光抽运多层石墨烯太赫兹表面等离子体增益特性的研究

本文建立了光抽运多层石墨烯表面等离子体模型,计算了光抽运多层石墨烯等离子体传播系数的实部和吸收系数,讨论了动量弛豫时间、温度、层数、准费米能级对表面等离子体传播系数的实部和吸收系数的影响.研究结果表明,光抽运多层石墨烯使其动态电导率的实部在太赫兹频段内出现负值时,石墨烯表面等离子体实现增益.通过光抽运剥离层石墨烯和含有底层石墨烯结构表面等离子体传播系数和吸收系数比较,表明光抽运剥离层石墨烯能更有效地实现表面等离子体的增益.同时,在低温下,光抽运具有合适层数的石墨烯比光抽运单层石墨烯能获得更大的表面等离子体增益.     

First-principles study of lithium intercalated bilayer graphene

Lithium intercalated bilayer graphene has been investigated using first-principles density functional theory calculations. Results show that there exist AB and AA stacking sequences for bilayer graphene in which the latter is more favorable for the Li storage and the former will evolve into the latter with the intercalation of Li ions. The relationship between the interlayer distance of two graphene sheets and the intercalated capacity of Li ions is discussed. It is found that structural defect is identified to store Li ions more favorably than pristine bilayer graphene and an isolated C atom vacancy in bilayer graphene can capture three Li ions between two graphene sheets.     

微纳器件热传导中的基础物理问题

纳米功能器件中的温度控制已经成为世界各国迫切需要解决的关键技术。在文章中,作者简单回顾了纳米器件发展的历程和现状;以碳纳米管和石墨烯为例,重点介绍了纳米尺度热传导研究中的一些基础物理问题,以及近年来该领域中一些热点研究方向和新奇物理效应。同时,还讨论了影响纳米材料热传导性质的主要物理机制。研究这些系统本身的热传导特性,不仅对于深入理解纳米尺度能量输运的基本物理原理具有重要意义,而且与微纳电子器件的未来发展密切相关,具有广阔深远的应用前景。     

Electronic thermal conduction in suspended graphene

The electronic thermal conductivity (ETC), κ_e, of suspended graphene (SG) is studied for 15<T<400 K, following the Boltzmann transport formalism. The electrons are considered to be scattered from defects along with the intrinsic in-plane acoustic phonons, out-of-plane flexural phonons (FPs) and optical phonons. The ETC is evaluated by computing the first-order perturbation distribution function by directly solving the linearized Boltzmann equation by an iterative method. Numerical calculations of the temperature and concentration dependences of κ_e show the dominance of charged impurity scattering at lower temperatures (T<75 K) and of FPs at higher temperatures. The results are compared with the commonly used low-temperature and high-energy relaxation time approximations. Our calculations are in good agreement with recent κ_e data extracted for high-mobility SG samples. The validity of Wiedemann–Franz law is also discussed.     

近红外聚乙烯醇荧光高分子材料的制备及性能

以一种方酸菁染料、水溶性石墨烯和聚乙烯醇为原料,设计合成了在近红外区具有强荧光(660~665 nm)特性及良好的光热稳定性的方酸菁/聚乙烯醇二元和方酸菁/石墨烯/聚乙烯醇三元高分子材料;与在水中相比,方酸菁染料在聚乙烯醇中的最大紫外-可见吸收和荧光波长红移,荧光强度和光稳定性大幅提高;石墨烯的存在增强了材料的光稳定性。     

新型Li4Ti5O12@石墨烯的微波辅助合成及电化学性能研究

将钛酸四丁酯和氧化石墨超声分散于叔丁醇,微波辐射下加入醋酸锂溶液制备尖晶石Li₄Ti₅O₁₂（LTO）前驱体/氧化石墨烯。一方面,微波作用促进了钛酸四丁酯水解,前驱体的形成能在15min内完成。另一方面,叔丁醇的“软模板”限域作用导致形成粒子极小且形貌单一的LTO前驱体。同时,细小的LTO前驱体粒子通过二次团聚将氧化石墨烯纳米片完全包埋。最后,LTO前驱体/氧化石墨烯在800℃下煅烧8h得到尖晶石LTO@石墨烯（LTO@G）。研究表明,LTO@G晶体尺寸在0.2~1.5μm之间,其振实密度达到1.7g·cm^-3。石墨烯位于晶体内部,并显著提高了材料的电子传导性。LTO@G的电导率为1.84×10^-3S·m^-1,远高于纯相LTO（1.1×10^-7S·m^-1）。1C和4C下,LTO@G首次充放电容量分别是170.1和97.5mAh·g^-1。可见,LTO@G具有高倍率性能和振实密度,可广泛应用于各种商品锂离子电池。     

浓硫酸脱水还原制备石墨烯及其电容性能

利用浓硫酸的脱水性能,在低温下快速处理氧化石墨烯得到硫酸脱水还原石墨烯材料。研究了不同处理方法对材料结构和电容性能的影响。结果表明:一步浓硫酸脱水法对氧化石墨烯的还原效果和水合肼相当;经过稀硫酸开环预处理后,浓硫酸(70 ℃, 30 min)对氧化石墨烯表面含氧官能团的脱除效果更加明显。两步硫酸脱水还原法得到样品的还原程度更高,堆积层数少;形成的石墨微晶区域的数量多,尺寸小。电容测试结果表明,对比于传统的水合肼还原法,浓硫酸脱水法得到的石墨烯材料有更好的电化学性能;两步浓硫酸脱水法得到石墨烯电极材料的比电容为321.8 F·g^-1,经1000次循环伏安测试后,电容保持率为89.7%。     

原位电化学还原制备石墨烯修饰玻碳电极及其对亚硝酸根离子的电催化氧化性能

通过原位电化学还原直接制备石墨烯修饰玻碳电极,并用电化学阻抗谱（EIS）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对其进行了表征,研究了亚硝酸根离子（NO2-）在石墨烯修饰玻碳电极上的电化学行为.结果表明：石墨烯修饰玻碳电极对NO2-的氧化反应有良好的电催化活性,NO2-的浓度与峰电流呈良好的线性关系,且在pH 7.0的磷酸盐缓冲液（PBS）中其氧化峰电流最高.利用该方法测定了模拟废水中NO2的含量,结果令人满意.     

Nanoporous Graphene Enriched with Fe/Co‐N Active Sites as a Promising Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalyst for Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Here, a simple but efficient way is demonstrated for the preparation of nanoporous graphene enriched with Fe/Co–nitrogen‐doped active sites (Fe/Co‐NpGr) as a potential electrocatalyst for the electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) applications. Once graphene is converted into porous graphene (pGr) by a controlled oxidative etching process, pGr can be converted into a potential electrocatalyst for ORR by utilizing the created edge sites of pGr for doping nitrogen and subsequently to utilize the doped nitrogens to build Fe/Co coordinated centers (Fe/Co‐NpGr). The structural information elucidated using both XPS and TOF‐SIMS study indicates the presence of coordination of the M–N (M = Fe and Co)‐doped carbon active sites. Creation of this bimetallic coordination assisted by the nitrogen locked at the pore openings is found to be helping the system to substantially reduce the overpotential for ORR. A 30 mV difference in the overpotential (η) with respect to the standard Pt/C catalyst and high retention in half wave potential after 10 000 cycles in ORR can be attained. A single cell of an anion exchange membrane fuel cell (AEMFC) by using Fe/Co‐NpGr as the cathode delivers a maximum power density of ≈35 mWcm^?2 compared to 60 mWcm^?2 displayed by the Pt‐based system.     

顶栅石墨烯离子敏场效应管的表征及其初步应用

传统的液栅型石墨烯场效应管虽然灵敏度高, 但是石墨烯沟道极易被污染, 致使器件的稳定性减小, 不能被重复利用. 为此, 我们设计制造了一种顶栅石墨烯离子敏场效应管, 以化学气相沉积生长的石墨烯为沟道, 通过原子层沉积在石墨烯表面沉积绝缘层HfO₂/Al₂O₃, 其中Al₂O₃作为敏感膜, HfO₂/Al₂O₃作为石墨烯及电极的保护膜. 经过一系列的电学表征和测试发现, 相较于液栅型石墨烯场效应管, 顶栅石墨烯场效应管具有更高的信噪比、更好的稳定性. 为了利用顶栅石墨烯进行生物分子的检测, 我们将单链DNA修饰在Al₂O₃表面, 成功检测到了修饰DNA前后的信号差异, 并结合荧光修饰的表征验证了顶栅石墨烯场效应管用于生物传感器的可行性.