一种融合噪声网络的深度强化学习通信干扰资源分配算法

针对传统干扰资源分配算法在处理非线性组合优化问题时需要较完备的先验信息,同时决策维度小,无法满足现代通信对抗要求的问题,该文提出一种融合噪声网络的深度强化学习通信干扰资源分配算法(FNNDRL)。借鉴噪声网络的思想,该算法设计了孪生噪声评估网络,在避免Q值高估的基础上,通过提升评估网络的随机性,保证了训练过程的探索性;基于概率熵的物理意义,设计了基于策略分布熵改进的策略网络损失函数,在最大化累计奖励的同时最大化策略分布熵,避免策略优化过程中收敛到局部最优。仿真结果表明,该算法在解决干扰资源分配问题时优于所对比的平均分配和强化学习方法,同时算法稳定性较高,对高维决策空间适应性强。     

Fine-Tuning Alkyl Chains on Quinoxaline Nonfullerene Acceptors Enables High-Efficiency Ternary Organic Solar Cells with Optimizing Molecular Stacking and Reducing Energy Loss

Material design of guest acceptor is always a big challenge for improving the efficiency of ternary organic solar cells (OSCs). Here, a pair of isomeric nonfullerene acceptors based on quinoxaline core, Qx–p-C₇H₈O and Qx–m-C₇H₈O, is designed and synthesized. By moving the alkoxy chain attached on side phenyl from meta-position to para-position, both π–π stacking distance and crystallinity are enhanced simultaneously. They obtain the uplifted lowest unoccupied molecular orbital level. Compared to Qx–m-C₇H₈O, Qx–p-C₇H₈O exhibits wider absorption spectrum and higher extinction coefficient. Using D18-Cl:N3 as host materials, the addition of guest acceptor Qx–p-C₇H₈O significantly improves the power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 17.61% to 18.49% because of higher open-circuit voltage (0.875 V) and short-circuit current density (27.85 mA cm⁻²). This can be attributed to the faster exciton dissociation, more balanced carrier mobility, fine fiber morphology, and lower energy loss in the ternary devices. However, Qx–m-C₇H₈O-based ternary device achieves relatively low PCE of 17.17% because this device shows extremely low electron mobility. The results indicate that molecular stacking, film morphology, etc., can be effectively modulated by fine-tuning the side chains of guest materials, which may be an effective design rule for further improving the PCE of OSCs.     

A Hybrid Strategy-Based Ultra-Narrow Stretchable Microelectrodes with Cell-Level Resolution

Stretchable ultra-narrow (e.g., 10 µm in width) microelectrodes are crucial for the electrophysiological monitoring of single cells providing the fundamental understanding to the working mechanism of neuro network or other electrically functional cells. Current fabrication strategies either focus on the preparation of normal stretchable electrodes with hundreds of micrometers or millimeters in width by using inorganic conductive materials or develop conductive organic polymer gel for ultra-narrow electrodes which suffer from low stretchability and instability for long-term implantation, therefore, it is still highly desirable to explore bio-interfacial ultra-narrow stretchable inorganic electrodes. Herein, a hybrid strategy is reported to prepare ultra-narrow multi-channel stretchable microelectrodes without using photolithography or laser-assisting etching. A 10 µm × 10 µm monitoring window is fabricated with enhanced interfacial impedance by the special rough surface. The stretchability achieves to 120% for this 10 µm-width stretchable electrode. Supported by these superior properties, it is demonstrated that the stretchable microelectrodes can detect electrophysiological signals of single cells in vitro and collect electrophysiological signals more precisely in vivo. The reported strategy will open up the accessible preparation of the fine-size stretchable microelectrode. It will significantly improve the resolution of monitoring and stimulation of inorganic stretchable electrodes.     

基于Memetic算法的电路演化设计研究

 针对传统演化算法在设计数字逻辑电路时存在的演化速度缓慢和容易陷入局部最优解等问题,设计了一种Cartesian进化编程编码的电路演化Memetic算法,采用遗传算法作为全局搜索方法,并设计了适合电路演化的基本门种类局部搜索策略.通过一位全加器电路证明所提出的Memetic硬件演化算法的搜索能力,实验证明所提出的算法能够有效地完成进化任务,具有较强的全局快速和局部搜索能力.     

浅析图像领域PCT申请的补充检索

图像领域PCT申请通常存在丰富的已有信息,且技术方案复杂度较高.针对图像领域PCT申请补充检索的典型情况,给出了相应的补充检索策略,并通过实际案例验证了上述补充检索策略的有效性.审查员应灵活运用相应的补充检索策略,提高检索的有效性.     

逆变电源并联技术的现状与发展

分析了逆变电源并联的基本原理，介绍了并联技术发展过程中出现的几种控制方案，并针对各种并联方案的优缺点讨论了今后逆变电源的发展趋势。     

Ternary Blend Strategy for Achieving High‐Efficiency Organic Solar Cells with Nonfullerene Acceptors Involved

Nonfullerene acceptors have recently drawn considerable attention in bulk heterojunction organic solar cells (OSCs). The power conversion efficiency (PCE) over 14% is achieved in single‐junction fullerene‐free OSCs, which has surpassed that of fullerene‐based counterparts. For future commercial applications, however, a high and stable PCE > 15% is required, which entails rational material design and device optimization. In this context, three approaches are generally utilized—the synthesis of novel nonfullerene acceptors and the selection of suitable polymer donors to pair with them, the tandem or multijunction device architecture, and the ternary blend strategy. Compared to the former two methods, the ternary strategy allows to employ the existing photovoltaic materials and the single‐junction device. Therefore, an exploration of nonfullerene acceptor–based ternary blend OSCs (NFTSCs) has shown unprecedented progress since 2016. This review summarizes and classifies the photovoltaic materials utilized in NFTSCs, aiming to not only exhibit the recent development of NFTSCs but also elucidate the correlation among donor/acceptor materials, film morphology, transport dynamics, and device fabrication toward high‐efficiency OSCs. Lastly, the above key advances are highlighted along with the existing issues and insights into the viable path for the further research thrusts are offered.     

电信运营商信息安全管控架构及集中策略研究

本文对运营商信息安全集中管控架构演进和信息安全管控策略面临的问题进行了深入分析,提出了信息安全集中管控架构的演进方向建议及对信息安全监控策略工作优化的若干意见。     

蜜罐技术研究新进展

蜜罐技术是网络防御中的陷阱技术,它通过吸引诱骗攻击者并记录其攻击行为,从而研究学习敌手的攻击目的和攻击手段,保护真实服务资源。然而,传统蜜罐技术存在着静态配置、固定部署等先天不足,极易被攻击者识别绕过而失去诱骗价值。因此,如何提高蜜罐的动态性与诱骗性成为蜜罐领域的关键问题。该文对近年来国内外蜜罐领域研究成果进行了梳理,首先总结了蜜罐发展历史,随后以蜜罐关键技术为核心,对执行过程、部署方式、反识别思想、博弈理论基础进行了分析;最后,对近年来不同蜜罐防御成果分类叙述,并对蜜罐技术发展趋势进行了分析陈述,针对潜在安全威胁,展望新兴领域防御应用。

     

关于"信息-知识-智能转换规律"的研究

人类以资源和资源转换能力为生.工业时代的表征性资源是能量,"能量转换与守恒定律"就成为整个近代科学技术的基石;信息时代的表征性资源是信息,"信息-知识-策略-行为的转换与统一理论"将成为引领信息时代科学技术发展的灵魂.本文将阐明信息、知识、策略、行为的概念及其转换机制,建立"信息-知识-策略-行为的转换与统一理论".这里,信息理论将大大超越Shannon理论,知识理论将大大突破"知识工程",同时,原来的结构主义学派、功能主义学派、行为主义学派将被综合成为一个有机的整体.信息-知识-策略-行为的转换与统一理论将为智能科学的进一步发展提供新的视野和活力.