物联网与标准

物联网本质是 ICT 与国民生产中更多行业的联姻。标准是促进物联网应用形成规模经济效应和避免碎片化的重要手段,在涉及重大基础设施建设的项目中标准更是客户采购的前提条件。通信行业达成共识成立全球性的物联网标准组织迈出了重要的一步,以业务层和终端管理的标准化作为起点是合理的步骤,也符合整个 ICT 行业的利益。     

不是问题的问题

概述了我国PCB工业是在资本主义社会包围下发展起来的,资本主义社会发生经济危机带来的问题。我们要看到经济危机过后的新的产品和市场的平台。     

基于DAB技术的智能交通车载终端

基于数字音频广播(DAB)技术,文章提出了一种交通诱导信息广播系统和一种车载智能终端。交通诱导信息广播系统将高速发展的广播数字化技术与城市交通智能管理相结合,是集信息采编、信息发布、信息移动接收、交通实时导航、娱乐于一体的信息处理平台;车载智能终端基于DAB技术,是用于对车辆现代化管理的设备。交通诱导信息广播系统依托移动网络可以从服务车辆上获得全球定位系统(GPS)定位信息,从而监控和跟踪车辆;车载智能终端可以接收DAB信道的实时广播、动态路况、车辆的导航路径等信息。     

驾驶员疲劳检测中的眼睛定位算法

人眼状态与疲劳程度有很好的相关性,眼睛定位在驾驶员疲劳检测中有十分重要的地位。目前眼睛定位算法都是针对睁开的眼睛,不能定位闭合的眼睛。为了能够定位任意状态下的眼睛,提出了Adaboosting算法与几何模板融合的眼睛定位算法。在眼睛粗定位区域中用Ada-boosting算法检测睁开的眼睛,修改几何模板。对于Adaboosting算法中不能检测到眼睛时则用几何模板法进行眼睛定位。实验表明该算法有较好的检测率和运算速度。     

GSM与WCDMA综合网管融合策略与实现

第三代移动通信网络牌照发放之后,国内运营商大规模开展3G网络建设,于是在国内出现了GSM／WCDMA,CDMAIX／EVDO,GSM／TD—SCDMA三种组合型网络。如何融合2G与3G综合网管系统、节约建设成本、有效地提升3G网络运维效率是当前综合网管建设的重大课题之一。文章通过对GSM与WCDMA移动通信网络融合情况的分析,以及对新一代网管系统的研究,探讨GSM与WCDMA统一融合的省级综合网管建设策略,以及省内建设过程中的具体实施步骤及可能遇到的问题。     

Fabrication of biomimic GaAs subwavelength grating structures for broadband and angular-independent antireflection

We combine interferometric lithography and inductively coupled plasma etching to fabricate GaAs subwavelength grating (SWG) which mimics the moth eye structures. Through the modification of morphology parameters, including profile, height and packing fraction, tapered, high-aspect-ratio and closely-packed GaAs SWGs are obtained. The measurement of spectral reflectance of the fabricated SWGs shows that reflection has been dramatically reduced compared to the polished GaAs surface. Particularly, the optimized SWG structures exhibit an average reflection below 5% in the wavelengths ranging from 350 to 900 nm. Furthermore, the angular-independent property is demonstrated by measuring the reflectance versus varying angles of incidence at 532 and 632.8 nm wavelengths.     

Self-tuning distributed measurement fusion Kalman estimator for the multi-channel ARMA signal

For the multisensor multi-channel autoregressive moving average (ARMA) signal with white measurement noises and a common disturbance measurement white noise, when the model parameters and the noise variances are all unknown, a multi-stage information fusion identification method is presented, where the consistent fused estimates of the model parameters and noise variances are obtained by the multi-dimension recursive instrumental variable (RIV) algorithm, correlation method and Gevers-Wouters algorithm with a dead band. Substituting these estimates into the optimal distributed measurement fusion Kalman signal estimator, a self-tuning distributed measurement fusion Kalman signal estimator is presented. Its convergence is proved by the dynamic error system analysis (DESA) method, so that it has asymptotical global optimality. In order to reduce computational load, a fast recursive inversion algorithm for a high-dimension matrix is presented by the inversion formula of partitioned matrix. Especially, when the process and measurement noise variance matrices are all diagonal matrices, the inversion formula of a high-dimension matrix is presented, which extends the formula of the inverse of Pei-Radman matrix. Applying the proposed inversion algorithm, the computation of the fused measurement and fused noise variance is simplified and their computational burden is reduced. A simulation example shows effectiveness of the proposed method.     

复杂气候系统和全球变暖

两位气候学家和一位理论物理学家共同荣获2021年诺贝尔物理学奖.诺贝尔物理学奖委员会在背景介绍材料中指出,他们在"理解复杂物理系统领域做出了开创性贡献".相信很多人会对两位气候学家获奖而感到惊讶,物理学奖委员会进一步具体指出,人类活动导致全球变暖这一论断建立在坚实的科学基础之上,两位气候学家获奖是因为他们基于物理原理模...     

银镜反应制备纳米蛾眼减反结构法

为了降低光学表面的菲涅耳反射,提出了一种制备仿生减反结构的方法.利用银镜反应并结合退火处理在硬性材质基底表面制备银纳米粒子,经反应离子刻蚀工艺,在基底表面形成一层纳米蛾眼减反结构.分析了周期分布和随机分布纳米蛾眼的光学特性,实验研究了退火参量和刻蚀参量对银纳米颗粒直径、密度以及高度的影响,并在硅和石英基底上分别制备了随机减反结构.测试结果表明:硅基平均反射率小于4.5%,双面石英基透过率达98.1%.理论和实验均表明:随机分布的纳米仿生蛾眼结构具有宽光谱、广视角和高减反特性,所提出的制备方法具有简便易行、低成本、大幅面等优点,在光电器件中具有良好的潜在应用前景.     

Diagnosis of response and non-response to dry eye treatment using infrared thermography images

The dry eye treatment outcome depends on the assessment of clinical relevance of the treatment effect. The potential approach to assess the clinical relevance of the treatment is to identify the symptoms responders and non-responders to the given treatments using the responder analysis. In our work, we have performed the responder analysis to assess the clinical relevance effect of the dry eye treatments namely, hot towel, EyeGiene®, and Blephasteam® twice daily and 12 min session of Lipiflow®. Thermography is performed at week 0 (baseline), at weeks 4 and 12 after treatment. The clinical parameters such as, change in the clinical irritations scores, tear break up time (TBUT), corneal staining and Schirmer’s symptoms tests values are used to obtain the responders and non-responders groups. We have obtained the infrared thermography images of dry eye symptoms responders and non-responders to the three types of warming treatments. The energy, kurtosis, skewness, mean, standard deviation, and various entropies namely Shannon, Renyi and Kapoor are extracted from responders and non-responders thermograms. The extracted features are ranked based on t-values. These ranked features are fed to the various classifiers to get the highest performance using minimum features. We have used decision tree (DT), K nearest neighbour (KNN), Naves Bayesian (NB) and support vector machine (SVM) to classify the features into responder and non-responder classes. We have obtained an average accuracy of 99.88%, sensitivity of 99.7% and specificity of 100% using KNN classifier using ten-fold cross validation.