Properties of strong hydrogen-bonded systems: The formation of hydrogen-bonded ion pair in amine·HCL systems

The hydrogen-bonded complexes between CH₃NH₂ and (CH₃)₂NH with HCl have been studied by the ab initio molecular orbital method using the 4–31G basis set. Calculations show that the proton potential curve has a single minimum near to the nitrogen atom in both complexes. This means that the proton has been transferred from HCl to the amine. ΔE and the dipole moment of the complexes studied are as follows: ?18.2 kcal mol^?1, 10.3 D for methylamine ·HCl, and ?21.7 kcal mol^?1 11.1 D for the corresponding dimethylamine complex. Other properties of the hydrogen-bonded ion pairs are discussed.     

A theoretical approach to substituent effects: Stabilities and conformational preferences in β-substituted ethyl radicals

Ab initio molecular orbital theory is used to study substituent effects in a series of β-substituted Et radicals XCH₂CH₂. For X = BH₂ (plan.), CH₃, NH₂, OH and F, only slight conformational preferences and weak stabilizations are indicated. Such behaviour may be rationalized, using a PMO model, in terms of opposing changes, accompanying variation in X, in positive and negative hyperconjugation between the XCH₂ group and the CH₂ centre. On the other hand, for groups containing an appropriately oriented, low-lying vacant orbital, viz. X = Li, BeH and BH₂ (perp.), there is a pronounced preference for the perpendicular conformation of the radical. This is attributed to 1,3-interaction between the singly-occupied 2p(C) orbital and the vacant 2p(X) orbital.     

Trace element determinations in shale oil products by neutron activation

Neutron activation offers some important advantages for the determination of selected trace elements in shale oil products. This paper gives techniques and results of a study of crude shale oil and naphtha, heavy distillate, and wax products of shale oil. The elements determined were Al, As, Au, Br, Ce, Cl, Co, Cr, Fe, Hg, I, K, Mn. Mo, Na, S, Sb, Se, V, and Zn. Some elements (Mn, Na, As) tend to accumulate in heavier fractions, whereas chlorine and iodine are concentrated in the more volatile fractions. The volatility of sulphur compounds in the shale oil products appears to be essentially uniform, with some tendency toward accumulation in distillation residues. The tendency for the trace elements to accumulate in the waxes that precipitated from cooled heavy distillates was very low.     

On the character of local electric fields in amorphous semiconductors

On the basis of the agreement of calculated and measured parameters of some amorphous semiconductors, an argument is stated in favour of the central-symmetric type of random local electric fields. A possible mechanism of the transport of electrons is discussed.     

敌我识别MK ⅫA浅析

概述了西方敌我识别MK系列发展历程,较详细地介绍了MK ⅫA模式5工作原理,分析了Mode 5的技术性能和设计特点.     

新一代多模光纤

按照以太网协议建设的光纤局域网的传输速率正迅速升级到1Gbit/s和10Gbit/s这时光纤提出了更高的要求。IEEE正在制定10Gbit/s以太网标准,10Gbit/s以太网标准将考虑采用新一代的多模光纤。文章产 叙述新一代多模光纤的发展前景,然后综述了新一代多模光纤概念、测量新一代多模光纤带宽的新方法和制造新一代多模光纤的技术。     

公共场所背景噪声的频谱建模

对北京市内36个公共场所背景噪声声级进行了现场调查和测量。对它们的1/3 oct频谱进行曲线拟合,通过对这些拟合曲线的比较和分析,对公共场所的环境背景噪声建立了频谱的粗糙模型并举例说明该模型的使用方法,在用于公共广播系统的分类定级时可根据公共场所的类型和具体要求对模型进行适用性调整。     

一种适用于通用CPU的高命中率、低功耗TLB

为了提高 CPU的速度和更有效的管理物理内存 ,一般都采用转换查找缓冲器 (TLB)将虚拟地址转换为物理地址。文中介绍一种适用于 3 2位通用 CPU的 TLB结构。这种 TLB采用组相联映射、两种页粒度结构 ,采用静态存储结构作为其基本存储单元 ,同时应用了静态存储单元的低功耗设计来降低 TLB的功耗。     

嵌入式单地址空间操作系统动态加载的研究

目前某些非智能手机或嵌入式系统由于不是虚拟地址空间,无法动态加载应用程序和更新系统软件,如果更新需要重新编译链接整个系统软件,限制了嵌入式系统灵活性和扩展性,若能实现模块和应用程序的动态加载,可以提高系统的灵活性和扩展性。本文从理论上详细分析动态加载需要解决的问题,如动态模块的执行,地址无关的代码和系统接口的调用等问题,并给出了详细的参考实现,并在非智能手机平台上作了验证,可以实现设计的动态加载。本文最后对动态加载的系统安全和进一步的扩展做出了分析。     

语言计量研究中的上小三角矩阵压缩存储算法

三角矩阵的压缩存储是科学研究和工程计算领域经常遇到的问题。在语言计量研究的实际应用当中,需要用到一类主对角线元素全为零的特殊三角矩阵川、三角矩阵。通过对相关压缩算法的考察,给出了上小三角矩阵中行主顺序压缩存储算法的正向公式和逆向公式,还给出了算法在语言计量研究中的应用。基于算法的后续计量研究将有助于进一步揭示人类语言结构与演化的规律。