~6Li原子跃迁频率和超精细分裂的精密测量

本文实现了可用于锂原子频率精密测量的冷原子系统,获得了大数目的原子样品;利用西西弗斯冷却和速度选择相干布居俘获实现了~6Li的冷原子的灰色黏胶冷却,原子的温度被冷却到多普勒冷却极限以下,达到50μK;利用光学频率梳,实验上测量了D1线的跃迁频率和超精细分裂,测量结果和理论计算相接近,可以和目前最精确的测量相比较.这些测量为进一步的轻质量原子频率的精密测量、α常数以及核半径的精确标定打下了基础.     

用联合变换相关器实现灰阶图像绝对差度量光学匹配

将绝对差度量（ＡＤＭ）引入联合变换相关器（ＪＴＣ）,实现了灰阶图像光学匹配的计算机模拟实验,利用循环编码方法,通过联合变换相关器一步绝对差度量,相关后的图像通过取高阈值的分割方法来实现对目标的准确判断,针对高斯噪声干扰情况,分析了阈值选择问题,提高了灰阶目标识别抵抗器材怕畸变干扰的能力。     

GM(1,1)的周期修正模型及其在泉水流量预测中的应用

本文阐述了 GM( 1 ,1 )的残差周期修正模型 ,并将它应用于山西神头泉的流量预测中 ,建立了神头泉流量的 GM( 1 ,1 )周期修正模型 ,对其流量进行了预测 ,为神头泉域岩溶水资源开发利用和保护提供了科学依据     

Neural control of vocalization: Respiratory and emotional influences

Previous research has shown that a region of the midbrain, the periaqueductal gray matter (PAG), is critical for vocalization. In this review, we describe the results of previous investigations in which we sought to find out how PAG neurons integrate the activity and precise timing of respiratory, laryngeal, and oral muscle activity for natural-sounding vocalization using the technique of excitatory amino acid microinjections in cats. In these studies, all surgical procedures were carried out under deep anaesthesia. In the precollicular decerebrate cat two general types of vocalization, classified as voiced and unvoiced, could be evoked by exciting neurons in the lateral part of the intermediate part of the PAG. The patterns of evoked electromyographic activity were strikingly similar to previously reported patterns of human muscle activity. Coordinated patterns of activity were evoked with just-threshold excitation leading to the conclusion that patterned muscle activity corresponding to the major categories of voiced and voiceless sound production are represented in the PAG. In a parallel series of human and animal experiments, we also determined that the speech and vocalization respiratory patterns are integrated and coordinated with afferent signals related to lung volume. These data have led to the proposal of a new hypothesis for the neural control of vocalization: that the PAG is a crucial brain site for mammalian voice production, not only in the production of emotional or involuntary sounds, but also as a generator of specific respiratory and laryngeal motor patterns essential for human speech and song     

基于灰度投影改进的电子稳像

针对灰度投影算法运用于存在局部运动目标的情况下,稳像效果较差并且可能产生错稳这一问题,在分析灰度投影基本理论的基础上,提出一种改进的灰度投影算法:局部运动物体位置估计方法和像素替代法。利用灰度值的改变和像素替代的方法,把局部运动物体去除,再进行稳像处理。通过实验验证,该方法可以解决图像中存在运动物体时发生的错稳情况。比较改进前与改进后的稳像效果,改进后的PSRN（峰值信噪比）提高了1.35。     

High precision Zernike modal gray map reconstruction for liquid crystal corrector

This paper proposes a new Zernike modal gray map reconstruction algorithm used in the nematic liquid crystal adaptive optics system. Firstly, the new modal algorithm is described. Secondly, a single loop correction experiment was conducted, and it showed that the modal method has a higher precision in gray map reconstruction than the widely used slope method. Finally, the contrast close-loop correction experiment was conducted to correct static aberration in the laboratory. The experimental results showed that the average peak to valley (PV) and root mean square (RMS) of the wavefront corrected by mode method were reduced from 2.501\lambda (\lambda =633~nm) and 0.610\lambda to 0.0334\lambda and 0.00845\lambda , respectively. The corrected PV and RMS were much smaller than those of 0.173\lambda and 0.048\lambda by slope method. The Strehl ratio and modulation transfer function of the system corrected by mode method were much closer to diffraction limit than with slope method. These results indicate that the mode method can take good advantage of the large number of pixels of the liquid crystal corrector to realize high correction precision.     

一种新的SAR图像自动配准算法

由于图像间光谱特性的差异,对图像配准的精度产生严重的影响,因此该文提出了一种基于改进灰度熵的SAR图像自动配准算法。文中首先对SAR图像进行配准前的预处理,提取图像掩模,然后计算图像行和列的灰度熵,将其作为图像的特征信息完成图像间的配准,提出了配准优化算法的完整步骤,并利用多种方法对配准结果进行评价。实验证明该方法可以有效克服图像间亮度不均的影响,充分利用了像素的有用信息,具有很高的配准精度和配准效率,是一种正确可行的图像配准算法。     

一种改进的直方图均衡化图像增强方法

分析了直方图均衡化算法的基本原理,指出图像部分灰度级尤其是表征图像细节的灰度级被过度合并是导致处理后图像细节信息丢失而变得模糊的原因。针对此不足,提出了一种均衡化处理后增加图像灰度级的方法。首先在空间域或者频域中,提取出原图像的高频细节成分,然后将其与原图像直方图均衡化处理后的结果进行叠加,并且可以通过调整高频成分的权值系数获得细节得到不同程度增强后的图像。实验结果表明：与传统直方图均衡化算法相比,使用该方法处理后的图像既增强了整体对比度,又保留了原图像更多的细节信息。     

多源红外弱小目标灰色关联融合识别方法

针对从复杂地物背景下识别红外弱小目标的需求,提出了一种针对中/长波红外图像的多源信息融合识别方法。首先在对低信噪比红外图像的预处理中改进了去相关和分块阈值分割等算法以抑制温度场的非线性影响,有效提取出目标及其特征,再利用基于灰色理论的目标关联度计算得到基本概率赋值,进一步运用D-S证据理论组合规则对多个观测样本的信任度进行决策融合,得到同一时刻多传感器探测样本数据的最终识别结果。实验表明,该方法对复杂地物背景下的红外弱小目标具有较高的识别效率。     

一种改进的自适应分段线性变换算法

红外成像设备获取到的原始图像经过转化可成为适合人类观看以及计算机处理的灰度图像,但转化后的图像会存在对比度低的问题。针对这一问题,本文提出一种改进的自适应分段线性变换算法,通过比较灰度直方图簇的个数的方式在候选集中自动选取适合于当前原始图像的参数取值,随后经过灰度线性变换即可得到增强后的图像。在实际红外原始数据上的实验表明,该算法增强效果较好,且计算时间相对较低,能够实现完全自适应。因此,该算法有望应用于红外成像设备的实时处理过程。