含负折射率材料的1维光子晶体掺杂缺陷模研究

为了研究含有负折射率材料的光子晶体掺杂缺陷模的光学传输特性,利用传输矩阵理论进行数值分析.采用插入和替代两种方式对排列整齐的光子晶体进行掺杂,产生了缺陷模式.结果表明,引入正折射率缺陷只能在布喇格带隙中产生缺陷模,引入负折射缺陷能够同时在全方位光子带隙和布喇格带隙中产生缺陷模.同时研究了掺杂方式、入射方向、缺陷厚度、缺陷位置、缺陷类型对缺陷模式的影响,并对含有两层缺陷的光子晶体进行研究,得到两缺陷层的距离与带隙产生的关系,即距离越近越容易产生缺陷模式,且缺陷模的深度越深.这对于制造新型的全方位滤波器是有指导作用的.     

Optical and structural properties of sol-gel derived nanostructured CeO_2 film

Sol-gel derived nanostructured CeO2 film was deposited on glass substrate using the dip-coating technique with annealed at 650oC. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), UV/VIS and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy studies were employed to analyze the structural and optical properties of the sol-gel derived nanostructured CeO2 film. The average crystallite size was estimated from XRD pattern using Scherrer equation as about 3–4 nm. SEM micrograph shows the film have good adherence to the substrate, porous in nature and crack free. The UV-visible absorption spectroscopic measurement results showed that the products had conspicuous quantum size effects. The absorption spectrum indicates that the sol-gel derived nanostructured CeO2 film have a direct bandgap of 3.23 eV and the photoluminescence spectra of the film show strong band at 378 nm may have promising applications as optoelectronic materials.     

The Characteristics of Cu2O Thin Films Deposited Using RF‐Magnetron Sputtering Method with Nitrogen‐Ambient

We investigate the characteristics of Cu₂O thin films deposited through the addition of N₂ gas. The addition of N₂ gas has remarkable effects on the phase changes, resulting in improved electrical and optical properties. An intermediate phase (6CuO·Cu₂O) appears at a N₂ flow rate of 1 sccm, and a Cu₂O (200) phase is then preferentially grown at a higher feeding amount of N₂. The optical and electrical properties of Cu₂O thin films are improved with a sufficient N₂ flow rate of more than 15 sccm, as confirmed through various analyses. Under this condition, a high bandgap energy of 2.58 eV and a conductivity of 1.5×10^?2 S/cm are obtained. These high‐quality Cu₂O thin films are expected to be applied to Cu₂O‐based heterojunction solar cells and optical functional films.     

Prediction of the Frontier Electronic States in a Finite Single-wall Carbon Nanotube

A theoretical model is summarized into the shorter vector principle. It is used to predict the topological structure of wave function and the oscillation rule of energy gap in various types of finite carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The theoretical model indicates that the characteristics of the electronic states only depend on the nanotube size and its symmetry along the shorter vector direction. In this direction, the wave functions of the original 3m (or 3m/2) periodicity are also suitable for armchair, chiral and zigzag finite CNTs with the C2 (Cs), C1 and Cn point groups, respectively. Energy gaps present the oscillation with 3m (or 3m/2) or odd-even n. The first principle calculations for some prototype systems are performed. The results are consistent with the theoretical model.     

Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescent Polymers

The development of organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) based on fluorescent materials has made a great progress in improving light emitting efficiency and full range colors. But it still encounters the low singlet excitons generation ratio of 25% in device. As a solution to this problem, thermally activated delayed fluorescent (TADF) materials can convert the triplet excitons to the singlet ones, thus achieve theoretically 100% exciton utilization efficiency. Up to now, the small TADF molecules have achieved great breakthrough in realizing high external quantum efficiency and full color range including blue, green, and red. While the OLED devices based on macromolecules possess the inherent advantages of simplicity and lower cost in the rapid deposition of large areas at room temperature, especially on large flexible substrates, it is still relatively difficult to realize TADF effect in macromolecules, although several reports have partially confirmed them promising candidates for practical applications. This review summarizes the recent progress in the field of TADF polymers and their device performances in OLEDs, and also gives some outlooks for the further exploration in this field at the end of this paper. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017 , 55, 575–584     

Isomers of dialkyl diketo-pyrrolo-pyrrole: Electron-deficient units for organic semiconductors

Diketo-pyrrolo-pyrrole (DPP) is an important electron-deficient unit, and the alkylation of DPP can gives rise to good solubility of organic and polymer semiconductors in solvent. In this paper, we report our observations on the isomers of dialkyl DPP. The alkylation of DPP can take place on both the nitrogen and oxygen atoms, leading to the formation of three isomers. The presence of the isomers is evidenced by the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectra. The yields of the isomers are affected by the experimental conditions, including the reaction temperature, reaction time and solvent. The isomers have different electronic structures and optical properties as revealed by the UV–Vis absorption spectroscopy, fluorescent spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry and theoretical simulation using Gaussian 03 program with B3LYP/6-31G(d). Small molecules based on the DPP isomers with dialkylation at different sites were synthesized and investigated as donor materials of organic solar cells (OSCs). The photovoltaic performances of OSCs are consistent with the electronic structures of the DPP isomers.     

Electronic states of organic semiconductors vis-à-vis interactions between molecules in a submonolayer through time-restricted electrostatic assembly

We have made in-depth studies to revisit time-restricted layer-by-layer (LbL) electrostatic assembly process of a couple of organic molecules. The studies have been made in relation to electronic states of metal phthalocyanines. We show that by shortening dipping time for adsorption of the active molecules, mass adsorbed in each monolayer can be decreased and hence intermolecular spacing between the molecules can be increased. We have characterized the (sub)monolayers deposited on an electrode with scanning tunneling microscope tip to record tunneling current through the molecules. Results show that the highest occupied molecular orbitals and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals, and also the difference between the orbitals, that is, the transport gap of the molecules in a (sub)monolayer depends on the dipping time of LbL assembly or molecule-to-molecule separation. We show that interactions between molecules in a monolayer decrease the transport gap of the metal phthalocyanines.     

Two-dimensional function photonic crystals

In this paper, we have studied two-dimensional function photonic crystals, in which the dielectric constants of medium columns are the functions of space coordinates , that can become true easily by electro-optical effect and optical kerr effect. We calculated the band gap structures of TE and TM waves, and found the TE (TM) wave band gaps of function photonic crystals are wider (narrower) than the conventional photonic crystals. For the two-dimensional function photonic crystals, when the dielectric constant functions change, the band gaps numbers, width and position should be changed, and the band gap structures of two-dimensional function photonic crystals can be adjusted flexibly, the needed band gap structures can be designed by the two-dimensional function photonic crystals, and it can be of help to design optical devices.     

Riesz transform on locally symmetric spaces and Riemannian manifolds with a spectral gap

In this paper we study the Riesz transform on complete and connected Riemannian manifolds M with a certain spectral gap in the L² spectrum of the Laplacian. We show that on such manifolds the Riesz transform is Lp bounded for all p∈(1,∞). This generalizes a result by Mandouvalos and Marias and extends a result by Auscher, Coulhon, Duong, and Hofmann to the case where zero is an isolated point of the L² spectrum of the Laplacian.     

Band gap tailoring and yellow band emission of Cd0.9−xMnxZn0.1S (x=0 to 0.05) nanoparticles: Influence of Mn concentration

Cd_0.9-xMn_xZn_0.1S nanoparticles with x=0 to 0.05 were prepared by a simple chemical co-precipitation method at room temperature. Crystal structure and optical properties of the synthesized nanoparticles have been analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV–visible spectrophotometer. XRD confirmed the phase singularity of the synthesized material, which also confirmed the formation of Cd–Mn–Zn–S solid solution rather than secondary phase formation. Energy dispersive X-ray spectra showed the presence of Cd, Zn, Mn and S in the synthesized samples. The observed higher absorbance and lower transmittance of Mn-doped Cd_0.9Zn_0.1S than Cd_0.9Zn_0.1S is due to the size effect and also the defect states induced by Mn. The decrease in energy gap at Mn=0.01 is due the ‘sp–d’ exchange interactions between band electrons in CdS and the localized ‘d’ electrons of the Mn²⁺ ions. The increase in energy gap after Mn=0.01 can be explained by the excessive carriers generated by the impurity atoms. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) illustrated the vibration modes of Cd–Zn–Mn–S between the wave number 530 cm⁻¹ and 780 cm⁻¹. Mn=0.01 doped sample exhibits a relatively high PL intensity and covers most of the visible region than the other samples; so desirable for LED application. The intensity ratio of the green band (GB) to Mn-related yellow band (YB) is decreased after Mn=0.01 which may be due the size effect or reduction of surface defect at higher doping concentrations.