几种人体生物特征的生物识别技术比较

随着社会公共安全和个人的自身信息安全要求的提高,生物识别技术成为了安全验证的首选方式,他是利用人体生物特征对人进行身份识别的一种高科技技术。简要介绍了生物识别技术出现的背景、生物识别技术的概念、生物识别的基本过程、生物识别技术的发展动态及前景。对当前比较流行的几种生物识别技术指纹识别、虹膜识别、视网膜识别、面部识别、签名识别、声音识别、基因识别等从原理及其特点上予以了论述和比较。     

Fusion Wheat Histone H4 Protein Increases Transfection Efficiency of Non-viral DNA Vector

The lack of efficient and non-toxic gene delivery, preferably with non-viral DNA vectors, is generally regarded as a major limitation for gene therapy. In this study, a wheat histone H4 gene was cloned from Triticum aestivum, sequenced, modified and expressed in E. coli. The wheat histone H4 gene and reconstructed H4TL gene encoded wheat histone H4 and a recombinant protein of 141 amino acids with an approximate molecular weight of 15500. Gel electrophoresis mobility shift assays demonstrated that the purif...     

Highly sensitive non‐isotopic restriction endonuclease fingerprinting of nucleotide variability in the gp60 gene within Cryptosporidium species,genotypes and subgenotypes infective to humans,and its implications

The high‐resolution analysis of genetic variation has major implications for the identification of parasites and micro‐organisms to species and subspecies as well as for population genetic and epidemiological studies. In this study, we critically assessed the effectiveness of a PCR‐based restriction endonuclease fingerprinting (REF) method for the detection of mutations in the 60 kDa glycoprotein gene (gp60) of Cryptosporidium, a genus of parasitic protists of major human and animal health importance globally. This gene displays substantial intraspecific variability in sequence, particularly in a TCA (perfect and imperfect) microsatellite region, is present as a single copy in the nuclear genome and is used widely as a marker in molecular epidemiological studies of Cryptosporidium hominis and C. parvum, the two predominant species that infect humans. The results of this study demonstrated an exquisite capacity of REF to detect nucleotide variability in the gp60 gene within each of the two species. The differentiation of genotypes/subgenotypes based on REF analysis was supported by targeted sequencing, allowing the detection of levels of variation as low as a single‐nucleotide transversion for amplicons of ∼1 kb in size. The high‐throughput potential and relatively low‐cost of REF make it a particularly useful tool for large‐scale genetic analyses of C. hominis and C. parvum. REF could also be utilized for comparative surveys of genetic variability across large nuclear genomic regions. Such analyses of Cryptosporidium in clinical and environmental samples by REF have important implications for identifying sources of infection, modes of transmission and/or possible infectivity to humans, thus assisting in the surveillance and control of cryptosporidiosis. Given its excellent mutation detection capacity, REF should find broad applicability to various single‐copy genes as well as a wide range of other protozoan and metazoan parasites. (The nucleotide sequences reported in this article are available in the GenBank database under accession numbers GU214343–GU214371).     

bop基因及其上游启动子的克隆与表达

应用重组PCR的方法，直接从盐沼盐杆菌(Halobactrium salinarium)S9的基因组DNA上扩增到了编码细菌视紫红质(bacteriorhodopsin)的基因——bop基因及其启动子部分(1196bp)，并将其克隆到表达载体pXLNovR后，在宿主菌株中得到了表达．测序结果表明，扩增得到的片段与NCBI数据库中的bop基因及启动子的序列完全相同，且其表达产物的分子量与野生型BR蛋白的分子量一致，并且在568nm处表现出BR蛋白特征吸收峰．本方法与其他方法(如逆转录PCR，建立基因文库后从中调取等方法)相比具有操作简便，成功率高的优点．     

A Novel Approach for Introducing Bio-Materials Into Cells

A novel approach was developed to introduce biological materials into cells for gene transfection and gene therapy applications. The method is based on the technique of electrospraying bio-materials into cells. A prototype apparatus was constructed for a feasibility study. The features of the gene transfector include: (1) A dual-capillary assembly to spray suspensions of biological materials. The outer capillary provided sheathing liquid that controlled the charge level on individual particles without altering the properties of suspensions. (2) An air–CO₂ gas mixture was used for suppressing possible corona discharge and kept the same gas composition as those in incubators. (3) The designed chamber enabled the spray to operate at reduced pressure for increasing sprayed particle velocity. In the feasibility study, both suspensions of plasmid and plasmid-coated gold particles were used. The plasmid used was the commercially available Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein gene. COS-1 cells were used as the target and the liquid media was evacuated immediately prior to the spraying process. Electrospraying was conducted at ambient pressure and the duration was no more than 2 min. After the spray transfection, the media was immediately replaced and the cell samples were returned to the incubator for 36 h. Transgene expression was detected by cellular fluorescence. This technology promises to have great potential for gene transfection and therapy studies.     

Nogo-B诱导oxLDL降解与肝癌基因激活

本文基于Hill动力学与Michaelis-Menten方程,建立理论模型研究内质网定位的蛋白Nogo-B诱导调节氧化修饰低密度脂蛋白(oxidized low density lipoprotein(oxLDL))降解与肝癌基因激活.理论模型考虑oxLDL*(降解的oxLDL)-Nogo-B-Yes-associated protein (YAP)通路,研究发现,oxLDL的降解,促进了大量的Lysopho-sphatidic acid (LPA)产生,之后便会提高Hippo信号通路YAP活性,激活了癌基因的表达;经过约5小时Nogo-B表达上调,Nogo-B决定着Nogo-B与Autophagy-related 5 gene(ATG5)的复合体NA,NA调控oxLDL的降解,未降解的oxLDL会诱导Nogo-B表达上调,激活了oxLDL*-Nogo-B-YAP通路,理论结果符合实验结果,并揭示非酒精性脂肪肝病诱发的肝癌的致病机理,可以为设计阻断肝炎向肝癌转变的通路治疗方案提供理论依据.