Perfect controlled joint remote state preparation independent of entanglement degree of the quantum channel

We construct a quantum circuit to produce a task-oriented partially entangled state and use it as the quantum channel for controlled joint remote state preparation. Unlike most previous works, where the parameters of the quantum channel are given to the receiver who can accomplish the task only probabilistically by consuming auxiliary resource, operation and measurement, here we give them to the supervisor. Thanks to the knowledge of the task-oriented quantum channel parameters, the supervisor can carry out proper complete projective measurement, which, combined with the feed-forward technique adapted by the preparers, not only much economizes (simplifies) the receiver's resource (operation) but also yields unit total success probability. Notably, such apparent perfection does not depend on the entanglement degree of the shared quantum channel. Our protocol is within the reach of current quantum technologies.     

Specific ionic effect for simple and rapid colorimetric sensing assays of amino acids using gold nanoparticles modified with task-specific ionic liquid

In this study, a novel task-specific ionic liquid functionalized gold nanoparticle (TSIL-GNP) was successfully prepared and applied in the recognition of amino acids. Particularly, the surface of GNP was modified with the ionic liquid containing carbamido and ester group via thiol, which was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The stability of this material in aqueous solution improves apparently and can remain unchanged for more than three months. The effect of pH was also discussed in this study. Attractive ionic interaction would effectively weaken intensity of the covalent coupling between the metal ion and the functional groups of amino acids. Thus, TSIL-GNP was successfully applied to recognizing serine, aspartic acid, lysine, arginine, and histidine in the presence of Cu²⁺ through distinctive color changes. Suspension would be generated once a spot of cysteine was added into the GNPs solution. Results indicated that it had a good linear relationship between extinction coefficients and concentration of amino acids in a wide range of 10⁻³–10⁻⁶ M. Moreover, the proposed strategy was successfully used to analyze the histidine in urinary samples. In brief, TSIL-GNP is a suitable substrate for discrimination of five amino acids in a rapid and simple way without sophisticated instruments.     

Thermodiffusion‐Assisted Pyroelectrics—Enabling Rapid and Stable Heat and Radiation Sensing

Sensors for monitoring temperature, heat flux, and thermal radiation are essential for applications such as electronic skin. While pyroelectric and thermoelectric effects are suitable candidates as functional elements in such devices, both concepts show individual drawbacks in terms of zero equilibrium signals for pyroelectric materials and small or slow response of thermoelectric materials. Here, these drawbacks are overcome by introducing the concept of thermodiffusion‐assisted pyroelectrics, which combines and enhances the performance of pyroelectric and ionic thermoelectric materials. The presented integrated concept provides both rapid initial response upon heating and stable synergistically enhanced signals upon prolonged exposure to heat stimuli. Likewise, incorporation of plasmonic metasurfaces enables the concept to provide both rapid and stable signals for radiation‐induced heating. The performance of the concept and its working mechanism can be explained by ion–electron interactions at the interface between the pyroelectric and ionic thermoelectric materials.     

Carbon dots with strong excitation-dependent fluorescence changes towards pH. Application as nanosensors for a broad range of pH

In this study, preparation of novel pH-sensitive N-doped carbon dots (NCDs) using glucose and urea is reported. The prepared NCDs present strong excitation-dependent fluorescence changes towards the pH that is a new behavior from these nanomaterials. By taking advantage of this unique behavior, two separated ratiometric pH sensors using emission spectra of the NCDs for both acidic (pH 2.0 to 8.0) and basic (pH 7.0 to 14.0) ranges of pH are constructed. Additionally, by considering the entire Excitation–Emission Matrix (EEM) of NCDs as analytical signal and using a suitable multivariate calibration method, a broad range of pH from 2.0 to 14.0 was well calibrated. The multivariate calibration method was independent from the concentration of NCDs and resulted in a very low average prediction error of 0.067 pH units. No changes in the predicted pH under UV irradiation (for 3 h) and at high ionic strength (up to 2 M NaCl) indicated the high stability of this pH nanosensor. The practicality of this pH nanosensor for pH determination in real water samples was validated with good accuracy and repeatability.     

基于耦合T型空腔的多重法诺共振现象

提出由T型空腔和挡板组成的两种金属-电介质-金属(MIM)波导结构,分别为:正T型空腔结构和倒T型空腔结构,并应用有限元法系统地研究了该结构的透射特性.对于正T型空腔结构,仿真结果出现了双重法诺共振现象,并且共振波长可以通过改变T型空腔长度和高度进行调节.该结构有助于设计成敏感度达到1 620nm/RIU、品质因数为5.4×10~4的纳米传感器.对于倒置T型空腔,在波导中产生了多重法诺共振现象,其敏感度可达1 560nm/RIU,品质因数为9.37×104.该结构有望在光学集成回路,特别是纳米传感器、光束分路器方面具有广泛应用.     

物联传感网噪声过滤的自适应线性权值算法

针对物联传感网络由于数据类型不一致造成散粒噪声.提出一种物联传感网络散粒噪声过滤的自适应线性权值算法.提取物联传感网络散粒噪声特征参数,对上述参数进行线性变换,获取噪声关联特征参数自适应线性权值,完成物联传感网络散粒噪声过滤.实验表明,该算法能够有效过滤物联传感网络中的散粒噪声,取得了令人满意的结果.     

Cyclo-energy detector for spectrum sensing in cognitive radio

In this paper, a cyclo-energy detector is proposed for the spectrum sensing problem based on the cyclostationary signal analysis. The proposed detector can determine the existence of primary user by estimating the primary user's received power according to the cyclostationarity features of the secondary user. By using this detector, the secondary user does not need to stop transmitting signals when sensing the frequency spectrum. Simulation results are presented to confirm the performance of the proposed detector.     

Marginal quality‐based long‐term incentive mechanisms for crowd sensing

Crowd sensing is a new paradigm that leverages pervasive sensor‐equipped mobile devices to provide sensing services like forensic analysis, documenting public spaces, and collaboratively constructing statistical models. Extensive user participation is indispensable for achieving good service quality. Nowadays, most of existing mechanisms focus on guaranteeing good service quality based on instantaneous extensive user participation for crowd sensing applications. Little attention has been dedicated to maximizing long‐term service quality for crowd sensing applications due to their heterogeneous interests, preferences, selfish behaviors, and so on. To fill these gaps, a closed‐form expression of the marginal sensing data quality based on the monopoly aggregation in economics is derived in this paper. Furthermore, we design marginal quality‐based incentive mechanisms for long‐term crowd sensing applications not only to enhance extensive user participation by maximizing the expected total profits of mobile users but also to stimulate mobile users to produce high‐quality contents by applying the marginal quality. Finally, simulation results show that our mechanisms outperform the existing solutions. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.