Exploring the effects of optically generated dipoles on organic photodetector infrared detection

Sensing from the ultraviolet–visible to the infrared is bringing more attentions recently. Here, we report the effects of optically generated dipoles within PTB7 layer on photocurrent and photoresponse in single wall carbon nanotube-based photodetectors. The observations in this work provide the direct evidence that optically generated dipoles within the PTB7 layer can be aligned by a built-in field, and then consequently affect dissociation of photo-excited electron-hole pairs in single wall carbon nanotubes. Additionally, PL (photoluminescence) of single wall carbon nanotubes can be appreciably quenched by optically generated dipoles in PTB7 layer. This quenched PL provides further information to back up photodetectivity increasing through dipoles alignment in PTB7 layer.     

Enhanced collective detection for GNSS weak signals acquisition in Rayleigh channel

Global navigation satellite system applications based on high sensitivity and weak‐signal acquisition is a difficult task and has become an important research area. Algorithms and techniques are proposed, principally those associated to cases of limited global navigation satellite system signal availability. Collective detection is a new technique that seems to offer better solutions in a such situation. This paper presents a performance analysis of GPS L₁ noncoherent acquisition via collective detection based on the systematic and efficient collective acquisition algorithm in the Rayleigh fading channel, firstly in the case of a fixed threshold detection and secondly in the case of adaptive threshold detection based on a constant false alarm rate. To compare these methods with traditional acquisition schemes, we develop detection and false alarm probability analytic expressions.     

车道线实时检测与偏离预警系统设计与研究

为保证交通安全,设计了一种基于单目视觉的车道偏离检测系统,利用 车载前视摄像 头获取图像,实时对动态图像进行处理,在驾驶员非主观偏离车道时进行报警。首先研 究了图像预处 理技术,包括灰度化、截取有效区域、滤波去噪、图像灰度增强、边缘检测和边缘修复功能 。其次对预处 理后的图像进行车道线检测,为有效识别具有车道线特征的图像,提出了一种改进的Hough 变换算法;对 没有车道线特征或车道线特征不明显的图像,采用了动态检测方法。在此基础上,提出 了一种车道线 纠正算法,即四点标定逆透视变换,将车道图像转化为俯视图,建立图像坐标系与实际俯视 坐标系之间的 关系,得到实际车辆的位置和偏移角度,判断该车辆的情况并作出指示。最后,在实际道路 中对设计中关 键技术以及整个系统进行了实验,大量实验结果表明,本文系统能在多种环境的道路中实现 车道线的准确识别和偏移判断,具有良好的实时性和鲁棒性。     

HTTP malicious traffic detection method based on hybrid structure deep neural network

In response to the HTTP malicious traffic detection problem,a preprocessing method based on cutting mechanism and statistical association was proposed to perform statistical information correlation as well as normalization processing of traffic.Then,a hybrid neural network was proposed based on the combination of raw data and empirical feature engineering.It combined convolutional neural network (CNN) and multilayer perceptron (MLP) to process text and statistical information.The effect of the model was significantly improved compared with traditional machine learning algorithms (e.g.,SVM).The F₁value reached 99.38% and had a lower time complexity.At the same time,a data set consisting of more than 450 000 malicious traffic and more than 20 million non-malicious traffic was created.In addition,prototype system based on model was designed with detection precision of 98.1%~99.99% and recall rate of 97.2%~99.5%.The application is excellent in real network environment.     

Engineering Sensor Arrays Using Aggregation‐Induced Emission Luminogens for Pathogen Identification

Lacking rapid and reliable pathogen diagnostic platforms, inadequate or delayed antimicrobial therapy could be made, which greatly threatens human life and accelerates the emergence of antibiotic‐resistant pathogens. In this contribution, a series of simple and reliable sensor arrays based on tetraphenylethylene (TPE) derivatives are successfully developed for detection and discrimination of pathogens. Each sensor array consists of three TPE‐based aggregation‐induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) that bear cationic ammonium group and different hydrophobic substitutions, providing tunable logP (n‐octanol/water partition coefficient) values to enable the different multivalent interactions with pathogens. On the basis of the distinctive fluorescence response produced by the diverse interaction of AIEgens with pathogens, these sensor arrays can identify different kinds of pathogens, even normal and drug‐resistant bacteria, with nearly 100% accuracy. Furthermore, blends of pathogens can also be identified accurately. The sensor arrays exhibit rapid response (about 0.5 h), high‐throughput, and easy‐to‐operate without washing steps.     

Recent Progress in Solar‐Blind Deep‐Ultraviolet Photodetectors Based on Inorganic Ultrawide Bandgap Semiconductors

Due to its significant applications in many relevant fields, light detection in the solar‐blind deep‐ultraviolet (DUV) wavelength region is a subject of great interest for both scientific and industrial communities. The rapid advances in preparing high‐quality ultrawide‐bandgap (UWBG) semiconductors have enabled the realization of various high‐performance DUV photodetectors (DUVPDs) with different geometries, which provide an avenue for circumventing numerous disadvantages in traditional DUV detectors. This article presents a comprehensive review of the applications of inorganic UWBG semiconductors for solar‐blind DUV light detection in the past several decades. Different kinds of DUVPDs, which are based on varied UWBG semiconductors including Ga₂O₃, Mg_xZn_1?xO, III‐nitride compounds (Al_xGa_1?xN/AlN and BN), diamond, etc., and operate on different working principles, are introduced and discussed systematically. Some emerging techniques to optimize device performance are addressed as well. Finally, the existing techniques are summarized and future challenges are proposed in order to shed light on development in this critical research field.     

Distinctive Performance of Terahertz Photodetection Driven by Charge‐Density‐Wave Order in CVD‐Grown Tantalum Diselenide

The quantum behavior of carriers in solid is the foundation of modern electronic and optoelectronic technology, but it is still facing huge challenges within inherited single‐particle quantum processes working at the millimeter wave/terahertz (THz) band. Here, a straightforward strategy for the direct detection of millimeter wave/THz photons in a sub‐wavelength metal‐TaSe₂‐metal structure under strong interaction with a localized field of surface plasmon is proposed. By breaking the inversion symmetry under the perturbations of electric field and atomic reconstruction from van der Waals integration, the nonequilibrium electronic states under a radiant field can be manipulated in a collective fashion, leading to a large photocurrent responsivity over 40 A W^?1 and noise equivalent power less than 1 pW Hz^?1/2 even at room temperature. A more than 40‐fold enhancement in responsivity is achieved when transitioning from the normal phase to the CDW phase. The findings shed fresh light on the understanding of the delicate balance in the charge‐ordered phase, and facilitate the exploitation of a correlated electron system for optoelectronic applications in fields of security, remote sensing, and imaging.     

无人机在抢险救灾中的优化应用

针对在抢险救灾中的多无人机路径规划问题,文中采用遗传算法通过对无人机群的巡航矩阵进行编码组成染色体,设置不同个体数目和最大遗传代数优化巡航轨迹,同时采用0-1规划和非线性规划建立无人机终端流量传输矩阵,为每一个用户分配恰当的功率,使得无人机完成所有任务的时间总和最短。遗传算法分析结果:当从H 和J两处各派出3架无人机时至少需要11.37 h才能完成对7个重点区域的生命迹象搜索,此时巡航总距离为3 808 km,从H处派出3架无人机携带通信装备,并向灾区内的72个地面终端发送不同内容,至少需要25.81 h才能完成所有任务,此时巡航总距离为1 547 km。     

基于CFAR的SAR目标检测

CFAR检测是由事先定好恒定虚警概率进行目标检测的一种算法,其前提是目标相对于背景具有较强的对比度。CFAR算法通过单个像素灰度和某一门限的比较达到检测目标像素的目的。文中研究了恒虚警概率检测算法,推导了不同拟合分布的具体形式,给出了几种代表性检测器,如CA-CFAR检测器,通过仿真结果证明,在均匀杂波区域中,3种检测器的结果相当,都能检测出目标。但从整体看,CA-CFAR的检测性能更好。     

基于预测和动态阈值的流量异常检测机制研究

针对流量异常检测中的基线和阈值难以精确刻画的问题,提出了一种基于预测和动态阈值的异常检测机制.通过构造混沌支持向量机预测模型对流量基线值进行确定;采用假设检验的异常检验方法,利用一天中各时段对应训练集拟合残差符合正态分布的特点构造符合t分布的随机变量,进而计算各时段预测残差的置信区间来动态地确定网络流量的阈值.实验结果表明,预测模型具有很高的预测精度,该异常检测机制具有一定的可行性.