系统数值优化方法的研究与应用

大系统具有结构复杂、功能综合、因素众多等特点,相应的规划和决策问题的求解是非常困难的。我们针对大系统工程规划和决策的特点,结合运筹学的原理,提出了大系统数值优化概念,建立了优化模型,给出了优化问题的求解方法;并选择了中石油的DS-1油田作为应用实例,进行了油田采油工程数值优化,取得了很好的效果。为一般的复杂工程系统的规划和决策提供了一个新方法。     

An Objective Prior from a Scoring Rule

In this paper, we introduce a novel objective prior distribution levering on the connections between information, divergence and scoring rules. In particular, we do so from the starting point of convex functions representing information in density functions. This provides a natural route to proper local scoring rules using Bregman divergence. Specifically, we determine the prior which solves setting the score function to be a constant. Although in itself this provides motivation for an objective prior, the prior also minimizes a corresponding information criterion.     

Constraint qualifications in linear vector semi-infinite optimization

Linear vector semi-infinite optimization deals with the simultaneous minimization of finitely many linear scalar functions subject to infinitely many linear constraints. This paper provides characterizations of the weakly efficient, efficient, properly efficient and strongly efficient points in terms of cones involving the data and Karush–Kuhn–Tucker conditions. The latter characterizations rely on different local and global constraint qualifications. The global constraint qualifications are illustrated on a collection of selected applications.     

A multi-objective mathematical model for the industrial hazardous waste location-routing problem

Industrial hazardous waste management involves the collection, transportation, treatment, recycling and disposal of industrial hazardous materials that pose risk to their surroundings. In this paper, a new multi-objective location-routing model is developed, and implemented in the Marmara region of Turkey. The aim of the model is to help decision makers decide on locations of treatment centers utilizing different technologies, routing different types of industrial hazardous wastes to compatible treatment centers, locations of recycling centers and routing hazardous waste and waste residues to those centers, and locations of disposal centers and routing waste residues there. In the mathematical model, three criteria are considered: minimizing total cost, which includes total transportation cost of hazardous materials and waste residues and fixed cost of establishing treatment, disposal and recycling centers; minimizing total transportation risk related to the population exposure along transportation routes of hazardous materials and waste residues; and minimizing total risk for the population around treatment and disposal centers, also called site risk. A lexicographic weighted Tchebycheff formulation is developed and computed with CPLEX software to find representative efficient solutions to the problem. Data related to the Marmara region is obtained by utilizing Arcview 9.3 GIS software and Marmara region geographical database.     

On the structure of multiobjective combinatorial search space: MNK-landscapes with correlated objectives

The structure of the search space explains the behavior of multiobjective search algorithms, and helps to design well-performing approaches. In this work, we analyze the properties of multiobjective combinatorial search spaces, and we pay a particular attention to the correlation between the objective functions. To do so, we extend the multiobjective NK-landscapes in order to take the objective correlation into account. We study the co-influence of the problem dimension, the degree of non-linearity, the number of objectives, and the objective correlation on the structure of the Pareto optimal set, in terms of cardinality and number of supported solutions, as well as on the number of Pareto local optima. This work concludes with guidelines for the design of multiobjective local search algorithms, based on the main fitness landscape features.     

Design of objective lens with reflective spherical Fresnel zone plate

An objective lens composed of a spherical Fresnel zone plate mirror and aspheric mirrors is designed.The Fresnel zone plate with a spherical shape is analyzed, and the method to approximately replace the aspherical mirror with spherical Fresnel zone plate is deduced. The objective lens is designed with a single spherical Fresnel zone plate mirror and three aspherical mirrors. Under the condition of 100 × magnification,2.5 Fresnel number and 120° field angle, the modulation transfer function can reach above 40% at 0.6 line pairs/mm on the magnification side, and the distortion is less than 2.2%. This method can provide a reference for the application of Fresnel zone plate in visible light imaging, and has a bright future with the continuous development of the fabrication technique of Fresnel devices.     

加快黑龙江省软件产业发展的探讨

软件产业是国家重点扶持的产业,文中简述了发展软件产业的重要作用和地位.介绍了黑龙江省软件产业发展现状及存在的问题.分析了黑龙江省加快发展软件产业的有利条件,提出了黑龙江省软件产业发展的主要目标,推进的重点工作、政策与措施保障.     

玻璃微珠球度自动测试

将现代光学测试技术、计算机技术和光电子技术相结合, 研究了基于面阵CCD,成像物镜和微机的微小尺寸检测系统, 实现了二维尺寸的高精度、非接触、实时自动检测。系统结构简单, 易于操作, 对环境要求宽松。为实现二维尺寸的非接触自动检测, 需要获得被测工件的边缘轮廓参数。解决了非线性平滑、阈值确定和边缘提取等关键技术, 利用边缘轮廓跟踪的方法获取工件的边缘轮廓图像, 系统可精确地确定工件的边缘轮廓曲线。作为实例对微米级玻璃珠的球度进行了测试。该测试系统为非接触式测量, 克服了传统测试方法一些固有的缺点, 不会对工件造成永久性损伤。实验表明该系统测量范围大, 绝对精度达到3.0 μm, 重复性好。     

Perceptual quality assessment for multimodal medical image fusion

Recent years have witnessed that the multimodal medical image fusion (MMIF) plays critical roles in clinical diagnostics and treatment. Many MMIF algorithms have been proposed to improve the MMIF images quality. The quality of multimodal medical fused images will significantly affect the results of the clinical diagnosis. However, little work has been designed to evaluate the effectiveness of MMIF algorithms and the quality of MMIF images. To this end, this paper presents a perceptual quality assessment method for MMIF. A MMIF image database (MMIFID) is first built to employ the classical MMIF algorithms, and the subjective experiment is conducted to assess the quality of each fused image. Then, a no-reference objective method is proposed for the perceptual quality evaluation of MMIF images,which uses Pulse Coupled Neural Network (PCNN) in Non-subsampled Contourlet Transform (NSCT). A fused image is decomposed by NSCT into low frequency sub-band (LFS) and high frequency sub-band (HFS). It is used to motivate the PCNN processing, and large firing times are employed to measure LFS and HFS. Finally, two components evaluation results are combined to obtain the overall objective quality score. Experimental results based on the MMIFID indicate that our presented method outperforms the existing image fusion quality evaluation metrics, and it provides a satisfactory correlation with subjective scores, which shows effectiveness in the quality assessment of medical fused images.     

多频点同时反演策略在频域全波形反演中的应用和实现

频域全波形反演能够获得高分辨率的反演结果,具有较高的计算效率,因此得到广泛应用.在传统单频点串行反演策略的基础上,提出一种多频点同时反演策略,并推导出一种新的目标函数表达式,应用于频域全波形反演算法中.该策略能够同时反演所有的频率分量,对于一组频点中的每个频点进行加权求和处理,从而避免了高频分量在反演结果中占据主导,同时避免反演结果中存在噪声干扰.分别用三种不同的模型进行验证.实验表明,相对于传统的单频点策略,多频点策略的反演结果具有更好的稳定性、正确性和鲁棒性;而且对于模型中明显介质边界的位置,它的反演结果更接近于目标模型.