蛋白质-多糖复合体系在活性物质传递中的应用

蛋白质-多糖复合体系作为生物活性物质传递系统的壁材,有着人工合成聚合物或无机物等其他材料不可比拟的多重优势。本文就蛋白质和多糖之间的连接方式及蛋白质-多糖复合体系形成传递系统的多种形式进行了综述,以及对此领域的发展趋势进行了展望。结合蛋白质和多糖的结构特点,二者之间的链接方式分为非共价结合的物理共聚,和共价结合的美拉德偶联、化学交联、酶催化交联等方式,文中分别对各种连接方式的原理和机理,以及其影响因素做了深入阐述。以蛋白质-多糖复合体系为壁材对活性物质的传递形式大体上分成乳化系统、胶束、纳米凝胶、分子复合物以及壳核结构等系统。不同的活性物质的特征和传递需求,可针对性地选择合适结构的蛋白质和多糖种类以及二者的连接方式和传递系统的形式。并且,随着研究的逐步发展和推进,此领域的发展趋势朝着智能化和靶向性的方向进行。目前活性物质的蛋白质-多糖复合体系的传递系统,还依然面临着系统设计、评价和应用等多方面的挑战,这就要求我们在更全面更深入了解认识其对活性物质影响和功效的基础上,安全合理地设计和深入细致地评价活性成分的传递系统。     

Pure tetrahedral quadruple systems with index two

An oriented tetrahedron defined on four vertices is a set of four cyclic triples with the property that any ordered pair of vertices is contained in exactly one of the cyclic triples. A tetrahedral quadruple system of order $n$ with index $\lambda$, denoted by ${\text{TQS}}_{\lambda }\left(n\right)$, is a pair $\left(X,\mathrm{?}\right)$, where $X$ is an $n$‐set and $\mathrm{?}$ is a set of oriented tetrahedra (blocks) such that every cyclic triple on $X$ is contained in exactly $\lambda$ members of $\mathrm{?}$. A ${\text{TQS}}_{\lambda }\left(n\right)$ is pure if there do not exist two blocks with the same vertex set. When $\lambda =1$, the spectrum of a pure TQS $\left(n\right)$ has been completely determined by Ji. In this paper, we show that there exists a pure ${\text{TQS}}_2\left(n\right)$ if and only if $n\equiv 1,2\left(\mathrm{mod}3\right)$ and $n\ge 7$. A corollary is that a simple ${\text{QS}}_4\left(n\right)$ also exists if and only if $n\equiv 1,2\left(\mathrm{mod}3\right)$ and $n\ge 7$.     

基于学生群体心理测试系统的设计

心理测试的根本目的是为了让人们在测试过程中，产生某些特定行为，即个体对测试题目的反应，并根据这些行为反应来推论其相应的心理特性。在一定程度上帮助我们了解人类的心理活动，并从中得到帮助。因此，本文对基于学生群体心理测试系统的设计进行深入研究。     

Positive ground state solutions for Schrödinger–Poisson system with critical nonlocal term in ℝ3

This paper is dedicated to studying the following Schrödinger–Poisson system $$\left\{\begin{array}{ll}-\mathrm{\Delta }u+V(x)u-K(x)\varphi |u{|}^{3}u=a(x)f(u),& x\in {ℝ}^3,\\ -\mathrm{\Delta }\varphi =K(x)|u{|}^5,& x\in {ℝ}^3.\end{array}\right.$$ Under some different assumptions on functions V(x), K(x), a(x) and f(u), by using the variational approach, we establish the existence of positive ground state solutions.     

Autonomous system for data collection: Location and mapping issues in post-disaster environment

Disaster relief requires many resources. Depending on the circumstances of each event, it is important to rapidly choose the suitable means to respond to the emergency intervention. A brief review of the conditions and means demonstrated the usefulness of an autonomous stand-alone machine for these missions. If many techniques and technologies exist, their relevant combination to achieve such a system presents several challenges. This communication tries to outline the possible achievement of an autonomous vehicle under these particular circumstances. This paper focuses on the specific working conditions and welcomes future contributions from robotics and artificial intelligence.In the necessarily limited scope of this article, the authors focus on a particularly critical aspect: location. Indeed, this machine is intended to evolve in heterogeneous and dangerous environment and without any outside contacts that could last up to several days. This blackout, due to the propagation difficulties of electromagnetic waves in the ground, induces an independence of the localisation process and makes the use of any radio navigation support system (GNSS), most of the time, impossible. The knowledge of the position of the system, both for navigation of the autonomous system (Rover) and location of targets (victims buried under debris) must be able to be estimated without contributions from external systems. Inertial classical techniques, odometer, etc., have to be adapted to these conditions during a long period without external support. These techniques also have to take into account that energy optimisation requests the use of low-power processors. Consequently, only poor computing capacity is available on-board.The article starts with a presentation of the context of a post-disaster situation as well as the main missions of Search and Rescue (SaR). It is followed by the analysis of autonomous navigation located in a post-earthquake situation. We will then discuss means to determine the attitude of the autonomous system and its position. The interest of hybridisation with external systems – whenever possible –, will be evaluated with a view to correcting deviations suffered by the system during its mission. Finally, prospects and future work are presented.     

腔光子-自旋波量子耦合系统中各向异性奇异点的实验研究

通过耦合三维微波腔中光子和腔内钇铁石榴石单晶小球中的自旋波量子形成腔-自旋波量子的耦合系统,并通过精确调节系统参数在该实验系统中观测到各向异性奇异点.奇异点对应于非厄米系统中一种特殊状态,在奇异点处,耦合系统的本征值和本征矢均简并,并且往往伴随着非平庸的物理性质.以往大量研究主要集中在各向同性奇异点的范畴,它的特征是在系统参数空间中沿着不同参数坐标趋近该奇异点时具有相同的函数关系.在这篇文章中,主要介绍实验上在腔光子-自旋波量子耦合系统中通过调节系统的耦合强度和腔的耗散衰减系数两条趋近奇异点的路径而实现了各向异性奇异点,具体分别对应于在趋近奇异点时,本征值的虚部的变化与耦合强度和腔的衰减系数的变化会有线性和平方根不同的行为.各向异性奇异点的实现有助于基于腔光子-自旋波量子耦合系统的量子信息处理和精密探测器件的进一步研究.     

The antidepressant effect of 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol 2-naphthoate through monoaminergic,GABAergic system and BDNF signaling pathway

Abstract

Gastrodigenin, also known as 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol (HBA), is one of the main components of Gastrodia elata, which is a perfect lead compound of natural products. In order to get new active compounds, we modified the structure of HBA through esterification with carboxylic acid, and got a series of derivatives in which 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol 2-naphthoate (NHBA) showed stronger antidepressant activity than HBA. In this paper, we firstly evaluated the antidepressant activity of NHBA by tail suspension test (TST) and forced swimming test (FST). Then, we carried out the biochemical assay and western blot to determine its mechanism. The results displayed that NHBA could increase the content of serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, γ-aminobutyric acid, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) in mice brain. It suggested that NHBA exhibited an antidepressant-like effect through monoaminergic system, GABAergic system and BDNF/TrkB signaling pathways.