基于离散余弦变换和支持向量机的多光谱纹理图像的茶叶分类研究

提出一种利用多光谱图像纹理特征进行茶叶分类的新方法。图像由MS3100-3CCD光谱成像仪获得,光谱成像仪提供近红外(NIR)、红色(R)和绿色(G)的3个波段的图像。首先对原图像的NIR波段图像提取均方值,然后应用离散余弦变换算法,构造出8个带通和高通滤波器对NIR通道的图像进行滤波并提取均方差值,最后应用支持向量机技术,分别对原图像的NIR提取的均方差值和用8个滤波器滤过的图像提取的均方差值进行建模。茶叶样本总共为240个,训练和预测各为120个,每种训练样本和预测样本各为20个。结果表明经过8个滤波器处理图像的识别率为100%,而没有经过滤波处理的纹理图像识别率只有73.33%,说明离散余弦变换算法设计的滤波器是一种非常有效的纹理识别技术,此实验同时也为茶叶的分类提供一种快速和无损的新方法。     

基于Karhunen-Loève变换和小波谱特征矢量量化的三维谱像数据压缩

提出了基于Karhunen Lo埁ｖｅ变换的小波谱特征矢量量化三维谱像数据压缩方法耍幔颍瑁酰睿澹?Lo埁ｖｅ变换 /小波变换 /小波谱特征矢量量化方法应用了Karhunen Lo埁ｖｅ变换的消除谱相关性优良性能 ,应用二维小波变换消除空间相关性 ,在小波变换域内应用二维集分割嵌入块编码和一维谱特征矢量量化对三维谱像数据压缩 ,获得较高的压缩性能。实验结果表明 :Karhunen Lo埁ｖｅ变换 /小波变换 /小波谱特征矢量量化编码比Karhunen Lo埁ｖｅ变换 /小波变换 /改进对块零树编码和Karhunen Lo埁ｖｅ变换 /小波变换 /快速矢量量化编码方法在同样压缩比条件下 ,峰值信噪比提高 2dB和 1dB以上 ,而速度提高了 1.5和 8倍 ,整体压缩性能有较大的提高     

一种基于改进RANSAC的红外图像拼接方法

在一般的红外图像拼接过程中,采用传统随机抽样一致(RANSAC)方法,耗时往往会稍长。为了缩短图像拼接所耗费的时间,提出了基于尺度不变特征转换(SIFT)和改进RANSAC的图像拼接方法。先通过SIFT得到特征点和特征描述,然后用改进的RANSAC对不匹配的特征点进行剔除,通过得到的变换矩阵完成图像的融合。在改进RANSAC中,设置0.95和0.85两个阈值,少量迭代后,选择跳出循环、重新选择或者计算出新的迭代次数,新的迭代次数必定比传统迭代次数小,因而达到减少时间的效果。红外图像拼接后,把实验结果与采用传统RANSAC算法的结果进行多方位比较,可以发现本文方法能够达到减少时间的目的。     

多传感器故障检测与隔离的残差产生器设计方法研究

为了解决多传感器故障检测与隔离这一难题,建立了包含卡死、增益时变和偏差时变等三种典型传感器故障的数学模型.借助输出方程,将待检测的传感器故障转换到系统状态方程中进行处理.设计出既能检测出故障,又能将各个故障进行有效隔离的残差产生器,同时还要给出设计残差产生器过程中未知参数的求解方法.用算例对上述设计结果的有效性进行计算...     

纹理分析在生物组织光学相干层析图像信息提取和特征识别中的应用

随着光学相干层析(OCT)技术在生物医学成像领域日趋广泛的应用,分析和提取OCT图像中所包含的生物组织信息、对相关特征加以识别,并最终应用于疾病的辅助诊断和诊疗效果的追踪,已经成为一个重要的研究方向.国内外研究者就此提出了多种不同的方法,其中纹理分析方法得到了最为充分的研究,显示出良好的实用性.对纹理分析在生物组织光学...     

A Bootstrap Framework for Aggregating within and between Feature Selection Methods

In the past decade, big data has become increasingly prevalent in a large number of applications. As a result, datasets suffering from noise and redundancy issues have necessitated the use of feature selection across multiple domains. However, a common concern in feature selection is that different approaches can give very different results when applied to similar datasets. Aggregating the results of different selection methods helps to resolve this concern and control the diversity of selected feature subsets. In this work, we implemented a general framework for the ensemble of multiple feature selection methods. Based on diversified datasets generated from the original set of observations, we aggregated the importance scores generated by multiple feature selection techniques using two methods: the Within Aggregation Method (WAM), which refers to aggregating importance scores within a single feature selection; and the Between Aggregation Method (BAM), which refers to aggregating importance scores between multiple feature selection methods. We applied the proposed framework on 13 real datasets with diverse performances and characteristics. The experimental evaluation showed that WAM provides an effective tool for determining the best feature selection method for a given dataset. WAM has also shown greater stability than BAM in terms of identifying important features. The computational demands of the two methods appeared to be comparable. The results of this work suggest that by applying both WAM and BAM, practitioners can gain a deeper understanding of the feature selection process.     

Refined Composite Multi-Scale Reverse Weighted Permutation Entropy and Its Applications in Ship-Radiated Noise

Ship-radiated noise is one of the important signal types under the complex ocean background, which can well reflect physical properties of ships. As one of the valid measures to characterize the complexity of ship-radiated noise, permutation entropy (PE) has the advantages of high efficiency and simple calculation. However, PE has the problems of missing amplitude information and single scale. To address the two drawbacks, refined composite multi-scale reverse weighted PE (RCMRWPE), as a novel measurement technology of describing the signal complexity, is put forward based on refined composite multi-scale processing (RCMP) and reverse weighted PE (RWPE). RCMP is an improved method of coarse-graining, which not only solves the problem of single scale, but also improves the stability of traditional coarse-graining; RWPE has been proposed more recently, and has better inter-class separability and robustness performance to noise than PE, weighted PE (WPE), and reverse PE (RPE). Additionally, a feature extraction scheme of ship-radiated noise is proposed based on RCMRWPE, furthermore, RCMRWPE is combined with discriminant analysis classifier (DAC) to form a new classification method. After that, a large number of comparative experiments of feature extraction schemes and classification methods with two artificial random signals and six ship-radiated noise are carried out, which show that the proposed feature extraction scheme has better performance in distinguishing ability and stability than the other three similar feature extraction schemes based on multi-scale PE (MPE), multi-scale WPE (MWPE), and multi-scale RPE (MRPE), and the proposed classification method also has the highest recognition rate.     

基于工业CT图像重构的网格模型的保特征简化方法

对基于工业CT图像重构的网格模型进行网格简化时,大多数现有网格模型简化算法会丢失特征,出现网格质量不好的问题。因此提出一种网格模型保特征简化方法,该方法用三角形折叠法对原始模型进行简化,当简化后模型的平均二面角角度误差达到允许误差后,再使用边折叠法对模型进行简化。在三角形折叠法中提出了利用被折叠三角形的法向量、各个顶点的高斯曲率及其在周边三角形上的投影确定该三角形的折叠点,利用局部体积误差与二面角角度误差的无因次化和确定折叠代价的方法;在边折叠法中提出了将二面角角度误差引入到二次误差测度（QEM）法的折叠代价中的改进QEM法。实验结果表明：与其他算法相比,该方法能够生成保特征、高质量、低几何误差的网格模型。     

基于I-BGLAM纹理和光谱融合的高光谱显微成像木材树种分类

为了提高木材树种分类的正确率,提出了一种基于I-BGLAM纹理特征和光谱特征融合的高光谱图像的木材树种分类方法。实验数据是利用SOC710VP高光谱成像仪获取的可见光/近红外（372.53~1 038.57 nm）范围内的高光谱图像。首先,利用基于OIF的特征波段选择方法降低高光谱图像的维数,选择出含有信息量大的波段。其次,对选择出的波段图像使用NSCT及NSCT逆变换得到融合图像,对得到的融合图像使用I-BGLAM提取其纹理特征。与此同时,对高光谱图像的全波段求取平均光谱并进行S-G（Savitzky-Golay）平滑得到光谱特征。最后,将得到的纹理特征和光谱特征融合后送进极限学习机（ELM）中进行分类。此外,还和基于灰度共生矩阵（GLCM）的木材识别的传统方法以及近几年木材树种识别领域内被提出的主流方法进行了比较。该研究主要创新点有两个：一是将强纹理提取器I-BGLAM用于高光谱图像中提取其纹理特征;二是提出一种新的特征融合的模型用于高光谱图像的分类。针对8个树种的实验结果表明,单独使用I-BGLAM提取的纹理特征来进行分类的正确率最高可到达88.54%,而使用GLCM提取纹理特征的传统方法正确率最高只有76.04%,该结果可以得出本文使用I-BGLAM在纹理特征提取方面要优于GLCM,这为后面建立的融合模型打下很好的基础,单独使用平均光谱特征来分类的正确率最高可以达到92.71%,使用所提出的特征融合方法所得到的分类正确率最高可达到100%,这说明使用所提出的融合模型来分类要比以前单独使用某一种特征的分类模型要好。此外,使用所提出的方法得到的分类正确率要高于本领域内其他两种主流的识别方法。因此,所提出的基于I-BGLAM纹理特征和光谱特征融合的方法能够提高木材树种分类的正确率,该方法在木材树种分类方面有着一定的利用价值。