基于人类视觉的快速自动调焦法

为了提高自动调焦算法的性能,对调焦评价函数和调焦搜索算法进行了研究。在分析人类视觉系统(HVS)特性研究成果的基础上,提出了一种基于HVS加权的小波调焦评价函数。根据视觉多通道特性和视觉敏感度带通特性,对不同方向、不同空间频带的小波高频系数分别赋予不同的权值。为了克服爬山法搜索速度慢的缺点,提出了一种基于SOM神经网络的搜索算法,采用训练完成的SOM神经网络预测镜头的最佳聚焦位置。实验结果表明,提出的小波调焦评价函数得到了比传统小波调焦评价函数更优的调焦特性曲线;采用本文的搜索算法平均仅需要采集处理7.3幅图像就能找到最佳聚焦位置,与基于全搜索的爬山法相比,节省了大量的搜索时间。说明提出的调焦方法不但可以得到符合人眼视觉的调焦效果,还可以实现快速自动调焦。     

GC-MS测定人血清中酞酸酯类环境污染物

为了解酞酸酯类环境污染物在人血清中的含量水平。采用毛细管柱气相色谱-质谱联用法的选择离子检测(GC-MS-SIR)技术,结合有机溶剂提取,高速离心去蛋白和低温浓缩的方法测定103份健康人血清中酞酸二丁酯(di--nbutyl phthalate,DBP)和酞酸二异辛酯[di-(2-ethyl-hexyl)phthalate,DEHP]。测定结果提示酞酸酯类环境污染物已进入人血清,DBP约为7.10 mg.L-1,DEHP约为6.78 mg.L-1,大部分人体内已有一定的污染负荷。     

相似图像块逼近的人脸超分重建残差补偿框架

为了提高人脸图像超分辨率重建算法中残差补偿步骤的效果,提出一种通用的基于内容相似图像块线性组合逼近的残差补偿框架,不经过搜索步骤,使用训练集人脸图像同一内容的图像块来进行运算。所提框架中的全局重建步骤,可以使用不同的重建方法。实验结果表明,在这种框架下的残差补偿方法,相比经典的邻域嵌入残差补偿方法,可以更好地恢复出初步重建的人脸图像细节信息。因为这是一种通用的残差补偿方法,从而可以推测凡使用邻域残差补偿的算法,均可借助本算法框架将重建结果进一步的提升。     

结合JND模型的交叉验证深度图质量评价方法

针对在3D视频(3DV)和自由视点视频(FVV)中传统的 图像质量评价方法不适用于深度图的问题,本文从人类视觉感知特性出发,提出一 种新的深度图 质量评估算法。首先进行交叉验证,得到待评价深度图的差值图;然后提取遮挡掩膜,去除 被遮挡的像素 点;再根据人类视觉特性,考虑背景亮度掩蔽、纹理掩蔽和边缘敏感性等因素,应用恰可察 觉失真(JND)模 型得到每个像素点的误差可视阈值;最后计算错误像素率作为度量指标评价深度图的质量 。实验结果表 明,本文提出的算法能够准确地检测错误像素,所提出的度量指标与全参考度量指标的相关 系数的平均值 为0.833,最高达到0.933,与合成虚拟视点均 方误差的相关系数的平均值为0.857,最高达 到0.928。     

面向近眼式应用的快速瞳孔中心定位算法

针对Hough圆变换、最小二乘法椭圆拟合瞳孔中心定位算法中运算量大的问题,提出一种基于椭圆外切矩形的快速瞳孔中心定位算法。该算法从人眼图像中通过阈值分割得到瞳孔区域,对瞳孔区域进行边缘像素点的提取,然后利用椭圆外切矩形模型定位出瞳孔中心。通过Matlab对中国科学院自动化研究所公开的虹膜数据库中756张人眼图像进行遍历实验验证,所提算法定位准确率为98.3%,平均用时0.192 s。在同等条件下,与Hough圆变换、最小二乘法椭圆拟合算法进行对比,在保证定位准确率的同时,所提算法平均用时更少。实验结果表明,所提算法能够快速准确地完成瞳孔的中心定位。     

Green Tea (Camellia sinensis): A Review of Its Phytochemistry,Pharmacology, and Toxicology

Objectives Green tea (Camellia sinensis) is a kind of unfermented tea that retains the natural substance in fresh leaves to a great extent. It is regarded as the second most popular drink in the world besides water. In this paper, the phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology of green tea are reviewed systematically and comprehensively. Key findings Green tea has been demonstrated to be good for human health. Nowadays, multiple pharmacologically active components have been isolated and identified from green tea, including tea polyphenols, alkaloids, amino acids, polysaccharides, and volatile components. Recent studies have demonstrated that green tea shows versatile pharmacological activities, such as antioxidant, anticancer, hypoglycemic, antibacterial, antiviral, and neuroprotective. Studies on the toxic effects of green tea extract and its main ingredients have also raised concerns including hepatotoxicity and DNA damage. Summary Green tea can be used to assist the treatment of diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, oral cancer, and dermatitis. Consequently, green tea has shown promising practical prospects in health care and disease prevention.     

Identification of Human Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor by a Pharmacophore-Based Virtual Screening Study

Human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (hDHODH) is an enzyme belonging to a flavin mononucleotide (FMN)-dependent family involved in de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, a key biological pathway for highly proliferating cancer cells and pathogens. In fact, hDHODH proved to be a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of acute myelogenous leukemia, multiple myeloma, and viral and bacterial infections; therefore, the identification of novel hDHODH ligands represents a hot topic in medicinal chemistry. In this work, we reported a virtual screening study for the identification of new promising hDHODH inhibitors. A pharmacophore-based approach combined with a consensus docking analysis and molecular dynamics simulations was applied to screen a large database of commercial compounds. The whole virtual screening protocol allowed for the identification of a novel compound that is endowed with promising inhibitory activity against hDHODH and is structurally different from known ligands. These results validated the reliability of the in silico workflow and provided a valuable starting point for hit-to-lead and future lead optimization studies aimed at the development of new potent hDHODH inhibitors.     

Effect of Ion and Binding Site on the Conformation of Chosen Glycosaminoglycans at the Albumin Surface

Albumin is one of the major components of synovial fluid. Due to its negative surface charge, it plays an essential role in many physiological processes, including the ability to form molecular complexes. In addition, glycosaminoglycans such as hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate are crucial components of synovial fluid involved in the boundary lubrication regime. This study presents the influence of Na+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions on human serum albumin–hyaluronan/chondroitin-6-sulfate interactions examined using molecular docking followed by molecular dynamics simulations. We analyze chosen glycosaminoglycans binding by employing a conformational entropy approach. In addition, several protein–polymer complexes have been studied to check how the binding site and presence of ions influence affinity. The presence of divalent cations contributes to the decrease of conformational entropy near carboxyl and sulfate groups. This observation can indicate the higher affinity between glycosaminoglycans and albumin. Moreover, domains IIIA and IIIB of albumin have the highest affinity as those are two domains that show a positive net charge that allows for binding with negatively charged glycosaminoglycans. Finally, in discussion, we suggest some research path to find particular features that would carry information about the dynamics of the particular type of polymers or ions.     

人眼波前畸变的实时动态校正

以自适应光学技术为基础塔建了高分辨视网膜成像系统.利用微变形反射镜(DMs)作为波前校正器件,将镜面的形貌、波前及镜面的响应函数表示为泽尼克Zernike多项式的线性组合,利用直接迭代算法及控制电压矩阵改变镜面形貌,从而实现对眼睛波前畸变的适时校正.校正后残余误差的平方根值小于λ/7,接近衍射的极限分辨率.实验表明此闭环系统带宽小于5 Hz,能校正多数情况下眼睛的动态波前畸变,能对眼科医学的诊断提供一定的帮助.     

一种多人脸跟踪算法的研究与实现

结合人脸的运动模型提出了一种多人脸的跟踪算法,通过使用跟踪稳定系数来解决多人脸跟踪过程中目标发生粘连重叠或者由于目标检测质量的原因造成跟踪目标丢失等各种问题;同时目标跟踪器提供一个预测搜索区域指导下一帧的定位,从而进一步提高定位的速度.实验结果表明此算法具有很好的准确性和实时性.