A Universal In Situ Cross-Linking Strategy Enables Orthogonal Processing of Full-Color Organic Microlaser Arrays

Large-scale red, green, and blue (RGB) microlaser arrays capable of exhibiting full-color laser emissions are urgently desired for high-performance flat-panel laser displays. With excellent solution processability and optoelectronic properties, organic materials are promising candidates for full-color microlasers; however, the heterogeneous integration of full-color microlasers remains a challenge due to their poor solution stability to withstand multistage solution processing. Here, a robust in situ cross-linking strategy is proposed to enable orthogonal processing of organic microlasers to heterogeneously integrate large-scale full-color organic microlaser arrays. The organic microlasers with controlled physical dimensions and spatial locations are fabricated with an electron beam (e-beam) induced in situ polymerization reaction. Profiting from enhanced orthogonality of microlasers, large-scale pixelated RGB microlaser arrays are monolithically integrated through successive e-beam patterning processes. Laser emissions in the RGB microlaser pixels cover a color gamut 41% larger than the standard RGB space, with which flexible full-color organic laser display patterns with a resolution of 254 dpi on a centimeter scale is obtained. The scalable heterogeneous integration platform reported in this work will pave a new avenue for the efficient construction of large-scale high-performance organic integrated optoelectronic devices.     

A General Synthetic Strategy toward Highly Doped Pyridinic Nitrogen-Rich Carbons

Doping carbon materials with p-block elements such as nitrogen is an effective approach to tune electronic properties of the framework and can endow the host's new characters. To date, highly doped carbons with tunable nitrogen speciation are still less explored due to the grand challenge in fabrication; for example, the typical synthesis based on the pyrolysis of nitrogen-containing precursors shows a trade-off between the total nitrogen content and the carbonization temperature, limiting the value to ≈12 wt% at 1073 K. Herein, intensifying ring opening of cross-linked polymers through controlled pre-oxidation followed by conventional pyrolysis is demonstrated as an elegant method to circumvent this challenge. In addition to fine tunability at different nitrogen speciation, this strategy can increase the nitrogen content by two- to threefold (maximum ≈22 wt%) and shows general viability in six different N-bearing (co)polymers. The highly doped pyridinic nitrogen-rich carbons show i) a remarkable capacity of 879 mAh g⁻¹ at 0.1 A g⁻¹ and excellent cycling performance in lithium ion batteries, and ii) significantly boosted catalytic performance in the selective oxidation of diverse substrates. Therefore, this facile synthetic strategy and the tunability at nitrogen functionalities will greatly broaden the applications of this new class of functional materials.     

High-Performance All-Polymer Solar Cells with a Pseudo-Bilayer Configuration Enabled by a Stepwise Optimization Strategy

In this work, an efficiency of 15.17% in the PBDB-T/PYT all-PSCs fabricated by a layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition technique is achieved by synergistically controlling additive dosages, which is not only higher than that (14.06%) of the corresponding bulk heterojunction (BHJ) device, but also the top efficient for all-PSCs. Through the studies of physical dynamics and morphological characteristics, it is found that the LbL film can effectively improve optical and electronic properties, ensure exciton separation, charge generation and extraction, reduce trap-assisted recombination, and facilitate hole transfer in LbL blends, thus achieving higher performance compared to its BHJ counterpart. Notably, the synergistic regulation of additive dosages in donor and acceptor solutions is also confirmed in the other three photovoltaic systems. Of particular note is that over 15% device performance is also achieved in the PBDB-T/PYT LbL all-PSCs fabricated via a blade-coating technique, further demonstrating the great significance of this synergistic additive-doping strategy for the printing fabrication of organic photovoltaics.     

The Total Synthesis of Diquinane-Containing Natural Products

Diquinane or bicyclo[3.3.0]octane is a conspicuous structural unit existing in the carbo-frameworks of a wide range of natural products such as alkaloids and terpenoids. These diquinane-containing molecules not merely exhibit intriguing architectures, but also showcase a broad spectrum of significant bioactivities, which draw widespread attention from the global synthetic community. During the past decade, with an aim to accomplish the total syntheses of such specified cornucopias of natural products, a variety of elegant strategies for construction of the diquinane ring system have been disclosed. In this Minireview, the achievements on this subject in the timeline from 2010 to June 2020 are demonstrated and it is discussed how the diquinane unit is strategically forged in the context of the specific target structure. In addition, impacts of the selected works to the field of natural product total synthesis is highlighted and the particular outlook of diquinane-containing natural product synthesis is provided.     

初探创新动漫产业人才的培养模式

现阶段,我国动漫产业已经发展到一定的阶段,它属于一种常见的艺术形式,并且还在一定程度上传承和发展了我国的传统文化形式,这种创作模式颠覆了我们对动漫领域的认知.本文针对目前我国动漫产业人才培养模式的现状以及存在的问题,提出几点有效的措施和建议,从而实现我国动漫产业又好又快发展.     

Optimal proportional reinsurance and investment with minimum probability of ruin

The paper concerns a problem of optimal reinsurance and investment in order to minimizing the probability of ruin. In the whole paper, the cedent’s surplus is allowed to invest in a risk-free asset and a risky asset and the company’s risk is reduced through proportional reinsurance, while in addition the claim process is assumed to follow a Brownian motion with drift. By solving the corresponding Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equations, the optimal reinsurance-investment strategy is derived. The presented results generalize those by Taksar [1].     

Control Strategy of True Time Delay Lines

This article presents the control of adjustable true time delays applied to an optical beamforming system. First is introduced the response of ring resonators of two and four ports and the cascade and lattice structures. The coupling factor and the phase modulation are employed as the control parameters for the adjustable group delay. The strategy of control is proposed and applied to a cascade of five ring resonators for producing wideband true time delays in the picosecond–nanosecond range with 2-GHz bandwidth and extremely low ripple. Ripples lower than 0.1% were obtained for the adjusted group delays. The proposed strategy can be simply extended if more resonators are added to increase the bandwidth of the system.     

5G无线网络CU/DU部署策略探讨

5G网络将满足三大类业务：eMBB、uRLLC、mMTC，不同业务对时延、可靠性、移动速度要求不相同。为了适应这些需求，3GPP标准化组织将BBU重构成CU和DU两个功能实体，在实际部署时的形态可以映射到不同物理设备上，也可以映射到同一物理实体。具体采用哪种方式要结合业务需求，应用场景，及网络要求综合分析，根据不同情况采用合适的部署策略。     

A forwarding strategy of counteracting redundancy data in named data networking

In named data networking, a router forwards Interests to all available contents including copies under the original design of forwarding strategy. All of these redundant copies of requested contents are returned to the user, which leads to unnecessary waste of network resources. In this paper, we propose a new forwarding strategy named counteracting redundant data (CRD) to reduce the transmission of redundant Data. The CRD strategy introduces a new packet called Data Acknowledgement (DACK) to stop forwarding redundant data. When a router receives a DACK, it will delete the matched Pending Interest Table (PIT) entry with the same name prefix and same incoming interface as the DACK. Thus, subsequent Data will be discarded when the corresponding PIT entry in the router no longer exists. According to the transmission model with tree structure, forwarding number that indicates the number of DACK being forwarded is a very important factor affecting the transmission overhead of CRD strategy. In our simulation, the results show the CRD strategy can improve transmission efficiency, reduce transmission overhead while ensuring a certain reliability, and also decrease the storage of content store at the same time. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

长江上游集装箱码头泊位——锚地系统配置策略

针对内河集装箱运输增长与内河航道制约所导致的集装箱运输系统运作效率与航运安全问题,讨论长江上游集装箱码头泊位-锚地系统最优配置策略.通过构建码头泊位-锚地系统的船舶候泊排队服务模型,推导出队长水平状态的稳态概率分布,计算出平均等待队长,并建立泊位-锚地系统配置模型,采用数值算例考察相应的最优配置策略和锚泊溢出概率.