类氖-锗电子碰撞激发X光激光的增益特性

电子碰撞激发X光激光的增益特性依赖于电子密度Ne、电子温度Te、增益区宽度D R和介质速度梯度dv/dz等四个表征等离子体内部状态的参数。以类氖-锗离子为例研究了反转和增益特性对Te、Ne的依赖关系,并在典型的增益区宽度（D R=100 μm）和介质速度梯度（dv/dz=1.3×109s-1）下讨论了共振线俘获对增益特性影响,给出波长为19.6nm, 23.2nm和23.6nm三条激光线的增益目标区域。还讨论了双电子复合过程对离子布居的重要影响。     

Relative Permeabilities for Strictly Hyperbolic Models of Three-Phase Flow in Porous Media

Traditional mathematical models of multiphase flow in porous media use a straightforward extension of Darcys equation. The key element of these models is the appropriate formulation of the relative permeability functions. It is well known that for one-dimensional flow of three immiscible incompressible fluids, when capillarity is neglected, most relative permeability models used today give rise to regions in the saturation space with elliptic behavior (the so-called elliptic regions). We believe that this behavior is not physical, but rather the result of an incomplete mathematical model. In this paper we identify necessary conditions that must be satisfied by the relative permeability functions, so that the system of equations describing three-phase flow is strictly hyperbolic everywhere in the saturation triangle. These conditions seem to be in good agreement with pore-scale physics and experimental data.     

Persistence of regions with high segment density in polyethylene melts

Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spin-spin relaxation measurements were made on three commercial-grade polyethylenes in the melt state, free of solvent. All samples exhibit a three-component relaxation behavior, with components being assigned to amorphous low-molecular weight material (non-network fraction), amorphous entangled network fraction, and an ordered or high-segmental-density fraction, in order of decreasing relaxation times. Sample thermal history is shown to have a considerable effect on the overall relaxation behavior, and therefore on the relative amounts of each of the three components in the melt. An adequate thermal treatment of samples produces an equilibrium melt with invariant composition of the three fractions. The effects of thermal history on the relative amount of high-segment-density regions in the melt parallels its effect on the fraction of crystalline material in the solid polymer. These results are evidence for the persistence of ordered regions in polyethylene at temperatures well above the crystalline melting point of the polymer. We further comment on the nature of the two slower relaxing components and present examples of how the components manifest themselves in other polymer characterization techniques. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Optimization of the Size of Nonsensitiveness Regions

The problem is to determine the optimum size of nonsensitiveness regions for the level of statistical tests. This is closely connected with the problem of the distribution of quadratic forms.     

An exact estimate of the boundary behavior of functions from hardy-sobolev classes in the critical case

In the critical case αp=n functions from the Hardy-Sobolev spacesH _α ^p (B ⁿ ) have a limit almost everywhere on the boundary along certain regions of exponential contact with the boundary. It is proved in the paper that the maximal operator associated with these regions is bounded as an operator fromH _α ^p (B ⁿ ) toL ^p (ϖB ⁿ ). Translated fromMatematicheskie Zametki, Vol. 62, No. 4, pp. 527–539, October, 1997. Translated by N. K. Kulman     

A Novel Subfamily GH13_46 of the α-Amylase Family GH13 Represented by the Cyclomaltodextrinase from Flavobacterium sp. No. 92

In the CAZy database, the α-amylase family GH13 has already been divided into 45 subfamilies, with additional subfamilies still emerging. The presented in silico study was undertaken in an effort to propose a novel GH13 subfamily represented by the experimentally characterized cyclomaltodxtrinase from Flavobacterium sp. No. 92. Although most cyclomaltodextrinases have been classified in the subfamily GH13_20. This one has not been assigned any GH13 subfamily as yet. It possesses a non-specified immunoglobulin-like domain at its N-terminus mimicking a starch-binding domain (SBD) and the segment MPDLN in its fifth conserved sequence region (CSR) typical, however, for the subfamily GH13_36. The searches through sequence databases resulted in collecting a group of 108 homologs forming a convincing cluster in the evolutionary tree, well separated from all remaining GH13 subfamilies. The members of the newly proposed subfamily share a few exclusive sequence features, such as the “aromatic” end of the CSR-II consisting of two well-conserved tyrosines with either glycine, serine, or proline in the middle or a glutamic acid succeeding the catalytic proton donor in the CSR-III. Concerning the domain N of the representative cyclomaltodextrinase, docking trials with α-, β- and γ-cyclodextrins have indicated it may represent a new type of SBD. This new GH13 subfamily has been assigned the number GH13_46.     

缔造社会主义的中华民族大家庭—新中国民族区域自治制度的奠基历程

回溯《共同纲领》中所宣示的民族区域自治制度的制度要义以及这一制度的奠基历程,可以发现：社会主义,是民族区域自治制度的本质属性;巩固中华民族大家庭,是民族区域自治制度的制度依归。民族区域自治制度,强调的是广大少数民族群众当家作主、自主管理本民族内部事务的人民性;平等,作为社会主义的天然要求,是少数民族公民当家作主、行使自治权的前提;新中国在少数民族地区进行的宗教改革,实现了政教分离和社会主义政治法律体系的统一;民族区域自治制度,旨在建立亲密合作、团结互助的社会主义新型民族关系;因此,社会主义,是民族区域自治制度区别于中国古代羁縻制度的质的规定性所在;理解民族区域自治制度,必须把握好其社会主义的本质属性。民族区域自治制度,以缔造、巩固“中华民族大家庭”为制度依归,强调大家庭成员的团结统一、不可分离;在民族区域自治制度的奠基历程中,贯彻了社会主义大家庭的政治伦理,坚持深入基层、凝聚人心的群众路线,各族人民共同发展、共同建设社会主义现代化国家,在具体民族事务处理方面,则秉着商量办事、综合权衡的大家庭式处理方式。     

利用视觉目标遮挡和轮廓信息确定下一最佳观测方位

下一最佳观测方位的确定是视觉领域一个比较困难的问题。该文提出一种基于视觉目标深度图像利用遮挡和轮廓信息确定下一最佳观测方位的方法。该方法首先对当前观测方位下获取的视觉目标深度图像进行遮挡检测。其次根据深度图像遮挡检测结果和视觉目标轮廓构建未知区域,并采用类三角剖分方式对各未知区域进行建模。然后根据建模所得的各小三角形的中点、法向量、面积等信息构造目标函数。最后通过对目标函数的优化求解得到下一最佳观测方位。实验结果表明所提方法可行且有效。     

Stability properties of numerical methods for solving delay differential equations

Stability properties of numerical methods for delay differential equations are considered. Some suitable definitions for the stability of the numerical methods are included and Runge-Kutta type methods satisfying these properties are tested on a numerical example.     

Focussing and defocussing of ballistic phonons in diamond and Nb3Sn

The ballistic propagation of phonons in diamond and Nb₃Sn at 40 and at 4.2 K is examined. The nature of variation of the phonon magnification factor has been analysed both in the wave vector as well as group velocity spaces. Using the Polar Schmidt-net with Pole at (π/2,π/2), the mappings of phonon focussing and defocussing are made. It is shown that the mapping for theFTA mode for Nb₃Sn exhibits islands acting as impenetrable barriers for phonon propagation.