用于振动能收集器的弛豫铁电单晶切型研究

弛豫铁电单晶具有优越的压电性能和良好的温度适应性,在压电器件领域具有良好的应用前景。但是由于其复杂的工程化畴组态和各向异性,在器件设计过程中必须要考虑切型问题。该文从物联网电源的需求出发,以弛豫铁电单晶应用于振动能收集器为例,构造了以输出电压为考核目标的优化切型判据;利用基于欧拉旋转定理的张量计算方法计算分析了沿其赝立方结构的[001]、[011]和[111]极化的铌镁酸铅-钛酸铅单晶适用于振动能收集器的优化切型;分析了3种切型对切角误差的敏感性;最后给出了优化切型下的相关物理性能张量。     

Dislocation-mediated plasticity in silicon during nanometric cutting: A molecular dynamics simulation study

The nucleation and propagation of dislocations and its consequence on the defect structure in silicon during nanometric cutting are not well known, although the amorphization and high pressure phase transformation studies on silicon have remained at the epicentre of research across various disparate disciplines for over a decade. This paper proposes a new mechanism of crystal plasticity identified by a fully automated dislocation extraction algorithm in molecular dynamics simulations of nanometric cutting of silicon for different cutting planes/directions at a wide range of temperatures (300–1500 K). Alongside amorphization of silicon, our simulations revealed nanoscale stochastic nucleation of dislocations and stacking faults, which serve as mediators of microscopic plasticity during various contact loading operations and manufacturing processes of silicon. Of interest is that, irrespective of the cutting temperature, the stacking faults, which were not formed for either the (010)[100] or (111)[$\bar{1}1$0] crystal setups, were generated with three atomic layers in the (110)[00$\bar{1}$] cutting.     

Quantitative analysis of trace‐level benzene,toluene, ethylbenzene,and xylene in cellulose acetate tow using headspace heart‐cutting multidimensional gas chromatography with mass spectrometry

This study describes a method for the quantification of trace‐level benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene in cellulose acetate tow by heart‐cutting multidimensional gas chromatography with mass spectrometry in selected ion monitoring mode. As the major volatile component in cellulose acetate tow samples, acetone would be overloaded when attempting to perform a high‐resolution separation to analyze trace benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene. With heart‐cutting technology, a larger volume injection was achieved and acetone was easily cut off by employing a capillary column with inner diameter of 0.32 mm in the primary gas chromatography. Only benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene were directed to the secondary column to result in an effective separation. The matrix interference was minimized and the peak shapes were greatly improved. Finally, quantitative analysis of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene was performed using an isotopically labeled internal standard. The headspace multidimensional gas chromatography mass spectrometry system was proved to be a powerful tool for analyzing trace volatile organic compounds in complex samples.     

工业过程在线控制气相色谱仪中柱切系统的研制

根据某石化总厂生产过程控制23套在线气相色谱仪中柱切系统国产化的实际需要,在气相色谱专家系统研究的基础上,通过选择正确的柱系统,并采用基于反吹、前吹、中心切割等基本柱切方法为基础的组合式柱切技术,配以往长、流量、流动方向和柱温的调节,取得了圆满成功。实际使用证明,所研制柱子的性能达到日本原装柱的水平,寿命为1～3年不等。     

Computational study of a column generation algorithm for bin packing and cutting stock problems

This paper reports on our attempt to design an efficient exact algorithm based on column generation for the cutting stock problem. The main focus of the research is to study the extend to which standard branch-and-bound enhancement features such as variable fixing, the tightening of the formulation with cutting planes, early branching, and rounding heuristics can be usefully incorporated in a branch-and-price algorithm. We review and compare lower bounds for the cutting stock problem. We propose a pseudo-polynomial heuristic. We discuss the implementation of the important features of the integer programming column generation algorithm and, in particular, the implementation of the branching scheme. Our computational results demonstrate the efficiency of the resulting algorithm for various classes of bin packing and cutting stock problems. Received October 18, 1996 / Revised version received May 14, 1998?Published online July 19, 1999     

CO2 laser cutting of MDF: 1. Determination of process parameter settings

This paper details an investigation into the laser processing of medium-density fibreboard (MDF). Part 1 reports on the determination of process parameter settings for the effective cutting of MDF by CO₂ laser, using an established experimental methodology developed to study the interrelationship between and effects of varying laser set-up parameters. Results are presented for both continuous wave (CW) and pulse mode (PM) cutting, and the associated cut quality effects have been commented on.     

晶体硅金刚线切割废料制备高纯氮化硅

以晶体硅金刚线切割废料为原料,通过氮化反应制得氮化硅,既回收了金刚线切割废料,又解决了环境污染的问题。 通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线能量色谱仪(EDS)等技术手段研究了原料经HCl和HF酸洗净化后制备氮化产物的物相组成、组分质量分数和微观形貌的影响。 结果表明,HCl酸洗后切割废料制备的氮化产物中主要物相为Si₂N₂O和Si₃N₄,而HF酸洗后切割废料制备的氮化产物中主要物相为Si₃N₄。 氮化产物中Si₂N₂O的形成与切割废料中SiO₂的质量分数有关,降低原料中SiO₂的质量分数是切割废料经过高温氮化制得氮化硅的前提。     

金属切屑塑性流动的稳定性

对金属正交切削过程中切屑形成机制和材料塑性流动行为进行实验研究和理论分析. 通过对4 种常用金属材料正交切削过程的实验研究和切屑形貌的微观观察,确定了连续切屑转变成锯齿切屑的临界速度. 结果表明该临界速度与材料性能相关. 在实验观察基础上,提出描述材料正交切削过程的二维分析模型. 该模型假设切屑形成区为包括主剪切区和次剪切区的一个平行四边形. 载荷有主剪切区中的剪应力和次剪切区中的正压力;通过量纲分析得到描述材料正交切削过程的无量纲主控参数和无量纲形式的基本控制方程;应用线性稳定性分析方法建立平面应变状态下评价材料塑性流动稳定性的普遍准则;求得切屑形成区内材料塑性变形的速度和应力近似解. 讨论切屑形成、形貌转变以及相关的塑性失稳机制. 分析结果表明, 表征材料惯性与阻尼之比的无量纲参数— 雷诺数可以作为主控参数描述金属切削过程以及切屑材料塑性流动的稳定性.      

Effcient Near-Infrared Quantum Cutting in Tm3+/Yb3 Codoped LiYF4 Single Crystals for Solar Photovoltaic

Downconversion (DC) with emission of two near-infrared photons about 1000 nm for each blue photon absorbed was obtained in thulium (Tm³⁺) and ytterbium (Yb³ ) codoped yt-trium lithium fluoride (LiYF₄) single crystals grown by an improved Bridgman method. The luminescent properties of the crystals were measured through photoluminescence excitation, emission spectra and decay curves. Luminescence between 960 and 1050 nm from Yb³ : ²F_5/2→²F_7/2 transition, which was originated from the DC from Tm³ ions to Yb³ ions, was observed under the excitation of blue photon at 465 nm. Moreover, the energy transfer processes were studied based on the Inokuti-Hirayama model, and the results indicated that the energy transfer from Tm³ to Yb³ was an electric dipole-dipole interaction. The max-imum quantum cutting effciency approached up to 167.5% in LiYF₄ single crystal codoped with 0.49mol% Tm³ and 5.99mol% Yb³ . Application of this crystal has prospects for increasing the energy e ciency of crystalline Si solar cells by photon doubling of the high energy part of the solar spectrum     

区域分割的计数问题

首先讨论了k维欧氏空间被n 个(k-1)维超平面分割的区域计数问题.然后用角形线和锯齿形线分割平面,采用递归和余差公式两种方法,解决了平面区域分割的计数问题.最后对分割问题的条件与限制进行了讨论.