Design of high-speed data transfer turbo code for body channel communication transceivers

In this work, a digital differential transmitter based on low-power wireless compensation transceiver for body channel communication (BCC) is proposed. Further, the proposed transceiver is composed of Touch Status Detection Unit (TSDU), Wireless Status Compensation Unit (WSCU), and a reconfigurable preamplifier. Initially, the human body channel environment for wireless communication is investigated based on properties from 1 to 100 MHz. Further, the turbo code-based encoding scheme is used to encode the data before transferring the data on the transmitter side. Also, the proposed error-correcting parallel turbo decoder using a modified step-by-step algorithm is presented. The turbo code-based decoding scheme is used to recover the error-free transmitted data at the receiver side. Results demonstrate that the proposed BCC transceiver is designed using 90 nm CMOS technology and it is observed that the proposed BCC transceiver has utilized an area of 600mm². Also, the maximum data rate achieved by a proposed BCC transceiver was 100 Mbps, and the overall transceiver power consumption is 0.42 mW, and energy for communication is 0.02 nj/b.     

基于回归模型与注意力的轻量化SAR舰船检测模型

合成孔径雷达（SAR）具有不受云层干扰、可全天时、全天候对地观测的特点,基于SAR图像的舰船检测已广泛用于海洋搜救、港口侦察、领海防御等民用或军用领域。然而,与大型舰船相比,像素点少、对比度低的小型舰船存在漏检率高的问题,并且速度和精度之间的平衡成为舰船检测算法天基应用的难点。针对以上问题,本文提出了一种基于YOLOv5s模型改进的舰船检测轻量化模型（ImShips）。首先,针对船体大小差异导致的漏检问题,采取在网络底部使用感受野较小的标准卷积,提升了模型对小规模舰船空间信息的获取能力。同时,在网络顶部设计了放大感受野的扩张卷积,保留了更多的语义特征,有利于大目标的特征提取。接着,提出将轻量级的通道注意力机制应用于YOLOv5的骨干网络和特征融合网络,通过对提取到的特征按重要性分配权重,实现纹理信息的筛选。最后,在下采样时采取深度可分离卷积代替标准卷积,减少了模型参数的数量,进一步提高了模型的推理速度。实验结果表明,在SAR舰船检测SSDD和ISSID数据集中,改进后的ImShips模型在保证精度的同时,所需的浮点计算数比YOLOv5s模型减少了45.61%,检测速度提高了8.31%。ImShips模型网络规模小、检测速度快,在实时天基舰船检测中具有较大的应用潜力。     

高速移动通信系统中OTFS分数多普勒信道估计加窗研究

针对正交时频空间(OTFS)调制系统中分数多普勒信道对应的物理路径信道状态信息估计困难及计算复杂度较高等问题,该文提出一种节省导频资源的脉冲匹配滤波(PRS-PMF)信道估计算法。该算法首先使用数据与导频联合成帧的嵌入式辅助导频方法获得等效信道的估计,然后通过互相关匹配滤波估计出各路径信道状态信息,相比于传统的脉冲导频互相关匹配滤波信道估计算法,能够在降低计算复杂度的同时减少导频资源的占用。在此基础上,对OTFS系统加窗,减少窗口响应主瓣的整数样点数量并降低旁瓣电平,有效改善了等效信道多普勒响应函数的自相关特性,从而降低了其他符号及噪声对估计符号的干扰。     

基于5G-R系统的高铁站台场景信道特性

为推进智能铁路总体建设,实现高速铁路智能化,高铁信息基础设施将应用第五代移动通信技术(5G)建设铁路5G专用移动通信系统,2.1 GHz有望成为铁路5G专用移动通信系统的承载频段。高铁站台作为客货乘降与调度中转的功能核心,其在2.1 GHz下的电波传播特性亟待研究。本文以厦门北站高铁站台为研究场景,利用射线跟踪(RT)技术仿真2.1 GHz频段下的电波传播,基于仿真结果分析此场景无线信道特性,包括均方根时延扩展(RMS DS)、到达/离开方位角扩展、到达/离开俯仰角扩展(ASA/ASD, ESA/ESD)、交叉极化比(XPR)和以上参数的互相关。根据以上结果,对高铁站台场景中铁路5G专用移动通信系统的设计和评估提出相关建议。     

Effects of BaCl_2 on slow vacuolar ion channels on radish by patch-clamp

Effects of BaCl2 on slow vacuolar ion channels on radish by patch-clamp YANG Pin (杨 频) & ZHANG Liping (张丽平) Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China Correspondence should be addressed to Yang Pin (email: yangpin@sxu.edu.cn)     

7,8-二氢-6,6-二甲基-7,8-环氧-6氢-吡喃[2,3-f]苯并-2,1,3-噁二唑的合成

本文给出了一条较好的制备7,8-二氢-6,6-二甲基-7,8环氧-6氢-吡喃[2,3-f]苯并-2,1,3-噁二唑的合成路线,即由对乙酰氨基苯酚经酯化、Fries重排、环合、还原、脱水、硝化、脱酰基、氧化、脱氧和催化环氧化等反应制得标题化合物,其结构经元素分析和光谱数据确证。     

A common method for the determination of several calcium channel blockers using an HPLC system with ultraviolet detection

We report a common HPLC method for the single or simultaneous determination of four calcium channel blockers (CCB), namely diltiazem (DTZ), verapamil (VER), nifedipine (NIF) and nitrendipine (NIT) and their active metabolites demetildiltiazem and deacetildiltiazem (MA and M1), norverapamil (NOR), and dehydronifedipine (DHN). DHN was first synthesised in our laboratory and different pH values of the mobil phase were subsequently prepared and tested for chromatographic separation. The detection system and the environmental light conditions were optimised. The best separations of all analytes were obtained using a C₁₈ column and a mobile phase of methanol, 0.04 M ammonium acetate, acetonitrile and triethylamine (2:2:1:0.04 v/v). Quantitation was performed using imipramine (IMI) as the internal standard. For DTZ and its metabolites (M1 and MA), the wavelength chosen was 237 nm; for VER and its metabolite NOR, it was 210 nm; and, finally for NIF and its metabolite DHN and NIT it was 216 nm. When a simultaneous analysis was carried out the wavelength was of 230 nm. The optimum pH were 7.90 and 7.10 when the separation of NIT and DTZ or VER and NIF were carried out, respectively, and 7.90 when a simultaneous separation was carried out. The detection limit of the assay was less than 8 ng ml⁻¹ for all compounds, with coefficients of variation less than 7% (for inter- and intra-day) over the concentration range of 1–1000 ng ml⁻¹. The retention times were less than 11 min. When NIF or NIT were studied, it was necessary to use a sodium vapour lamp in order to avoid the photodegradation which takes place under daylight conditions.     

Instrumental barriers in biological Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

Biological applications of infrared spectroscopy have pressed for ever greater instrumental capabilities in terms of spectral sensitivity and quantitative exactness. Improved instrumentation has provided measurement of many vibrational modes in biological samples that previously were lost in noise. With highly optimized sampling conditions, useful measurements have been made with a peak-to-peak noise level less than 5 microabsorbance (5×10^–6 absorbance), at 0.5 cm^–1 resolution. However, optical and instrumental instabilities often result in sine waves that are not totally removed by the ratio of sample to reference. These often limit effective spectral sensitivity to 50 or 100 microabsorbance, peak-to-peak, and constitute a non-random noise. Non-atmospheric absorptions, especially one at 1959 cm^–1 with 0.8 cm^–1 band width (FWHM) are reported. The latter is due to a trace impurity in the KBr beam splitter substrate and compensator plate. Improvements in instrumentation and sampling conditions are expected to yield measurements of absorption bands as small as 50 microabsorbance with excellent signal/noise.     

Hall effects and entropy generation applications for peristaltic flow of modified hybrid nanofluid with electroosmosis phenomenon

The electroosmotic peristaltic flow of modified hybrid nanofluid in presence of entropy generation has been presented in this thermal model. The Hall impact and thermal radiation with help of nonlinear relations has also been used to modify the analysis. The assumed flow is considered due to a non-uniform trapped channel. The properties of modified hybrid nanofluid model are focused with interaction of three distinct types of nanoparticles namely copper ($Cu)$, silver ($Ag$) and aluminum oxide ($A{l}_2{O}_3).$ The mathematical modeling and significances of entropy generation and Bejan number are identified. With certain flow assumptions, the governing equations are attained for optimized peristaltic electroosmotic problem. Widely used assumptions of long wave length and low Reynolds number reduced the governing equations in ordinary differential equations. The ND solver is flowed for the solution process. The physical significant of results is observed by assigning the numerical values to parameters.