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61.
Robust reversible watermarking can provide robustness against various attacks besides the ability to recover the cover image. However, robustness and reversibility are somewhat separate in many schemes. The original cover image cannot be recovered even if the watermarked image suffers from a tiny distortion. This paper presents a new robust reversible watermarking scheme by exploring the reversibility of spread-spectrum codes. Watermark bits are embedded by a suggested adaptive spread-spectrum code. The embedding amplitude used in the algorithms is determined by quantizing the source interference of the cover. The proposed scheme is robust to various attacks. Furthermore, since the embedding amplitude is available at the receiver, the original image can be recovered losslessly when there is no attack. Even in the presence of attacks, the original cover images can still be partially recovered. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed scheme performs well on robustness and watermarked image quality, and provide extra reversibility that resists image distortions. 相似文献
62.
恶意用户通过向数据融合中心发送伪造的频谱感知数据,解决自身频谱资源短缺问题,但会极大地降低频谱感知系统的检测概率。为了解决此问题,提出了基于模糊K means++的数据融合算法。该算法首先引入模糊处理机制处理样本的数据特征值,以此来增加样本间的差异性;然后将模糊处理后的数据发送到融合中心,融合中心采用离群点挖掘的方法排除恶意用户,并对保留下来的用户进行融合,使样本向量具有鲁棒性;最后运用K means++算法对样本向量进行聚类。该算法利用轮盘法选择聚类中心,可有效抵御恶意用户的攻击,提高系统感知性能;无需知晓信号与噪声的分布等一些先验信息,也避免了繁杂的门限推导。从仿真结果可以看出,该算法对抵御恶意用户攻击具有突出的效果,有效提升了协同频谱感知系统的稳定性和鲁棒性。 相似文献
63.
为了提升基于极化码的稀疏码多址接入(sparse code multiple access,SCMA)系统接收机性能,提出了基于简化软消除列表(simplify soft cancellation list,SSCANL)译码器的循环冗余校验(cyclic redundancy check,CRC)辅助联合迭代检测译码接收机方案。该方案中极化码译码器使用SSCANL译码算法,采用译码节点删除技术对软消除列表(soft cancellation list,SCANL)算法所需要的L次软消除译码(soft cancellation, SCAN)进行简化,通过近似删除冻结位节点,简化节点间软信息更新计算过程,从而降低译码算法的计算复杂度。仿真结果表明,SSCANL算法可获得与SCANL算法一致的性能,其计算复杂度与SCANL算法相比有所降低,码率越低,算法复杂度降低效果越好;且基于SSCANL译码器的CRC 辅助联合迭代检测译码接收机方案相较基于SCAN译码器的联合迭代检测译码(joint iterative detection and decoding based on SCAN decoder, JIDD-SCAN)方案、基于SCAN译码器的CRC辅助联合迭代检测译码(CRC aided joint iterative detection and decoding based on SCAN decoder,C-JIDD-SCAN)方案,在误码率为10-4时,性能分别提升了约0.65 dB、0.59 dB。 相似文献
64.
无速率编码作为一种纠删码,在减少反馈重传的同时也具有码率灵活、编译码简单的特性,在许多领域都有广阔的应用前景。度分布作为无速率编码设计的基础,对无速率编码的性能有至关重要的影响。随着无速率编码的广泛应用,度分布的设计也需要随着场景和需求的变化进行优化。首先论述了无速率编码的发展与应用,从几种经典的无速率编码和度分布开始,详细地从应用场景、优化目标以及现有优化方法 3 个角度,对目前无速率编码中度分布的研究和发展进行了总结与分析。最后,对无速率编码和度分布的发展应用趋势进行了分析与展望。 相似文献
65.
Shufeng Li Mingyu Cai Robert Edwards Yao Sun Libiao Jin 《Digital Communications & Networks》2022,8(3):359-372
Binary Polar Codes (BPCs) have advantages of high-efficiency and capacity-achieving but suffer from large latency due to the Successive-Cancellation List (SCL) decoding. Non-Binary Polar Codes (NBPCs) have been investigated to obtain the performance gains and reduce latency under the implementation of parallel architectures for multi-bit decoding. However, most of the existing works only focus on the Reed-Solomon matrix-based NBPCs and the probability domain-based non-binary polar decoding, which lack flexible structure and have a large computation amount in the decoding process, while little attention has been paid to general non-binary kernel-based NBPCs and Log-Likelihood Ratio (LLR) based decoding methods. In this paper, we consider a scheme of NBPCs with a general structure over GF(2m). Specifically, we pursue a detailed Monte-Carlo simulation implementation to determine the construction for proposed NBPCs. For non-binary polar decoding, an SCL decoding based on LLRs is proposed for NBPCs, which can be implemented with non-binary kernels of arbitrary size. Moreover, we propose a Perfect Polarization-Based SCL (PPB-SCL) algorithm based on LLRs to reduce decoding complexity by deriving a new update function of path metric for NBPCs and eliminating the path splitting process at perfect polarized (i.e., highly reliable) positions. Simulation results show that the bit error rate of the proposed NBPCs significantly outperforms that of BPCs. In addition, the proposed PPB-SCL decoding obtains about a 40% complexity reduction of SCL decoding for NBPCs. 相似文献
66.
E.?A.?CastroEmail author A.?P.?Toropova A.?A.?Toropov D.?V.?Mukhamedjanova 《Structural chemistry》2005,16(3):305-324
We examine the encoding of chemical structure of organic compounds by Labeled Hydrogen-Filled Graphs (LHFGs). Quantitative Structure-Property Relationships (QSPR) for a representative set of 150 organic molecules have been derived by means of the optimization of correlation weights of local invariants of the LHFGs. We have tested as local invariants Morgan extended connectivity of zero- and first order, numbers of path of length 2 (P2) and valence shells of distance of 2 (S2) associated with each atom in the molecular structure, and the Nearest Neighboring Codes (NNC). The best statistical characteristics for the Gibbs free energy has been obtained for the NNC weighting. Statistical parameters corresponding to this model are the following n = 100, r2 = 0.9974, s = 5.136 kJ/mol, F = 38319 (training set); n = 50, r2 = 0.9990, s = 3.405 kJ/mol, F = 48717 (test set). Some possible further developments are pointed out. 相似文献
67.
68.
GPS接收机中的码分多址信号处理研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍了基于码分多址信号处理的GPS(全球定位系统)接收机的算法和电路设计。GPS接收机电路的信号处理任务主要是对数字化后的基带扩频信号进行载波跟踪、解调、解扩、码跟踪,从而得到符号数据。着重讨论了GPS接收机中信号处理部分的COSTAS、码跟踪、帧同步生成电路三大模块的功能任务、原理、算法及其相应的电路设计。通过这些研究工作,可以进一步设计出当前应用日益普遍的GPS接收机电路,该电路具有功能全面、通用性好、可靠性高等特点。 相似文献
69.
70.
Difference systems of sets (DSS) are combinatorial configurations that arise in connection with code synchronization. This paper proposes a new method to construct DSSs, which uses known DSSs to partition some of the cosets of Zv relative to subgroup of order k, where v = km is a composite number. As applications, we obtain some new optimal DSSs. 相似文献