叶片式混输泵内气液两相流的数值计算

气液两相流的数值模拟是多相混输技术研究中的一个难点.本文假定混输泵叶轮内为泡状流动,基于雷诺时均N-S方程和气液两相双流体模型,采用SIMPLEC算法,对叶片式混输泵叶轮内部两相三维紊流流场进行了数值计算,分析了水气混合工况下的流场分布特点.对含气率GVF=15%工况下的扬程特性进行了预测并与试验结果进行对比.数值计算结果表明,混输泵叶轮流道采用较小的径向尺寸差能较好地避免离心力所引起的气液分离,防止气堵现象的发生;叶轮进口部分存在的低压旋涡区容易使气体积聚,因此有必要进一步改进叶轮进口区的水力设计.     

基于Chan-Vese模型的树形结构多相水平集图像分割算法

由于Chan-Vese(C-V)模型通过单个水平集的符号将待分割图像划分为目标和背景两个部分,所以当图像的多个目标的轮廓成多连接时,C-V模型将无法表示.为了解决C-V模型在表示目标轮廓上的局限,提出了基于C-V模型的树形结构多相水平集算法.关键策略是通过改变图像背景,使得水平集在新图像上重新收敛;核心技术是依据同时明度对比提出的背景填充技术;算法流程采用多水平集串行收敛方式实现多相分割(n-1次收敛可以实现n相分割,n＞1).实验结果表明,本算法可以表示复杂的区域连接情况(n相分割最多可以表示n连接情况),能够实现多目标分割(n相分割可以实现n-1个目标分割),特别适合于目标中含有子目标的图像.     

含水合物沉积物多相渗流特性研究进展

天然气水合物作为一种储量大、无污染的清洁能源近些年受到了广泛关注. 近20年来,中国进行了较大范围的陆海域天然气水合物储层勘探与储量预测.2017年,中国地质调查局牵头对南海神狐海域的天然气水合物进行了基于降压渗流原理的试验性开采.国内外已进行的水合物试采工程面临着气体产量低、出砂较多等问题,其最主要的原因之一是开发过程中沉积物内复杂多相渗流机理尚不明晰.本文综述了平行毛细管模型、Kozeny模型等广泛应用于天然气水合物开发渗流分析的理论模型,对比分析了水合物开发多尺度渗流过程模拟方法,简述了国内外含水合物沉积物渗透率测试、渗流过程中沉积物物性演变以及水合物开采室内模拟等方面的渗流实验进展,总结了矿场尺度的天然气水合物储层开采过程中产气数值模拟手段,展望了多相渗流模型、储层原位含水合物样品室内测试及结构与物性演化、矿场尺度数值模拟与水平井压裂技术等应用研究的未来方向与挑战.      

微流控层流技术的研究

基于微型通道自身的层流特点而发展起来的多相层流技术,从最初的液-液微萃取开始,由于其结构加工简单、操作方便和分析功能强大,已逐渐发展成为一种加工分析方法,为微流控分析的研究应用打开了一个崭新的局面。本文概述了层流的基本原理,总结了近10年来在这方面的研究,包括层流界面间的分子扩散、转移现象和化学反应,以及层流刻蚀加工技术及其在制备纳米材料和在生命医学方面的应用。具体介绍了应用层流技术进行微芯片的加工制作,微型反应器的制备,离子、分子的分离分析,聚合物薄膜的形成和应用,微通道内有机合成反应的控制,溶液的浓度梯度控制以及在免疫检测中的应用,对细胞、生物大分子的操作控制,以及对生物试剂的预处理分析等。     

Numerical approach for generic three-phase flow based on cut-cell and ghost fluid methods

In this paper, we introduce numerical methods that can simulate complex multiphase flows. The finite volume method, applying Cartesian cut-cell is used in the computational domain, containing fluid and solid, to conserve mass and momentum. With this method, flows in and around any geometry can be simulated without complex and time consuming meshing. For the fluid region, which involves liquid and gas, the ghost fluid method is employed to handle the stiffness of the interface discontinuity problem. The interaction between each phase is treated simply by wall function models or jump conditions of pressure, velocity and shear stress at the interface. The sharp interface method “coupled level set (LS) and volume of fluid (VOF)” is used to represent the interface between the two fluid phases. This approach will combine some advantages of both interface tracking/capturing methods, such as the excellent mass conservation from the VOF method and good accuracy of interface normal computation from the LS function. The first coupled LS and VOF will be generated to reconstruct the interface between solid and the other materials. The second will represent the interface between liquid and gas.     

相位不匹配的量子搜索算法

 当搜索空间局限在二维复子空间中时,如果无序数据库中的总个数足够大,那么倘若任意的两个完全独立的相位旋转角集合(但其中一个集合中元素的个数相对于无序数据库中的总个数相对较小)满足多相位匹配方程,则仍然能以较高的成功概率找到唯一的目标态.本文针对一种带有特定前提条件的量子搜索问题,说明了可通过结合多相位匹配方程和经典的穷举算法以使得该目标态能以几乎接近100%的成功概率找到.最后给出了一个实例.     

一种用于脉冲式超宽带接收机的低抖动，低杂散多相输出锁相环

本文提出了一种用于脉冲式超宽带接收机的低抖动,低杂散多相输出锁相环。为了同时满足低抖动、低功耗和输出多相时钟这些需求,该锁相环基于一个环形振荡器结构。为了提高多相时钟的时间精度和相位噪声性能,设计了一个改善了噪声和匹配特性的压控振荡器。在设计中,通过良好的匹配电荷泵和仔细选择环路滤波器带宽来抑制参考频率杂散。测试结果表明,当载波频率为264 MHz时,1 MHz失调频率下的相位噪声为-118.42 dBc/Hz,均方根抖动为1.53 ps,参考频率杂散为-66.81 dBc。该芯片采用0.13 µm CMOS工艺制造,1.2 V电源电压下功耗为4.23 mW,占用0.14 mm2的面积。     

An approach to control the spurious currents in a multiphase lattice Boltzmann method and to improve the implementation of initial condition

Multiphase lattice Boltzmann methods are known to generate spurious or parasitic currents at the fluid–fluid interfaces. This nonphysical phenomenon has to be avoided, or at least controlled, in order to achieve reliable solutions. In this article, a method to control these fictitious velocities via lattice refinement is proposed, which is based on interface thickness control for which both the spurious currents and the physical fluid–fluid interface thickness vanishes as the spatial resolution increases. It has been found that a proper interface thickness adjustment is required as the lattice refinement is applied, or an increase in spurious currents, instead of a reduction, can occur. By combining the new method with an appropriate multiphase flow initialization, the overall stability for high density O(1000) and viscosity O(100) ratios is greatly improved. Although this research has been conducted with a Rothman and Keller type lattice Boltzmann model, it is believed that other types of multiphase lattice Boltzmann models could benefit from the basic ideas underlying this research. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Comparison of implicit and explicit AUSM‐family schemes for compressible multiphase flows

This paper makes the first attempt of extending implicit AUSM‐family schemes to multiphase flow simulations. Water faucet, air–water shock tube and oscillating manometer problems are used as benchmark tests with the generic four‐equation two‐fluid model. For solving the equations implicitly, Newton's method along with a sparse matrix solver (UMFPACK solver) is employed, and the numerical Jacobian matrix is calculated. Comparison between implicit and explicit AUSM‐family schemes is presented, indicating that similarly accurate results are obtained with both schemes. Furthermore, the water faucet problem is solved using both staggered and collocated grids. This investigation helps integrate high‐resolution schemes into staggered‐grid‐based computational algorithms. The influence of the interface pressure correction on the simulation results is also examined. Results show that the interfacial pressure correction introduces numerical dissipation. However, this dissipation cannot eliminate the overshoots because of the incompatibility of numerical discretization of the conservative and non‐conservative terms in the governing equations. The comparison of CPU time between implicit and explicit schemes is also studied, indicating that the implicit scheme is capable of improving the computational efficiency over its explicit counterpart. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Issue Information ‐ TOC

Numerical modeling of multiphase flow generally requires a special procedure at the solid wall in order to be consistent with Young's law for static contact angles. The standard approach in the lattice Boltzmann method, which consists of imposing fictive densities at the solid lattice sites, is shown to be deficient for this task. Indeed, fictive mass transfer along the boundary could happen and potentially spoil the numerical results. In particular, when the contact angle is less than 90 degrees, the deficiencies of the standard model are major. Various videos that demonstrate this behavior are provided (Supporting Information). A new approach is proposed and consists of directly imposing the contact angle at the boundaries in much the same way as Dirichlet boundary conditions are generally imposed. The proposed method is able to retrieve analytical solutions for static contact angles in the case of straight and curved boundaries even when variable density and viscosity ratios between the phases are considered. Although the proposed wetting boundary condition is shown to significantly improve the numerical results for one particular class of lattice Boltzmann model, it is believed that other lattice Boltzmann multiphase schemes could also benefit from the underlying ideas of the proposed method. The proposed algorithm is two‐dimensional, and the D2Q9 lattice is used. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.