因为在过抽样条件下比在临界抽样条件下的综合窗及其对应的分析窗,无论是在时域中还是在频域中都可具有更好的局域分布集中性,同时,Gabor变换在过抽样条件下也比在临界抽样条件下具有更高的时频精度.     

基于matlab的一种高精度级联Sigma-Delta调制器的结构设计

过采样技术给在VLSI领域的高精度数模转化器的实现提供帮助.该文提供了一个在时间上连续的2-2-2级联Sigma-Delta调制器结构设计.该级联调制器由3级二阶振荡环路滤波器,1-bit量化器和反馈部分的数模转化器组成.在MATLAB环境下,通过大量仿真验证最后得出:在采样率为50 MHz、5V工作电压、过采样比为32的条件下,利用CMOS 0.18μm 工艺,该调制器其SQNR为87 dB.     

Instrumentation of coherent X-ray imaging and the primary experimental results

Coherent X-ray microscopy has advanced towards higher-energy, more brilliant sources over the past decade since its demonstrations, and many advancements have been made towards optimizing this imaging technique. Here we present both the experimental instrument for obtaining diffraction patterns and the primary reconstruction of yeast cell 2D projection. In addition, the characteristics of the existing optics at BL29XUL of SPring-8 Facility and the method of image reconstruction are discussed.     

常规采样与过采样点目标检测性能比较分析

对于红外扫描有效载荷等光电探测系统,瞬时视场的减小(提高分辨率)对抑制背景杂波、提高检测概率和降低虚警率具有重要意义。过采样技术一直是提高仪器成像分辨率时的研究热点。针对点目标探测系统,对常规采样和过采样两种采样体制进行了对比分析。结果表明,在响应的标准差、平均响应和超出率方面,过采样系统具有明显优势。     

一款高速、低功耗的Sigma-Delta模数转换器

提出了一种高速、低功耗、高分辨率的新型Sigma-Delta模数转换器(ADC)结构。该结构选择过采样率(OSR)为32的4阶调制器设计以缓解输出速率和通带宽度的压力,采用级联和双量化的方法进行优化,并利用SIMSIDES工具(基于Simulink的Sigma-Delta仿真器)进行仿真。数字抽取滤波器部分由级联积分梳状(CIC)滤波器、有限长单位冲激响应(FIR)滤波器和半带(HB)滤波器组成,并且三级滤波器都采用了多相分解结构,以降低动态功耗。使用0.18μm的标准CMOS工艺实现数字抽取滤波器版图。仿真结果表明,在250 kHz带宽下,有效位宽(ENOB)为19 bit。     

基于GAN数据重构的电信用户流失预测方法

用户是运营商利益的核心。随着携号转网政策的出台,运营商之间的竞争越发激烈。为了提前精准有效地预测用户流失倾向,提出了一种基于生成对抗网络（generative adversarial network,GAN）数据重构的电信用户流失预测方法。首先,利用有效的数据预处理方法电信用户流失数据中的脏数据;其次,利用GAN重构电信用户流失数据,解决电信用户流失数据不平衡问题;最后,利用极度梯度提升树（extremegradient boosting,XGBoost）算法分别训练基于GAN重构的电信用户流失预测模型和基于合成少数类过采样技术（synthetic minority oversampling technique,SMOTE）采样的电信用户流失预测模型,对比两种模型的预测精度。实验结果表明,GAN重构后的电信用户流失预测模型预测精度比未重构的预测模型的准确率提升了6.75%,查准率提升了25.91%,召回率提升了30.91%,F1值提升了28.73%。该方法能够有效提升电信用户流失预测的准确度。     

Maximum Likelihood (ML) Symbol Timing Recovery (STR) Techniques for Reconfigurable PAM and QAM Modems

A fast symbol timing recovery (STR) scheme suitable for flexible-symbol-rate, burst-mode M-ary QAM (M-QAM) and PAM (M-PAM) demodulators used in broadband communications is proposed. The maximum- likelihood (ML) estimation is used to derive a feed-forward STR strategy to achieve fast and accurate derivation of the optimum timing instant with a very short training preamble for applications requiring short packet transmission. In addition, the signal sample at the optimum timing instant is reproduced by interpolation. Analysis to derive the ML-based timing estimation algorithm and STR structure is presented. Analytical models are developed to evaluate the effects of imperfect interpolation and channel additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) on the timing estimation performance. The derived expressions can be used for optimum interpolation filter design and selection of key parameters to achieve the required mean squared timing error. Simulation results are in good agreement with the analytical prediction.     

时空过采样探测系统性能仿真

基于星载扫描辐射计的工作原理,对传统的线列扫描成像系统和过采样系统的采样过程进行了数学建模和仿真成像,在两种采样模式下对点目标探测进行了仿真。在Matlab环境下对过采样探测系统进行了仿真图像的沿线阵方向的两倍空间过采样和扫描方向上（即时间上）的2~10倍的过采样仿真。通过对过采样探测系统各种工况下的仿真,得到了图像中信号能量值和目标尺寸大小的关系,分析了目标位置的不同对成像质量造成的影响。最后给出了不同大小目标两个通道上的四倍过采样图像,并分析了图像中存在的跨像元现象。