基于改进野草算法的推荐对象建模技术研究

为了提高个性化推荐系统中模型描述的准确性，提出了一种改进的入侵野草优化算法。该算法将野草算法和混合遗传算法有机地结合，旨在克服传统野草算法过旱收敛、易于陷入局部优化的不足。最后，计算机仿真结果表明了所提出的算法明显优于其他常见的建模算法。     

基于光信息处理技术的无创血糖测量方法

血糖无创检测技术是在不损伤皮肤的条件下测量出人体血液中血糖浓度的新方法。它能解除糖尿病患者经常化验所需要的针刺取血的痛苦，避免病毒通过血液传染的危险。同时它能有效地提高对血糖监测的水平，降低患者的危险。本文对国际上无创血糖测量技术的研究现状进行了综述和分析，介绍了几种具有代表性的无创检测仪器的原理，分析了各种测量方法的优缺点，指出了未来血糖无创检测技术研究的发展方向。     

侵蚀性葡萄胎的MRI影像学表现及其诊断效果

为探讨侵蚀性葡萄胎(IHM)的磁共振成像(MRI)影像学表现及其诊断效果,本研究对36例疑似IHM患者均行MRI平扫和动态增强扫描(DCE)检查,观察了IHM的MRI影像学表现,分析了MRI诊断IHM的灵敏度、特异度和准确度。结果显示,IHM的MRI影像学表现具有特征性;MRI诊断IHM的灵敏度为75.00%、特异度为83.33%、准确度为77.78%;IHM组的时间-信号强度曲线(TIC)以Ⅰ型为主,良性病变组的TIC以Ⅲ型和Ⅳ型为主,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。本文证实MRI检查可清晰显示宫腔内情况及子宫肌层受侵程度,MRI平扫结合DCE可提高诊断IHM的准确性。     

Injectable Self-Healing Natural Biopolymer-Based Hydrogel Adhesive with Thermoresponsive Reversible Adhesion for Minimally Invasive Surgery

Biocompatible hydrogel adhesives with multifunctional properties, including injectability, fast self-healing, and suitable on-demand detachment, are highly desired for minimally invasive procedures, but such materials are still lacking. Herein, an injectable self-healing biocompatible hydrogel adhesive with thermoresponsive reversible adhesion based on two extracellular matrix-derived biopolymers, gelatin and chondroitin sulfate, is developed to be used as a surgical adhesive for sealing or reconnecting ruptured tissues. The resulting hydrogels present good self-healing and can be conveniently injected through needles. The strong tissue adhesion at physiological temperatures originates from the Schiff base and hydrogen bonding interactions between the hydrogel and tissue that can be weakened at low temperatures, thereby easily detaching the hydrogel from the tissue in the gelation state. In vivo and ex vivo rat model show that the adhesives can effectively seal bleeding wounds and fluid leakages in the absence of sutures or staples. Specifically, a proof of concept experiment in a damaged rat liver model demonstrates the ability of the adhesives to act as a suitable laparoscopic sealant for laparoscopic surgery. Overall, the adhesive has several advantages, including low cost and ease of production and application that make it an exceptional multifunctional tissue adhesive/sealant, effective in minimally invasive surgical applications.     

连续血液净化系统中血压实时监测模块的研究

连续血液净化系统中血压值是确定患者病情的重要参数,因此设计了一种非侵入式的血压实时监测模块。该监测模块采用气压传感器作为检测血压的测量元件,低功耗的单片机MSP430F449作为处理核心,高精度的AD7714作为模数转换模块,实现了对循环管路中血压的非侵入式实时测量。实验结果表明,该血压实时监测模块能实现0.12%精度,输入、输出具有较好的线性关系,能准确反映血压的实时变化。     

Characterisation of the different hands in the composition of a 14th century breviary by means of portable XRF analysis and complementary techniques

A 14th‐century breviary known as Breviario di San Michele della Chiusa, produced at the disposal of the monks of Sacra di San Michele abbey (near Turin, Italy) has been analysed in order to identify the different authors who contributed in its making. The study aimed at revealing how many scribes composed the text and the musical notations and how many artists worked for miniatures and for the decorations of initials. All inks and decorative features have been analysed by means of portable X‐ray fluorescence spectrometry for determining elemental distribution and by means of ultraviolet–Visible diffuse reflectance spectrophotometry with optic fibres and spectrofluorimetry for identifying colourants. The results on non‐invasive measurements highlighted that at least 11 persons (six scribes for the text, two scribes for the musical notations, two artists for initials and filigrees and one artist for the full‐page miniature at f. 208v) were at work at the Breviario. Moreover, the black inks used for text and notes have an anomalous composition, being iron gall inks with a larger than usual amount of zinc, possibly as a consequence of the use of vitriols made from goslarite; this suggests that the scribes could come from Northern Europe. The presence of traces of bismuth in blue paints also suggested the provenance of azurite from Central or Northern Europe. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

一种生物组织阻抗的侵入式测量与计算方法

从射频神经疼痛治疗仪的实际需要出发，根据生物组织的等效电路模型，提出一种有别于传统生物组织非侵入式阻抗的测量与计算方法。详细论述了测量电路的工作原理、剖析了测量方法。并根据测量数据，给出生物组织阻抗的计算方法。     

Dry deposition of pollutant and marker particles onto live mouse airway surfaces enhances monitoring of individual particle mucociliary transit behaviour

Particles suspended in the air are inhaled during normal respiration and unless cleared by airway defences, such as the mucociliary transit (MCT) system, they can remain and affect lung and airway health. Synchrotron phase‐contrast X‐ray imaging (PCXI) methods have been developed to non‐invasively monitor the behaviour of individual particles in live mouse airways and in previous studies the MCT behaviour of particles and fibres in the airways of live mice after deposition in a saline carrier fluid have been examined. In this study a range of common respirable pollutant particles (lead dust, quarry dust and fibreglass fibres) as well as marker particles (hollow glass micro‐spheres) were delivered into the trachea of live mice using a dry powder insufflator to more accurately mimic normal environmental particulate exposure and deposition via inhalation. The behaviour of the particles once delivered onto the airway surface was tracked over a five minute period via PCXI. All particles were visible after deposition. Fibreglass fibres remained stationary throughout while all other particle types transited the tracheal surface throughout the imaging period. In all cases the majority of the particle deposition and any airway surface activity was located close to the dorsal tracheal wall. Both the individual and bulk motions of the glass bead marker particles were visible and their behaviour enabled otherwise hidden MCT patterns to be revealed. This study verified the value of PCXI for examining the post‐deposition particulate MCT behaviour in the mouse trachea and highlighted that MCT is not a uniform process as suggested by radiolabel studies. It also directly revealed the advantages of dry particle delivery for establishing adequate particulate presence for visualizing MCT behaviour. The MCT behaviour and rate seen after dry particle delivery was different from that in previous carrier‐fluid studies. It is proposed that dry particle delivery is essential for producing environmentally realistic particle deposition and studying how living airway surfaces handle different types of inhaled particles by MCT processes.     

On a certain class of nonideal clutters

In this paper we define the class of near-ideal clutters following a similar concept due to Shepherd [Near perfect matrices, Math. Programming 64 (1994) 295-323] for near-perfect graphs. We prove that near-ideal clutters give a polyhedral characterization for minimally nonideal clutters as near-perfect graphs did for minimally imperfect graphs. We characterize near-ideal blockers of graphs as blockers of near-bipartite graphs. We find necessary conditions for a clutter to be near-ideal and sufficient conditions for the clutters satisfying that every minimal vertex cover is minimum.