微波功率器件的滤波器测试电路

在微波电路原理和半导体器件物理的基础上,设计和模拟了三种用于微波功率器件的测试电路,并且设计了与之配套的测试夹具.采用矢量网络分析仪对该测试电路和夹具,在3～8GHz范围内进行了小信号测试.模拟和测试结果表明,采用阶梯阻抗滤波器偏置网络的测试电路性能较好,比采用扇形线偏置网络的测试电路具有更宽的带宽.该滤波器偏置电路能够用来在整个C波段,即在4～8GHz内对微波功率器件进行测试.但是,微带叉指耦合电容没有起到取代贴片隔直电容的目的,原因是该结构对参数精度要求高,而PCB制作工艺无法满足这个要求.     

色散补偿方式对相位调制系统中相位噪声的影响

分别推导了相位调制系统中采用色散预补偿方式和后补偿方式下非线性相位噪声的计算公式,基于此对这两种色散补偿方式下的相位噪声、功率容限以及最优信号峰值功率进行了详细的分析和讨论,结果表明:采用色散预补偿方式较后补偿方式能更有效地抑制非线性相位噪声,其对非线性相位噪声的抑制能力随着信号能量、放大自发辐射(ASE)的功率谱密度以及传输距离的增加而提高;同时,色散预补偿系统具有更高的功率容限;色散的作用使系统的最优信号峰值功率增大,最佳相移大于1rad;色散预补偿系统的最优信号峰值功率大于色散后补偿系统。     

利用Ⅱ类相位匹配实现稳定倍频输出

提出利用Ⅱ类相位匹配方法实现稳定倍频输出,并对该方法进行了理论分析和数值模拟。数值模拟是对KTP晶体xy平面内的Ⅱ类相位匹配倍频过程进行的。数值计算结果表明,Ⅱ类相位匹配倍频过程中,当基频光以除最佳入射偏振角之外的偏振方向入射时,倍频强度曲线随倍频晶体长度增加而呈周期性变化;由于这种周期性变化的存在,当基频光起伏变化时,倍频强度曲线会交叉汇聚,出现倍频稳定区;当偏离角(入射偏振角与最佳入射偏振角差值)一定时,随着基频光入射强度的增大,实现稳定倍频输出所需的倍频晶体长度减小,稳定输出时倍频效率不变;当基频光强度一定时,随着偏离角的增大,倍频输出稳定性提高,倍频效率稍有下降。     

用FPGA实现多路PWM输出的接口设计与仿真

在电机控制等许多应用场合,需要产生多路频率和脉冲宽度可调的PWM(脉宽调制)波形。文中用Altera公司FPGA(现场可编程门阵列)产品开发工具QuartusⅡ,以设计6路PWM输出接口为例,介绍了用FPGA实现多路PWM输出的接口设计和仿真方法,并给出了功能仿真和器件仿真的波形。在嵌入式系统中通过FPGA扩展系统功能,整个系统的效率和功能可以得到最大限度的提高,是一种较好的选择。     

电力有源补偿及滞环电流跟踪控制研究

本文在对电力系统有源无功与谐波补偿的原理进行理论分析的基础上,运用其有关分析结果主要讨论一种电力有源滤波器主电路及变结构非线性控制系统的组成和工作原理,给出了一种变结构滞环电流跟踪控制的思路,通过Pspice软件对单相和三相系统进行了仿真研究,仿真结果证实了该系统及控制方法的正确性与可行性。     

读出电路的输出摆幅和线性范围研究

焦平面读出电路的一种常用结构是以电容跨阻抗放大器(CTIA)作为输入级，相关双采样(CDS)方式提取信号并抑制噪声，源跟随器方式输出信号。本文比较了在不同的采样开关管和源随器组合方式下，电路的输出摆幅和线性范围的变化。并通过分析不同类型的开关管和源随器的输入输出特性，指出了这种变化的原因。最后得出结论，应当根据积分电容的积分端电压的变化方式，来选择适当的开关管和源随器组合，以获得最大的输出摆幅和线性范围。     

Projection 2 Goes Turbulent - and Fully Implicit

We describe and demonstrate both our newest projection method (fully implicit) for the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations via the finite element method and our newest turbulence model - a somewhat sophisticated nonlinear (cubic) eddy viscosity model that does not employ wall functions or normal distances to walls - the combination providing a method and a model that is each applicable in arbitrary geometry. We demonstrate both via a flow simulation past an automobile-like body at a Reynolds number of 4.3 million.     

Nonlinear model-predictive control with hysteresis compensation of an electro-pneumatic clutch for truck applications

This contribution presents two real-time capable nonlinear model-predictive control (NMPC) approaches for an electro-pneumatic clutch for heavy trucks: a centralized control approach and a cascaded one. A clutch is necessary at start-up or during gear shifts to connect or disconnect the combustion engine and the gear box. This automated actuator disburdens the driver and provides the necessary actuation force according to the large torque typically transmitted through the drive train. The force characteristic of the clutch, however, is subject to hysteresis, which is described by a generalized Bouc–Wen model and used for a feedforward hysteresis compensation in the control algorithm. The proposed NMPC-algorithm involves (i) a minimization of the difference between the desired and predicted state vector at the end of the prediction horizon and (ii) flatness-based techniques to compute desired trajectories for the complete state vector as well as the control input. The optimal control is given by an additional, minimum-norm control input that minimizes the difference between the predicted state vector and the desired one at the end of the prediction horizon. Thereby, the computation effort of the NMPC approaches can be kept relatively small, and a real-time evaluation becomes possible. A reduced-order observer estimates an effective pressure in the clutch that also accounts for an uncertain disturbance force. Thereby, a disturbance compensation and a high tracking accuracy is achievable for the piston position as controlled variable. The efficiency of the two proposed control structures is emphasized by experimental results from a dedicated test rig.     

New series of AB2‐type hyperbranched polytriazoles derived from the same polymeric intermediate: Different endcapping spacers with adjustable bulk and convenient syntheses via click chemistry under copper(I) catalysis

In this article, according to the concept of “suitable isolation group,” six new AB₂‐type polytriazoles containing azo‐chromophore moieties, derived from the same hyperbranched polymer intermediate, were successfully prepared through click reaction under copper(I) catalysis by modifying the synthetic route, in which different isolation groups in different size were introduced to the periphery of the hyperbranched polymers as end‐capping moieties. With the different end‐capping groups, these hyperbranched polymers, P1 – P6 , exhibited different solubility and processability; also, their nonlinear optical properties were modified accordingly, realizing the adjustment of the properties of hyperbranched polymers through the structural design. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011