One-pot synthesis of dihydropyrimidines via eco-friendly phosphorus derivatives catalysis

A straightforward, cost effective and eco-friendly protocol for the Biginelli reaction relying on the use of readily available hypophosphorous acid is presented. The methodology developed displays improvements compared to existing methods, is high-yielding, robust and was applied to a panel of dihydropyrimidines and thio-derivatives with various substituents. Related urea derivatives such as guanidines, benzimidazoles and benzothiazoles also reacted efficiently to afford more complex scaffolds. Thus, this rapid and convenient catalysis allows access to a wide diversity of structures including original biologically relevant heterocycles.     

Avoiding Pitfalls in Comparison of Activity and Selectivity of Solid Catalysts for Electrochemical HMF Oxidation

Electrocatalytic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) offers a renewable approach to produce the value-added platform chemical 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA). The key for the economic viability of this approach is to develop active and selective electrocatalysts. Nevertheless, a reliable catalyst evaluation protocol is still missing, leading to elusive conclusions on criteria for a high-performing catalyst. Herein, we demonstrate that besides the catalyst identity, secondary parameters such as materials of conductive substrates for the working electrode, concentration of the supporting electrolyte, and electrolyzer configurations have profound impact on the catalyst performance and thus need to be optimized before assessing the true activity of a catalyst. Moreover, we highlight the importance of those secondary parameters in suppressing side reactions, which has long been overlooked. The protocol is validated by evaluating the performance of free-standing Cu-foam, and CuCoO modified with NaPO₂H₂ and Ni, which were immobilized on boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes. Recommended practices and figure of merits in carefully evaluating the catalyst performance are proposed.     

一种牧场配料系统的设计与实现

提出了一种应用于移动Ad Hoc网络的分布式资源接纳控制机制,在目的节点和中间节点部署不同的资源接纳控制模块,能以接近通话或者分组传输的时间间隔适应网络的动态变化,为业务提供较好的QoS保障,并且能够支持多播及接收者异质性。仿真结果表明,添加资源接纳控制机制后,时延、抖动及丢包率分别降低了25.75%,51.76%和24.15%。     

一种组播源发现协议MSDP的实现方案

在分析MSDP协议工作机制的基础上,给出了一种协议的实现方案。该方案将协议分为peer连接模块、报文处理模块、定时器模块以及外部接口模块并加以实现,适合在核心路由器中采用来支持域间组播功能。     

数字移动通信系统中认证协议的设计与分析

该文针对数字移动通信系统的背景和需求, 基于公钥密码体制设计了一个端端密钥分发协议,基于对称密码体制设计了一个身份认证协议,并利用Spi演算对身份认证协议进行了分析,证明了其安全性。     

WDM疏导网络中一种新的多播业务路由算法

研究了波分复用(WDM)网状网中动态多播业务量疏导,提出一种新的辅助疏导模型,其可以描述当前网络资源状况和节点分光特点,并动态更新.进而提出一种有效的多播业务量疏导启发式算法(MGA),将业务的多播选路和波长分配同时完成.仿真表明,该算法在波长连续性限制、网络波长和节点收发器数目有限的情况下,具有较低网络阻塞率.     

降低IPTV频道切换时间的方式研究

从分析IPTV频道切换时间的制约因素出发,研究了IPTV的网络结构和使用协议,并提出了通过对接入网结构的改造:WDM-PON混合组网方式,IGMP协议的修改,以及相邻组播组加入/离开方式,达到对IPTV频道切换时间的改进.     

链路连通性验证在链路管理协议中的研究

首先对链路管理协议中链路连通性验证功能进行了系统地分析,详细描述了其实现过程,然后对比性地讨论了链路连通性验证在SDH/SONET和DWDM网络中的修正和扩展.     

基于精确时间协议的HL-2M装置定时同步网络研究

基于HL-2M装置对时序精度的要求,参考ITER的设计方案,设计了基于精确时间协议(PTP)的HL-2M分布式时间通讯网络,使HL-2M装置的时钟同步和事件触发的精度从微秒级提高到亚微秒级,最终优于100ns.     

MANET路由协议的最新发展

由于移动Ad hoc网络(MANET)自身的特殊性,其路由协议的设计与传统固定网络有很大不同。本文在MANET路由协议的设计原则的基础上,分析了几种典型的MANET路由协议的特点,并对MANET路由协议未来的发展方向作出了展望。