CuI Encapsulated within Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Networks with High Current Carrying Capacity and Excellent Conductivity

High current carrying capacity and high conductivity are two important indicators for materials used in microscale electronics and inverters. However, it is challenging to obtain high conductivity and high current carrying capacity at the same time since high conductivity requires a weakly bonded system to provide free electrons, while high current carrying capacity requires a strongly bonded system. In this paper, CuI@SWCNT networks by filling the single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with CuI is ingeniously prepared. CuI@SWCNT shows good stability due to the confinement protection of SWCNTs. Through the host-guest hybridization, CuI@SWCNT networks exhibit a current carrying capacity of 2.04 × 10⁷ A cm⁻² and a conductivity of 31.67 kS m⁻¹. Their current carrying capacity and conductivity are significantly improved compared with SWCNT. The Kelvin probe force microscopy measurements show a drop of surface potential energy after SWCNT filled with CuI, indicating that the CuI guest molecules regulate the position of the Fermi level of SWCNTs, increasing carrier concentration, achieving high conductivity and high current carrying capacity. This study offers ideas and solutions for the regulation of high-performance carbon tube networks, which hold great promise for future applications in carbon-based electronic devices.     

旋转铂盘电极上Cu(phen)_2~(2 )与6-巯基嘌呤的相互作用

在Tris-NaC1*(pH=7.2)缓冲溶液中,应用循环伏安法,微分脉冲伏安法、旋转圆盘电极实验、交流阻抗法及其数据模拟等技术研究了Cu(phen)2 25(phcn=1.10-邻菲咯啉)与6-巯基嘌呤(6-MP)的相互作用.结果显示.Cu(phen)2 2MP与6-MP无论在扩散控制过程或电化学控制过程都发生了相互作用.Cu(phen)2 2及其与6-MP的作用产物于铂电极上均呈现一对氧化还原峰,但后者呈现的氧化还原峰负移.峰电流减小.交流阻抗结果显示,无论6-MP存在与否,Cu(phen)2 2在交流阻抗谱上均呈现两个清晰的电容弧,但当6-MP存在时,电化学反应电阻和电化学吸脱附电阻均增大.Cu(phen)2 2在不同转速下的阻抗拟合结果显示.随转速增大.电化学反应电阻和电化学吸脱附电阻均减小.双电层电容呈增大趋势,而吸脱附电容呈减小趋势:当6-MP存在时.仍然呈现此变化规律.     

An example of applications of the elementary catastrophe theory in Hamiltonian systems

The convection in atmosphere discussed in ref. [1] is rigorously treated by considering the variation of environmental temperature with the height. This represents an example of applications of the elementary catastrophe theory in Hamiltonian systems.     

Electrical and photoelectrical studies of plasma polymerized acrylonitrile

The electrical and photoelectrical properties of plasma polymerized acrylonitrile (PAN) are reported. The polymer films were studied in silver-PAN-silver systems. Electrical conductivity at room temperature was of the order of 10⁻¹¹ ohm⁻¹ cm⁻¹. The space charge limited current (SCLC) studies at room temperature and thermally stimulated current studies (TSC) over a temperature range of 290–500°K led to a clear understanding of carrier concentration, carrier mobility, trapping levels and activation energies. Photoelectric measurements were used to draw a band picture in plasma depositedPAN.     

结晶PET驻极体的分子运动与陷阱性质

半晶性的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)存在不同尺寸运动单元的多重形式的分子运动,而且PET等高聚物前结构欠序、晶界和杂质等缺陷还使电子价带与导带间的禁带中出现局域能级(陷阱),并成为捕获载流子的中心,从而影响载流子的输运性质。分子运动和陷阱     

Role of Hydrodynamic Conditions in the Distribution of Anodic Dissolution Rates in Cavity Etching Regions during Electrochemical Micromachining of Partially Insulated Surfaces

Experimental study of the distribution of local rates of electrochemical micromachining in the presence of photoresist masks in various hydrodynamic conditions (macroscopically nonuniform rotating disk electrode, sprayer flow, an electrode placed into a cell with chaotic bulk electrolyte mixing) shows that the maximum etching localization is achieved at the control of the dissolution rate by the mass transport rate (at achieving the anodic limiting current). The localization enhancement as compared to the primary current distribution takes place in the case of a turbulent flow at hydrodynamic conditions where the removal of dissolution products from the undercutting region is hindered. These conditions (electrochemical reaction limited by the ion mass transport rate, high resistance to the mass transport in the undercutting region) are necessary for the localization enhancement using a pulsed anodic–cathodic treatment.     

Synthesis and conformational analysis of naphth[1′,2′:5,6][1,3]oxazino[3,2-c][1,3]benzoxazine and naphth[1′,2′:5,6][1,3]oxazino[3,4-c][1,3]benzoxazine derivatives

A new functional group, the hydroxy group, was inserted into a Betti base by reaction with salicylaldehyde, and the naphthoxazine derivatives thus obtained were converted by ring-closure reactions with formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde or phosgene to the corresponding naphth[1′2′:5,6][1,3]oxazino[3,2-c][1,3]benzoxazine derivatives. Further, the conformational analysis of these polycyclic compounds by NMR spectroscopy and an accompanying molecular modelling are reported; especially, both quantitative anisotropic ring current effects of the aromatic moieties in these compounds and steric substituent effects were employed to determine the stereochemistry of the naphthoxazinobenzoxazine derivatives.     

Resolving the copper interference effect on the stripping chronopotentiometric response of lead(II) obtained at bismuth film screen-printed electrode

As copper(II) is a common ion in a variety of analytical samples, its effect on the stripping response of lead(II) at bismuth film screen-printed carbon electrode (BFSPCE) was investigated. The study was conducted using a screen-printed three-electrode system (working, counter and reference electrodes), with the carbon-working electrode plated in situ with bismuth film. Copper present at significant concentration level in samples was found to affect the sensitivity of the electrode by reducing the constant current stripping chronopotentiometric (CCSCP) response of lead(II). Recovery of the lead stripping response at the BFSPCE in the presence of copper was obtained when 0.1 mM ferricyanide was added to the test solution. The ferricyanide added circumvents the detrimental effect of copper(II) by selectively masking the copper ions by forming a complex. The analytical utility of the procedure is illustrated by the stripping chronopotentiometric determinations of lead(II) in soil extracts.     

Differences in the electrorheological response of a particle suspension under direct current and alternating current electric fields

We have observed an unusual reduction of shear stress with increasing shear rate under direct current electric fields, for an electrorheological fluid composed of sulfonated poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) particles dispersed in silicone oil. At all shear rates, the shear stress under the electric field is larger than that in the absence of the field, indicating that there is still some field-induced agglomeration of the particles. In contrast, the behavior under alternating current electric fields is the Bingham-fluid-type response commonly observed with electrorheological fluids. It is suggested that the conventional dipole–dipole interaction approach based on simplified microstructural models would be unable to explain these phenomena. Received: 27 November 2000 Accepted: 22 May 2001