VOx薄膜的制备、电阻-温度特性及结构研究

VO2是一种热致相变材料.发生相变时,VO2的电阻、红外光透过率、反射率都会发生显著变化.采用直流反应磁控溅射法,通过改变氧氩比(O2:Ar)、工作气压、衬底温度等制备工艺参数,研究了工艺参数对VOx薄膜的结构、电阻-温度性能的影响.结果表明,当氧氩比为1.0:15、工作气压为2.0Pa时,制备的薄膜中VO2的含量较多;衬底温度为250℃时,制备的VOx薄膜的电阻一温度突变性能最佳.     

Noether-Mei Symmetry of Mechanical System in Phase Space

In this paper, a new kind of symmetry and its conserved quantities of a mechanical system in phase space are studied. The definition of this new symmetry, i.e., a Noether-Mei symmetry, is presented, and the criterion of this symmetry is also given. The Noether conserved quantity and the Mei conserved quantity deduced from the Noether-Mei symmetry of the system are obtained. Finally, two examples are given to illustrate the application of the results.     

LBO晶体超光滑表面抛光机理

胶体SiO2抛光LBO晶体获得无损伤的超光滑表面,结合前人对抛光机理的认识,探讨了超光滑表面抛光的材料去除机理,分析了化学机械抛光中的原子级材料去除机理.在此基础上,对胶体SiO2抛光LBO晶体表面材料去除机理和超光滑表面的形成进行了详细的描述,研究抛光液的pH值与材料去除率和表面粗糙度的关系.LBO晶体超光滑表面抛光的材料去除机理是抛光液与晶体表面的活泼原子层发生化学反应形成过渡的软质层,软质层在磨料和抛光盘的作用下很容易被无损伤的去除.酸性条件下,随抛光液pH值的减小抛光材料的去除率增大;抛光液pH值为4时,获得最好的表面粗糙度.     

Preparation of Silica Aerogel/Resin Composites and Their Application in Dental Restorative Materials

As the most advanced aerogel material, silica aerogel has had transformative industrial impacts. However, the use of silica aerogel is currently limited to the field of thermal insulation materials, so it is urgent to expand its application into other fields. In this work, silica aerogel/resin composites were successfully prepared by combining silica aerogel with a resin matrix for dental restoration. The applications of this material in the field of dental restoration, as well as its performance, are discussed in depth. It was demonstrated that, when the ratio of the resin matrix Bis-GMA to TEGDMA was 1:1, and the content of silica aerogel with 50 μm particle size was 12.5%, the composite achieved excellent mechanical properties. The flexural strength of the silica aerogel/resin composite reached 62.9546 MPa, which was more than five times that of the pure resin. Due to the presence of the silica aerogel, the composite also demonstrated outstanding antibacterial capabilities, meeting the demand for antimicrobial properties in dental materials. This work successfully investigated the prospect of using commercially available silica aerogels in dental restorative materials; we provide an easy method for using silica aerogels as dental restorative materials, as well as a reference for their application in the field of biomedical materials.     

铬硅薄膜电阻的退火工艺条件研究

分析了CrSi薄膜电阻阻值的变化机理,并以此作为理论指导,开展退火工艺条件对铬硅薄膜电阻稳定性影响的实验,得到优化的退火工艺条件,可以使铬硅薄膜电阻的温度系数减小到±0.0001℃左右,大大提高了铬硅薄膜电阻的稳定性。     

Multi-scale homogenization-based modeling of semi-crystalline polymers

This paper presents a finite-strain, multi-scale constitutive model for semi-crystalline polymers, accounting explicitly for the current state and evolution of the underlying crystallographic, lamellar and morphological texture. Specifically, a semi-crystalline polymer is modeled as a two-scale composite, assumed to be, at the larger length scale, an aggregate of randomly distributed grains that, at the smaller length scale, are made up of alternating layers of an amorphous and a crystalline phase. The model incorporates finite elasticity for the amorphous phase and crystallographic hardening for the crystalline phase. The instantaneous effective response of this composite is determined by means of multi-scale homogenization methods, consisting in the use of a “linear comparison composite” (LCC) with the same internal structure as the actual nonlinear composite, with local properties that are optimally chosen via suitably designed variational principles. The effective properties of the resulting two-scale LCC are obtained through a “sequential” homogenization procedure, involving the exact solution for the effective behavior of the lamellar grains and a self-consistent estimate for the aggregate. The latter results are also used to establish evolution laws for the appropriate internal variables in the material. The predictions of the model for the macroscopic response and texture evolution in high-density polyethylene are confronted with available experimental results and compared with those of earlier models.     

Stable edge dislocations in finite crystals

Dislocations have been considered as mechanically unstable defects in bulk crystals, ignoring the Peierls oscillations. Eshelby [J. Appl. Phys. 24 (1953) p.176] had showed that a screw dislocation can be stable in a thin cylinder. In the current work, considering Eshelby's example of an edge dislocation in a single crystalline plate, we show that an edge dislocation can be stable in a finite crystal. Using specific examples, we also show that the position of stability of an edge dislocation can be off-centre. This shift in the stability from the centre marks the transition from a stable dislocation to an unstable one. The above-mentioned tasks are achieved by simulating edge dislocations using the finite element method.     

热处理条件对PVA薄膜阻氢性能的影响

采用XRD测定了PVA薄膜在不同热处理条件下的结晶度,并用自行设计的渗氢系数测量系统研究了在不同热处理条件下的PVA薄膜阻氢性能的变化规律。结果表明,PVA薄膜的热处理温度越高,其结晶度越高,越有利于提高PVA薄膜的阻氢性能,但热处理温度宜选择在180℃以下,以防止PVA薄膜热降解,另一方面,在PVA的玻璃化转变温度以下进行热处理同样能够提高PVA薄膜的阻氢性能,而醇解度较低的PVA薄膜在玻璃化转变温度以下经热处理后的阻氢性能提高的幅度较大。     

Mechanics and morphology of single-walled carbon nanotubes: from graphene to the elastica

Abstract

The elastica is referred to the shape of the curve into which the centreline of a flexible lamina is bent. Hence, single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are treated as the elastica obtained from bending of graphene. The corresponding large deformation accompanies both the material and geometrical non-linearities. The morphology of the free-standing SWCNTs such as the natural angle of twist, bond lengths, tube radius and wall thickness are determined. Moreover, it is shown that the induced self-equilibriated strain field has a remarkable impact on the mechanical behaviour of the nanotube. Utilization of an appropriate non-linear continuum constitutive relation for graphene leads to exact formulation of the governing equations of SWCNTs. Subsequently, through perturbation analysis, the asymptotic solutions of the initial elastic fields for the SWCNTs are presented. By performing ab initio calculations, the components of the fourth and sixth-order elastic moduli tensors in the constitutive model of graphene needed in this study are computed.     

新型热作模具钢CH95的高温力学和抗磨性能研究

对比研究了CH95钢与H11钢的高温力学及抗磨性能,分析了2种模具钢的组成和微结构对其高温力学性能和抗磨性能的影响,采用透射电子显微镜观察分析了CH95钢试样中碳化物的形貌．结果表明：CH95钢与H11钢相比具有优异的高温力学性能;其优异的高温力学性能和抗磨性能归因于其特定的微观结构;CH95钢中细小且呈弥散分布的MC、M2C强化相的含量较高,使得其在高温下仍可保持优良的力学性能和抗磨性能;稀土可加速CH95钢表面致密氧化物层的形成,提高其强度、韧性、耐磨性和抗剥离能力;而经离子氮化处理后形成的细小且呈弥散分布的合金氮化物亦可起弥散强化作用,从而使得CH95钢在高温高载荷下的抗磨性能明显优于H11钢．