面向三维集成电路版图设计的EDA插件研究

三维集成是未来微电子系统的发展方向。但是,现阶段的EDA软件如Cadence等却没有覆盖整个三维集成电路版图设计流程。为了更好的满足工程师在三维集成电路设计中的需要,本文基于SKILL语言,对业界主流版图设计工具Cadence Virtuoso进行二次开发,开发出能辅助三维集成电路设计的EDA插件。该EDA插件主要包括三种功能：自动对齐,自动打孔和三维可视化技术。最终,本文在三维集成电路的背景下设计两个并联的反相器。实验表明,该EDA插件能够满足三维集成电路设计的需求,简化了三维集成电路版图设计的过程,具有很好的易用性。     

平面切换对信号传输特性影响的一种分析方法

采用"场"、"路"结合的方法研究了多层印制电路板参考平面的切换对信号完整性的影响.分析了过孔转换结构中返回电流的路径,通过"场"的方法获得两参考平面间的瞬态阻抗.将过孔转换结构等效为二端口网络,推导了基于等效电路拓扑结构的S参数与节点电压的关系,获得S参数的计算公式.计算了5 GHz内不同的过孔半径和参考面间距的回波损耗与插入损耗.结果表明:返回电流所受到的阻抗随参考平面间距的减小.而减小信号过孔的半径越小,回波损耗就越小,插入损耗越大,过孔转换结构对信号完整性的影响也越小.计算结果与全波有限元电磁仿真的结果基本吻合.     

Topography and field effects in the inner side of microvia hole using ToF‐SIMS

We have developed a simple and powerful method, which is called ‘angled sample holder method’, to characterize a topographic structured sample such as microsized via hole of ball grid array using time‐of‐flight SIMS. The diameter of via holes was 100 µm and the depth was 70 µm. To remove the shaded area by incidence primary ion beam and to extract secondary ions from the bottom of a via hole, several types of angled sample holders with compensation steering plate were applied on the basis of simulation results using SIMION code. And the analyses using angled sample holder method enabled us to characterize the bottom and side wall of a via hole in clear. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Surface and Structural Properties of Gold Nanoparticles and Their Biofunctionalized Derivatives in Aqueous Electrolytes Solution

Gold nanoparticles reduced by sodium citrate (d ～ 10 nm) and purchased gold colloid particles (d ～ 500 nm) were examined and compared. The properties of both gold particles and their biofunctionalized derivatives with L-cysteine and L-glutathione were studied in the presence of sodium nitrate. The structural investigations indicated an aggregated inner structure.

The isoelectric points of pure gold, citrate reduced gold, and functionalized gold were measured and compared. The low isoelectric point of pure gold/water interface was explained by considering the distribution and accumulation of H⁺ and OH^? ions within the interfacial water layer, being more pronounced for OH^? ions.      

Ultrasound Microbubbles Enhance the Efficacy of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Therapy for the Treatment of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss

The application of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) to the round window membrane (RWM) is an emerging treatment for inner ear diseases. RWM permeability is the key factor for efficient IGF-1 delivery. Ultrasound microbubbles (USMBs) can increase drug permeation through the RWM. In the present study, the enhancing effect of USMBs on the efficacy of IGF-1 application and the treatment effect of USMB-mediated IGF-1 delivery for noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) were investigated. Forty-seven guinea pigs were assigned to three groups: the USM group, which received local application of recombinant human IGF-1 (rhIGF-1, 10 µg/µL) following application of USMBs to the RWM; the RWS group, which received IGF-1 application alone; and the saline-treated group. The perilymphatic concentration of rhIGF-1 in the USM group was 1.95- and 1.67- fold of that in the RWS group, 2 and 24 h after treatment, respectively. After 5 h of 118 dB SPL noise exposure, the USM group had the lowest threshold shift in auditory brainstem response, least loss of cochlear outer hair cells, and least reduction in the number of synaptic ribbons on postexposure day 28 among the three groups. The combination of USMB and IGF-1 led to a better therapeutic response to NIHL. Two hours after treatment, the USM group had significantly higher levels of Akt1 and Mapk3 gene expression than the other two groups. The most intense immunostaining for phosphor-AKT and phospho-ERK1/2 was detected in the cochlea in the USM group. These results suggested that USMB can be applied to enhance the efficacy of IGF-1 therapy in the treatment of inner ear diseases.     

Immobilization of Eversa® Transform via CLEA Technology Converts It in a Suitable Biocatalyst for Biolubricant Production Using Waste Cooking Oil

The performance of the previously optimized magnetic cross-linked enzyme aggregate of Eversa (Eversa-mCLEA) in the enzymatic synthesis of biolubricants by transesterification of waste cooking oil (WCO) with different alcohols has been evaluated. Eversa-mCLEA showed good activities using these alcohols, reaching a transesterification activity with isoamyl alcohol around 10-fold higher than with methanol. Yields of isoamyl fatty acid ester synthesis were similar using WCO or refined oil, confirming that this biocatalyst could be utilized to transform this residue into a valuable product. The effects of WCO/isoamyl alcohol molar ratio and enzyme load on the synthesis of biolubricant were also investigated. A maximum yield of around 90 wt.% was reached after 72 h of reaction using an enzyme load of 12 esterification units/g oil and a WCO/alcohol molar ratio of 1:6 in a solvent-free system. At the same conditions, the liquid Eversa yielded a maximum ester yield of only 34%. This study demonstrated the great changes in the enzyme properties that can be derived from a proper immobilization system. Moreover, it also shows the potential of WCO as a feedstock for the production of isoamyl fatty acid esters, which are potential candidates as biolubricants.     

基于窄内径多孔层毛细管开管柱的纳流高效液相色谱用于N-衍生化氨基酸对映体的分离

窄内径多孔层毛细管开管柱（NPLOT柱）在生命科学领域,特别是单细胞分析领域具有较好的应用前景。本研究采用原位热引发聚合法来制备窄内径奎尼丁类手性固定相多孔层开管柱,在6 μ m i.d.的毛细管中制备有机聚合物多孔层,考察了不同热聚合时间（3、6和9 h）对NPLOT柱形貌的影响,热聚3 h和6 h制备的NPLOT柱形貌均一,多孔层厚度分别为103±51 nm和210±51 nm。将热聚合3 h制备的NPLOT柱用于纳流高效液相色谱分离N-衍生化氨基酸对映体,在2 min内即可实现基本分离,消耗的样品量仅为皮升级别。该研究将为单细胞分析提供研究手段。     

化学学科核心素养指引下的“配合物”教学探讨

指出了高中阶段“配合物”教学中存在的问题,并从“应用杂化轨道理论解决配合物中心部分的空轨道问题”“尝试判断配位原子”“用平衡思想理解配合物的内界组成”等3个方面阐述了如何在化学学科核心素养的指导下引导学生更好地进行配合物知识的学习。     

微量元素添加对多元Sn-Bi系焊料合金组织与性能的影响

传统焊料合金由于熔点温度高,不能满足部分有机基板、温度敏感器件以及3D封装等多层封装形式的低温封装要求.以Sn-Bi合金为基体,通过添加微量Ag、Cu、Co和Ni元素形成新型多元合金,对多元合金的熔化性能、润湿性能、微观组织和力学性能进行研究.结果 表明:微量元素的添加(质量分数0～1％)对多元Sn-Bi系合金的固相线...     

单面法红外检测钢板内壁缺陷温度场研究

利用导热微分方程和钢板的初始条件及边界条件,用数值计算分析了二维钢板模型随 缺陷长度大小、深度变化时单面法加热钢板的表面温度场分布,在红外热像仪的分辨率允许的前提下讨论单面法红外检测钢板内表面缺陷的可行性。