Synthesis and Crystal Structure of [{Cd(hmbdc)(H2O)3}·2H2O]n

A novel coordination polymer [{Cd(hmbdc)(H2O)3}·2H2O]n (hmbdc=5-hydroxy- isophthalic acid) has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectra and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal belongs to monoclinic, space group P21/c, with a=9.599(3), b=18.699(5), c=7.557(2) (A), β= 108.198(4)°, V=1288.6(6) (A)3, Z=4, Mr=382.60, Dc=1.972 g/cm3, F(000)=760, μ=1.740, the final R=0.0555 and wR=0.0995 for 1732 observed reflections with Ⅰ ＞ 2σ(Ⅰ). The structural analysis shows that the intermolecular hydrogen bonds and π-π interactions result in a three-dimensional supramolecular framework.     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a Novel Bimetallic Porphyrin Complex Salt {[MnTPP(CH3OH)2]3Fe(CN)6}·13H2O

A novel bimetallic porphyrin complex salt, {[MnTPP(CH3OH)2]3Fe(CN)6}·13H2O (TPP = tetraphenylporphyrin), has been synthesized and structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis. The crystal is of trigonal, space group R-3 with a = b = 31.0618(10), c = 11.8366(8) (A), Z = 3, V = 9890.3(8) (A)3, C144H134FeMn3N18O19, Mr = 2641.36, Dc = 1.330 g/cm3, μ(MoΚα) = 0.463 mm-1, F(000) = 4131, R = 0.0525 and wR = 0.1382 for 3045 observed reflections (I ＞ 2((I)). The title complex is composed of one [Fe(CN)6]3- anion, three [MnTPP(CH3OH)2] cations and thirteen water molecules, which are connected by multiform hydrogen bonds leading to a 3D supramolecular network structure.     

A Thienothiophene-Based Cation Treatment Allows Semitransparent Perovskite Solar Cells with Improved Efficiency and Stability

Perovskite surface treatment with additives has been reported to improve charge extraction, stability, and/or surface passivation. In this study, treatment of a 3D perovskite ((FAPbI₃)_1−x(MAPbBr₃)_x) layer with a thienothiophene-based organic cation (TTMAI), synthesized in this work, is investigated. Detailed analyses reveal that a 2D (n = 1) or quasi-2D layer does not form on the PbI₂-rich surface 3D perovskite. TTMAI-treated 3D perovskite solar cells (PSCs) fabricated in this study show improved fill factors, providing an increase in their power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) from 17% to over 20%. It is demonstrated that the enhancement is due to better hole extraction by drift-diffusion simulations. Furthermore, thanks to the hydrophobic nature of the TTMAI, PSC maintains 82% of its initial PCE under 15% humidity for over 380 h (the reference retains 38%). Additionally, semitransparent cells are demonstrated reaching 17.9% PCE with treated 3D perovskite, which is one of the highest reported efficiencies for double cationic 3D perovskites. Moreover, the semitransparent 3D PSC (TTMAI-treated) maintains 87% of its initial efficiency for six weeks (>1000 h) when kept in the dark at room temperature. These results clearly show that this study fills a critical void in perovskite research where highly efficient and stable semitransparent perovskite solar cells are scarce.     

Real-Time Control System Adopted to Energy Storage for Smart Grid Low Wind Applications: A Part of Distributed Renewables in Smart City

In this paper, extensive efforts have been undertaken to design and develop a control system, which is incorporated with an energy storage device that can store energy from low-voltage renewable sources. The developed device acts as a storage element, which can be used to charge small-scale batteries, cellular devices, and other applications in remote places where the grid connection is not available. The circuit is developed using a case-by-case analysis. In order to solve the low output voltage problem, a bipolar junction transistor-metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor (BJT-MOSFET) based switch control technology with the Arduino microcontroller has been implemented. The developed control system is extremely efficient in charging batteries through a supercapacitor for low-voltage sources. In this research, a small-scale 200-W portable vertical axis wind turbine is used at a wind speed of 3 m/s. The result shows the efficiency of the proposed system as compared with the conventional systems. The proposed system can be an important tool of the latest distributed energy generation technology which is an important part of a smart city. Lastly, the limitations and future scopes of the development of the control device are discussed for the future barrier. An important future scope identified is to integrate the Internet of Things based mobile interface for remote monitoring for any kind of pandemic situation like COVID-19. Now, it is high time to get our smart city concept aligned with the post COVID pandemic situation and get us prepared smartly for similar future occurrences.     

INVESTIGATION OF STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES FOR POLYMER SYSTEMS BASED ON DYNAMIC RHEOLOGICAL APPROACHES

The dynamic theological measurements have been a preferred approach to the characterization of the structure and properties for multi-component or multi-phase polymer systems, due to its sensitive response to changes of structure for these heterogeneous polymers. In the present article, recent progresses in the studies on dynamic theology for heterogeneous polymer systems including polymeric composites filled with inorganic particles, thermo-oxidized polyolefins, phaseseparated polymeric blends and functional polymers with the scaling and percolation behavior are reviewed, mainly depending on the results by the authors‘ group. By means of theological measurements, not only some new fingerprints responsible for the evolution of morphology and structure concerning these polymer systems are obtained, the corresponding results are also significant for the design and preparation of novel polymer-based composites and functional materials.     

Synthesis of novel aza analogues of 2-substituted-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxins as potential new scaffolds for drug discovery

New synthesis approaches that have led to a series of novel aza analogues of the 2-substituted-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin core, bearing versatile bromomethyl group on the non aromatic oxygenated ring, are described. According to their structures these novel scaffolds can be useful intermediates for the preparation of potential new therapeutic agents.     

一维多重接力COSY和选择性远程DEPT核磁共振技术在新分子骨架生物碱结构测定和谱峰归属研究中的应用

自防已科千金藤根中分得一个新型分子骨架的四氢异喹林类生物碱—excentricine(1)。本工作采用一维多重接力COSY和选择性远程DEPT核磁共振新技术成功地确定谱峰归属,鉴别和连结被季碳和杂原子分割开的自旋体系,测定了其结构。     

Synthesis of iron‐based metal organic framework and its visible light‐driven photocatalytic degradation of dye pollutants

A novel metal–organic compound [Fe (ox)(phen)]_n (phen = 1,10‐Phennannthroline, ox = oxalate acid) has been hydrothermally synthesized and structurally characterized by X‐ray single‐crystal diffraction, X‐ray diffraction, IR, UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The compound crystallized in monoclinic,space group P2₁ with a = 0.92289 (3) nm, b = 1.35719 (3) nm, c = 1.02012 (4) nm,β = 94.372 (2)°,V = 1.27402(8)nm³,Z = 2,and exhibited a 2D layer structure. The photocatalytic activities of the compound were evaluated by decomposing Rhodamine B (RhB) and methyl orange (MO) under the visible light irradiation. In addition, the mechanism of the photocatalytic properties were proposed during this process.     

Synthesis and characterization of MgO nanoparticles supported on ionic liquid‐based periodic mesoporous organosilica (MgO@PMO‐IL) as a highly efficient and reusable nanocatalyst for the synthesis of novel spirooxindole‐furan derivatives

The synthesis and catalytic application of a novel MgO containing periodic mesoporous organosilica with ionic liquid framework (MgO@PMO‐IL) is described. The prepared MgO@PMO‐IL was characterized by Fourier transform‐infrared spectroscopy, N₂ adsorption/desorption, transmission electron microscopy, field emission‐scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric and inductively coupled plasma analyses. This nanocatalyst was successfully applied as a highly efficient and recoverable catalyst for the synthesis of novel spirooxindole‐furan derivatives via the three‐component reaction of 1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds, N‐phenacyl pyridinium salts and isatin derivatives. The products were achieved in high to excellent yields with a simple work‐up procedure and short reaction times, and the catalyst could be recovered through a simple filtration process and successfully reused seven times without any significant decrease in its efficiency.     

Precise measurement of the micron-scale spot of ultrashort laser pulse based on film scanning

A novel and precise micron-scale nanosecond laser spot measurement based on film-scanning method is presented. The method can be used to measure the spot size, beam profile, and intensity distribution of the pulse.