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991.
Joel Brewster Lewis 《Journal of Combinatorial Theory, Series A》2011,118(4):1436-1450
We define a class Ln,k of permutations that generalizes alternating (up-down) permutations and give bijective proofs of certain pattern-avoidance results for this class. As a special case of our results, we give bijections between the set A2n(1234) of alternating permutations of length 2n with no four-term increasing subsequence and standard Young tableaux of shape 〈n3〉, and between the set A2n+1(1234) and standard Young tableaux of shape 〈3n−1,2,1〉. This represents the first enumeration of alternating permutations avoiding a pattern of length four. We also extend previous work on doubly-alternating permutations (alternating permutations whose inverses are alternating) to our more general context.The set Ln,k may be viewed as the set of reading words of the standard Young tableaux of a certain skew shape. In the last section of the paper, we expand our study to consider pattern avoidance in the reading words of standard Young tableaux of any skew shape. We show bijectively that the number of standard Young tableaux of shape λ/μ whose reading words avoid 213 is a natural μ-analogue of the Catalan numbers (and in particular does not depend on λ, up to a simple technical condition), and that there are similar results for the patterns 132, 231 and 312. 相似文献
992.
993.
以宁波北仑区1990,1995,2000,2005,2010,2015年6期LandsatTM/OLI遥感影像为数据源,提取景观格局数据,进行景观格局及其生态风险区时空演化特征分析.结果表明:(1)研究区的主要景观类型是林地与耕地,景观演化的主要特征表现为建设用地景观面积大量增加,耕地景观面积明显减少,区域景观破碎化愈加明显;(2)25a间,研究区内低生态风险区大量减少,而中、较高和高生态风险区面积大大增加;高生态风险区主要分布于北部平原地区,重心向西南方向移动,人类活动使山麓地带大量低生态风险区转变为较低生态风险区;(3)1990~2015年,研究区内由低等级转向高等级的生态风险区面积占研究区总面积的42.5%;前期以低生态风险区、较低生态风险区转向中生态风险区为主,后阶段以中生态风险区转向较高生态风险区、高生态风险区的比例有所增加;1990~1995年、2000~2005年、2010~2015年3个时间段生态风险转换面积较大. 相似文献
994.
This paper extends the theory of reflexivity triples by extending notions and results in the theory of dual operator algebras to this more general setting. In addition, a complete and simple characterization is given for the reflexivity of two-dimensional pattern spaces of finite matrices. 相似文献
995.
Seed laser pulses with average power of 146 μW and pulse duration of 480 fs were amplified to 14.5 mW. The pulse duration was compressed to 260 fs using 6 m high concentration E3+r-doped fiber under forward pumping. The amplified signal pulse energy was 0.691 nJ (corresponding to a peak power of 2 657.7 W) and the repetition rate was 20.84 MHz. Spectrum breakup was observed simultaneously. The spectrum of pulses amplified by 3 m E3+r-doped fiber remains a single peak under different pump power. The amplified pulse duration was compressed abnormally with the increasing pump power using the backward pumping; that is, the amplified pulses were compressed with the increasing pump power under low pump power. When the pump power reached 38 mW, the shortest amplified pulse duration was 309 fs. With further increase in pump power, the amplified pulses began broadening, accompanied by a single peak spectrum under different pump power. 相似文献
996.
The wave equation of light beam propagation was written in the form of an axial-coordinate-dependent Schrdinger equation, and the expectation value of a dynamical variable, the trial function of variational approach and the ABCD law were discussed by use of quantum mechanics approach. In view of the evolution equations of expectation values of dynamical variables in the framework of quantum mechanics, the definition of a potential function representing the beam propagation stability and its universal formula with the quality factor, the universal formula of beam width and curvature radius for a paraxial beam and cylindrically symmetric non-paraxial beam, the general formula of second derivative of beam width with respect to the axial coordinate of beam for a paraxial beam, and the general criteria of the conservation of beam quality factor and the existence of a potential well of a potential function for a paraxial beam, were given or derived, respectively. Starting with the same trial function, the comparative research of our formulation with variational approach was done, which gave some further insight into the physical nature of a beam propagation parameters. The ABCD law of non-paraxial beam was discussed in terms of the definition of the non-paraxial expectation value of a dynamical variable for the first time. The applications to the media of constant second derivative of beam width with respect to the axial coordinate of a beam, square law media and the media of constant refractive index in the momentum representation were discussed, respectively. 相似文献
997.
Indicator space configuration for early warning of violent political conflicts by genetic algorithms
Recognition of preconflict situations has a powerful potential for early warning of violent political conflicts. This paper
focuses on the design and application of artificial neural networks as classifiers of preconflict situations. Achieving a
desired level of performance of the neural network relies on the appropriate construction of recognition space (selection
of indicators) and the choice of network architecture. A fast and effective method for the design of reliable neural recognition
systems is described. It is based on genetic algorithm techniques and optimizes both the configuration of input space and
the network parameters. The implementation of the methodology provides for increased performance of the classifier in terms
of accuracy, generalization capacity, computational and data requirements.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
998.
A structure for a heterologous double-stranded molecule consisting of an oligoribonucleotide and a β-stranded oligopeptide, paired through complementary Watson-Crick-type hydrogen bonding, is proposed. The basis for such complementary pairings between oligoribonucleotides and oligopeptides is the close correspondence of the distances between the side-chains attached to the backbones of the two molecules. Both inter-nucleotide spacing and inter-amino acid side-chain spacing are approximately 3.4 Å. These kinds of interactions may have implications in protein-mediated-RNA splicing. Formation of a heterologous duplex through such a pairing mode could provide a simple coding mechanism for a reciprocal information transfer between oligonucleotides and oligopeptides. Because of its simplicity and versatility, allowing both specific and nonspecific coding, interactions via these kinds of pairing may have been relevant for prebiotic molecular evolution and for generating complex biological molecules. 相似文献
999.
光电耦合器封装及相关失效机理 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
与一般的半导体器件相比,光电耦合器的工作原理、结构和封装设计独具特色。光耦的失效机理除与单独的LED、三极管相同外,还有它独有的失效机理。在简单介绍光耦的工作原理与封装结构的基础上,重点分析了几种与光耦封装有关的失效机理:导光胶或反射胶工艺控制不佳导致胶开裂、起皮;光耦内部材料间热膨胀系数不匹配,内部电连接开路;内部沾污产生腐蚀;塑料和内部有机胶吸潮发生"爆米花效应";外部电路异常导致光耦失效。并针对各种失效机理提出了改进措施。 相似文献
1000.