Hispidulin Ameliorates Endotoxin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Mice

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is an endotoxin that plays a crucial role in septic acute kidney injury (AKI). Hispidulin is a natural flavonoid that possesses various biological activities. Recent studies have shown that hispidulin administration alleviates various inflammatory diseases in animal models. This study aimed to investigate the renoprotective effect of hispidulin on LPS-induced AKI. Male C57BL/6 mice were administered LPS (10 mg/kg) with or without hispidulin (50 mg/kg). Hispidulin administration attenuated renal dysfunction, histological alterations, and the upregulation of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin. This flavonoid also reduced cytokine production and Toll-like receptor 4 expression, inhibited nuclear factor-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades, and alleviated immune cell infiltration. The oxidation of lipids and DNA was also inhibited by hispidulin administration. This antioxidant effect of hispidulin was associated with the downregulation of NADPH oxidase 4, the activation of catalase and superoxide dismutase activities, and the restoration of glutathione levels. Moreover, hispidulin administration attenuated tubular cell apoptosis by inhibiting caspase-3 pathway. These data suggest that hispidulin ameliorates endotoxin-induced kidney injury by suppressing inflammation, oxidative stress, and tubular cell death.     

Sustainability in Skin Care: Incorporation of Avocado Peel Extracts in Topical Formulations

The avocado peel is an agro-industrial by-product that has exhibited a massive increase in its production in the last few years. The reuse and valorisation of this by-product are essential since its disposal raises environmental concerns. In the present study, ethanolic extracts of avocado peels of the Hass variety were obtained, for three extraction times (1.5 h, 3 h and 4 h) and analysed for their antioxidant and antibacterial properties. Antioxidant evaluations of the extracts revealed that the extraction time of 1.5 h exhibited the best results amongst the three, with a DPPH inhibition percentage of 93.92 ± 1.29 and an IC₅₀ percentage, the necessary concentration of the extract to inhibit 50% of DPPH, of 37.30 ± 1.00. The antibacterial capacity of the extracts was evaluated and it was revealed that they were able to inhibit the growth and development of bacteria of the Staphylococcus family. The obtained extract was incorporated in two types of cosmetic formulations (oil-in-water and water-in-oil) and their stability was evaluated and compared with formulations containing synthetic preservatives (BHT and phenoxyethanol). The results of the stability evaluation suggest that the avocado peel extract has the potential to be incorporated in both types of emulsions, acting as an antioxidant and antibacterial agent, proving it to be a viable option to reduce/replace the use of synthetic preservatives. Furthermore, the avocado peel extract proved to be more effective and stable in oil-in-water emulsions. These results highlight the possibility of obtaining sustainable cosmetics, significantly reducing the negative impacts on the environment by the incorporation of extracts sourced from the avocado peel, an interesting source of phenolic compounds, an abundant and low-cost by-product.     

烧结金属纤维板大空间自然对流实验研究

实验研究了烧结金属纤维板在大空间下的自然对流换热,分析了倾角、孔隙率、纤维丝经、Ra数和金属纤维导热系数对换热性能的影响.实验结果表明:存在最优的角度(60°左右)使烧结金属纤维板的自然对流换热性能最好,但倾斜角度对烧结金属纤维板的换热影响没有光板显著;加热面的平均Nu数随着纤维直径和孔隙率的增加均先增加后减小;在实验...     

应用于地形匹配导航的激光高度计设计

为解决基于雷达高度表探测的地形匹配导航系统探测精度不高、易受电子干扰影响而失效、且在跨海飞行时无法导航的难题,设计了一种激光高度计来代替雷达高度表进行地形探测。采用二极管泵浦固体激光器技术设计激光发射装置,输出近红外/蓝绿双波长激光,既可以测量陆地地形高度,又可以穿透海水探测海底地形;并根据激光高度计拟达到的性能指标选择合适的光电探测器,优化设计了光学系统、扫描系统和信号处理系统。所设计的激光高度计具有体积小、重量轻、高重频、探测灵敏度高、抗电磁干扰能力强等特点。     

热力法开采地层天然气水合物的热动力评价

本文在推导热力作用下水合物地层温度分布基础上,发展了评价热力法开采天然气水合物的热效率(用于水合物分解的热量与输入总的热量之比)和能量效率(即输出能量与输入能量之比)的模型.模型分析表明,水合物地层热物性参数以及水合物饱和度决定了热力法开采的能量效率.在注入蒸汽开采初始条件下,能量效率可以达到7.0.     

Experimental thermal performance study of natural graphite as sensible heat storage material using different heat transfer fluids

In this paper thermal performance of graphite-based sensible heat storage system with embedded helical coil in rectangular shell was studied. Plain water at four flow rates (0.25 LPM–1.0 LPM) and four inlet temperatures (60°C–90°C) was passed through the graphite bed and charging time was measured. Expanded graphite/water suspension and Al₂O₃/water nanofluid were also used to study charging behavior of graphite. Results showed that charging time of packed bed was reduced with increase in flow rate and inlet temperature of heat transfer fluid. Charging time using expanded graphite/water solution and nanofluid was 14.2% and 21.2% lesser than water.

Abbreviations: h_i: internal heat transfer coefficient (W m^?2 K^?1); HTF: Heat transfer fluid; h_o: External heat transfer coefficient (W m^?2 K^?1); LPM: liter per minute; k: thermal conductivity (W m^?1 K^?1); TSU: Thermal storage unit     

周期性边界条件下多孔介质方腔内自然对流换热数值研究

对充满多孔介质的倾斜方腔,在其上下壁面绝热、右侧壁面维持恒温To及左侧壁面温度基于To随时间按正弦规律变化的情况下,采用Brinkman扩展达西模型和SIMPLER算法对方腔内的自然对流与换热进行了非稳态数值模拟,方腔倾角α的范围为0°～90°,Pr数为1,Ra数为106.计算研究不同的振荡频率和方腔倾角对方腔内对流换热的影响.数值模拟结果表明:振荡频率f为60π,方腔倾角为43°时,方腔内的换热最强.     

声音震碎酒杯实验

利用喇叭播放频率逐渐变化的声音,当声音的频率与酒杯的固有频率相同时,酒杯发生共振,从而震碎.     

近自然彩色图像融合算法及其实时处理系统的发展

在军事和生产领域,特别是在极其恶劣的可视条件下,图像融合技术越来越强调融合效果显示的"近自然"感觉,以及人类视觉感知的要求。从彩色图像融合算法的发展概况出发,着重介绍了两种具有代表性的基于视觉特性的近自然彩色图像融合方法,并特别阐述了课题组近期开展的相关算法研究成果。总结了国内外实时彩色图像融合系统的发展现状,概括了课题组已具备的硬件实验基础,综合分析了实时彩色图像融合技术的若干关键技术,如多源图像特征分析、实时图像配准、融合图像后处理等。针对实时图像融合技术的应用状况,提出图像融合系统未来的发展趋势。     

Measurement and analysis of excitation functions for alpha-induced reactions in copper

Excitation functions for the production of⁶⁸Ga,⁶⁷Ga,⁶⁶Ga,⁶⁵Ga +⁶⁵Zn and⁶¹Cu fromα-induced reactions in natural copper have been measured in the energy range ≈ 10–40 MeV using the stacked foil technique. A stack of nine copper foils was irradiated by a 40 MeVα-beam. Theγ-rays emitted from the irradiated samples were recorded. Excitation functions have also been calculated theoretically using a statistical model with and without the inclusion of pre-equilibrium emission of particles. Pre-equilibrium component simulated by exciton model shows that the inclusion of pre-equilibrium emission gives better agreement between experimental and theoretical excitation functions. Pre-equilibrium fraction depends on the incident energy and the target mass number.